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履带拖拉机变速器的改进设计
摘 要
本篇文章详细介绍了本次的设计内容和设计思想，这次设计主要是在东方红拖拉机原型1302R变速器的基础上进行的分析改进，重点介绍了原型的设计不足和存在的问题，在分析履带拖拉机的工作环境和农业作业要求的基础上重新布置了传动比的分配，操纵机构的优化，啮合方式的改进，比如增加了传动比的范围，增加了低速作业挡，有利于拖拉机在复杂的环境工作，换挡方式由原来的直接拨动齿轮换挡变为啮合套换挡，使换挡更加方便、可靠，防止打齿。为了改善拖拉机的原地起步性能，该为双作用离合器的结构形式，使动力输出和传递轴在不同的时刻进行结合，这种按先、后依次结合的特点在农业生产中是很必要的。
对于结构设计采用结构紧凑的三轴式，在满足强度的基础上使结构紧凑，节省材料，对于齿轮的布置，尽量节省空间，布置合理。外形轮廓采用大量圆形弧线过渡，使铸造性能提高，结构合理，外形美观。在农业机械化的今天这种多挡位，随着农业的发展振兴，大功率的拖拉机还具有广阔的市场前景。
关键词： 啮合套, 双作用离合器，拖拉机，变速器
IMPROVED DESIGN OF THE TRACKED
TRACTOR TRANSMISSION
ABSTRACT
This article describes in detail the design of this content and design ideas. The design is mainly in the DFH 1302R prototype on the basis of the analysis improvements, focus on the prototype design deficiencies and the problems. Analysis of crawler tractor in the work environment and agriculture operations on the basis of a re-arrangement of the distribution of transmission ratio, manipulation of the optimization, and improving the mode of engagement are done, such as increasing the scope of the transmission ratio, increasing a low-speed operation block, and the favorable environment for the complex, shifting the original style of direct pull shift into gear meshing sets shift, shifting more convenient and reliable. In order to prevent tooth playing with greater impact and improve the tractor started in suit performance of the dual role of the structure of the clutch, the output power and transmission shaft in different light moment, and combining the features were in agricultural production is very necessary.
For structural design using compact three-axis, it can meet the compact structure, material savings. For gear settings, as far as possible to save space, a reasonable layout is done. Using contour shape of a large number of circular arc transitions so that the casting performance enhancement, reasonable structure, pleasing in appearance. Agricultural mechanization in the number of such gear today, with the development and revitalization of agriculture, high-power tractor, they have broad market prospects.
Key words : meshing sets, double-clutch, tractor，transmission
目 录
第一章 前言……………………………………………………1
第二章 履带拖拉机变速箱的改进方案的探讨与确定……2
§2.1 变速箱存在的问题………………………………………2
§2.2 变速器的功用………………………………………………2
§2.3 变速器的类型……………………………………………3
§2.4 变速器传动方案的确定…………………………………4
第三章 变速器的结构参数的设计及选择…………………………6
§3.1确定变速器的外形尺寸………………………………………6
§3.1.1变速箱齿轮中心距…………………………………………6
§3.1.2 变速箱的轴参数确定…………………………………6
§3.2 传动比的确定…………………………………………………7
§3.2.1 最高档传动比的选择………………………………………7
§3.2.2最低档传动比的确定………………………………………8
§3.3 变速箱齿轮设计计算…………………………………………9
§3.3.1齿轮的设计准则……………………………………………9
§3.3.2变速箱各档齿轮基本参数的选择…………………………10
§3.3.3 齿轮参数的计算………………………………………12
第四章 变速器齿轮的校核…………………………………………15
§4.1齿轮的损坏形式……………………………………………15
§4.2 轮齿弯曲强度计算……………………………………………15
§4 .3 齿轮接触应力计算……………………………………………17
第五章 变速器轴的强度校核…………………………………………19
§5.1轴的刚度校核……………………………………………19
§5.2 轴的刚度校核……………………………………………20
第六章 变速器轴承的校核 ……………………………………………22
第七章 变速器操纵机构的设计说明…………………………………23
§7.1 功用和要求…………………………………………………23
§7.2 换档机构…………………………………………………23
§7.3 锁定机构………………………………………………24
第八章 结论………………………………………………………27
参考文献…………………………………………………………28
致谢………………………………………………………………29
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