2014职称英语考前模拟试题讲解.doc

2014职称英语模拟试题五一、 第一部分：词汇选项 1. The nursery is bright and cheerful. A. pleasant B. colorful C. fashionable D. different2. He is but a child. 466p onlyA. probably B. not C. only D. hardly3. The price of vegetables varies according to the weather. A. jumps B. rises C. falls D. changes4. Did you do that to irritate her? A. tease B. attract C. annoy D. protect5. Jack is a diligent student. A. hardworking B. ambitious C. lazy D. slow6. A ship was reported to be in distress a few miles out at sea. A. disorder B. formation C. service D. danger7. You should cultivate the habit of reading carefully. A. invent B. begin C. develop D. initiate8. Merge the following two short sentences into one new sentence. A. Split B. Combine C. Break D. Divide9. His handwriting is flowing and graceful. A. pleasing B. formal C. informal D. flowery10. The sisters cant tolerate each other.A. bear B. hate C. like D. criticize11. The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. A. pull out B. repair C. take D. dig12. The childs abnormal behavior puzzled the doctor.A. funny B. frightening C. repeated D. unusual13. Gunpowder was used extensively in firearms prior to 1990.A. in B. around C. from D. before14. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.A. sufficiently B. noticeably C. intentionally D. absolutely15. Foreign money can be converted into the local currency at this bank.A. altered B. changed C. bought D. sold第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断Survey Finds Many Women Misinformed about CancerSixty-three percent of American women think that if theres no family history of cancer, youre not likely to develop the disease, a new survey found. In fact, most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (美国妇产科医师学会), which sponsored the survey. “Too many women are dying from cancer,” Dr. Douglas W. Laube, ACOGs immediate past president, said during a Friday teleconference. “An estimated 200, 070women will die in the U.S. this year, and over 600, 078 women will be diagnosed with cancer, The results of this survey found a worrisome (令人担忧的) gap in womens know ledge about cancer.” Based on the findings, ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests. Although the survey found many misconceptions (错误观念) about cancer, 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the disease. However, only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk. And 10 percent said they hadnt done anything in the past year to lower their risk. Seventeen percent said they wouldnt change their lifestyles, even if changes would lower their cancer risk. Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer. Twenty percent said they didnt want to know if they had cancer. In response to these findings, ACOG will launch on Oct. 29 a new website-ProtectDetect：What Women Should Know about Cancer. The guide is designed to help women to take charge of their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer-and the lifestyle steps they can take to cut that risk.16. Many American women have a poor knowledge of cancer.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17. People with no family history of cancer are unlikely to develop cancer.A RightB Wrong C Not mentioned18. More women are dying from cancer than men in America.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19. Most American women know too little about how to lower their cancer risk.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20. Some American women are just unwilling to change their lifestyles.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21. Some American Women are too afraid of finding cancer to undergo screening.A RightB Wrong C Not mentioned22. ACOGs efforts to educate women about cancer will be greatly appreciated.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第三部分：概括大意与完成句子The Supercomputer Network1Recently, ten laboratories run by governments in different parts of the world have become linked. Their computers have been connected so they can “talk” to each other. This may not seem very dramatic news, but it is the beginning of a development that will increase the power of the Internet tremendously. 2The Internet is an interconnected（互联）system of networks that connects computers round the world and facilitates the transmission and exchange of information. The way that you use the Internet is by accessing this network. This depends on the power that your system allows you to use. The power of your computer is responsible for how fast you can download（下载）files, how much data you can store, etc. If your computer is old and slow, accessing the information can be very difficult. 3The new development in information technology has been called “the grid” （网格技术）, and it will be a network of computers that are linked together. The “grid” will work in a different way from the Internet, enabling you to get the power of the biggest computers in the world on your computer. Accessing the information will no longer depend on the power of your computer. The idea is that while you access information, you will also have access to the power of the bigger computer stations. 4One advantage of this revolutionary idea is that geographical location will become irrelevant. The “grid” will decide which are the best parts of a worldwide network to do the job you want. This means that you may be accessing a computer in Japan to solve a problem in Alaska. 5The “grid” can be compared to having an efficient personal assistant. You can give your assistant a task and“he”will do it for you. The assistant will do the preliminary research, collect the data, compare them and decide on the best course of action by accessing any of the computer centres in the “grid” that happen to have the relevant information. All you have to do is assign the task, sit back and wait. 6 At present, possible applications of the“grid”in scientific research are being explored. While it has taken about fifteen years for Internet use to become widespread, experts believe that the “grid” could be up and running for private individuals far more quickly. Scientists working on“grid”projects are convinced that it will be as widely used as the web in the next ten years. A A new era for the InternetB HOW does the “grid” work?C Power sharedD Just make a requestE Limitations of present Internet useF Distance is not a problem23 Paragraph 2_E_24 Paragraph 3_A_25 Paragraph 4_F_26 Paragraph 5_B_27 Traditionally the power of your computer determines how fast you can access_E_.28 The “grid will enable you to get on your computer the power of _B_ in the world. 29 The “grid” would be like _F_, who can perform your tasks efficiently.30 It is believed that the widespread use of the “grid will become possible in the next_D_.Afifteen yearsBthe bigger computer stationsCthe advantageDten yearsEinformationFyour personal assistant第四部分：阅读理解第一篇 Credit Card Only Works When Spoken toA credit card that will not work unless it hears its owners voice could become an important weapon in the fight against fraud(欺骗)The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in Voice-recognition chipThe idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using someone elses credit card details to buy goods onlineA model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica，California，represents the first attempt to pack a microphone。a loudspeaker，a battery and a voicerecognition chip into a standard-sized credit cardThey are not quite there yet：the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card，but it is still about three times as thickThe company now plans to make it thinnerThe voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud in online transactions This earlier card has no microphone，but has a builtin loudspeaker that it uses to“squawk”(发出叫声)a voice ID signal via a computers microphone to an online serverBy verifying(证实)that the signal matches the card details，the server can establish that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to handThe ID code changes each time the card is used in a preordered sequence that only the server knowsThis prevents fraudsters recording the beeps，noting the card details and then playing back the audible ID when they key in the details later. But this earlier technology cannot prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards. The new one can.The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawkbut it will not do this until it has verified the legitimate(合法的)users spoken password .Thieves will be unable to use the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the owners voice with a high degree of accuracy.The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry that Can be powered by a mini battery embedded(嵌入的)in a credit cardTo maximize battery life，the electronics are only switched on when the card is being usedPressing a button on the cards surface prompts it to utter “Say your password ”in female voice. If the voicerecognition software proves that the password is authentic(真实的)，it sends its ID squawk which the server then identifies，allowing the transaction to proceed.31 The voice credit card is an important invention becauseA it can be made cost-effectively B it can leave voice messages，C it makes online shopping easy D it makes fraud difficult32 What is the problem which the model card?A It is too large B It is too thickC It cant be used in online transactions D It doesnt have a loudspeaker33 Which of the following statements about the earlier card is true?A Its owner can change the ID code freelyB Its user does not need to key in the ID numberC It can record its users spoken passwordD It still can be used by someone else after being stolen34 What is the advantage of the new voice card?A It recognizes only its owners spoken passwordB It doesnt need to work with an online serverC It requires less ID information D It has a playback function35 What can we learn from the last paragraph about the voice card?A Only female voice passwords could be recognizedB Further improvement should be made to extend battery lifeC There is no limit to its application D Female customers like to use it第二篇 Scientists Make Sweet Discovering Good news for chocoholics：the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you， according to American researchers at the University of CaliforniaChocolate contains substances called flavonoids(类黄酮) that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulationThe researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate once in a while may contribute to a healthy diet. Chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins(内啡肽) in the body：these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy. But who fist discovered this wonderful way of keeping healthy ? The Olmec Indians of Mexico and Central America were the first to grow cocoa beans，in about1500 BC，and the Mayas were drinking unsweetened coca hundreds of years before it became fashionable in Europe The word chocolate comes from the Nahuatl word xocolati , which means “bitter water”.In 1544，a delegation of Mayan nobles visited Philip of Spain and gave him jars of cocoa as a giftCocoa soon became fashionable in Spain and PortugalThe Spanish were the first to add sugar to their cocoa drink In the 17th century , chocolate was becoming fashionable with middle-classes, not only as a drink but also as a medicine.By the middle of the century，solid chocolate was becoming familiarIn 1753,a Swedish scientist renamed cocoa the obroma or “food for the gods”. In 1765，James Baker and John Hanan opened the first chocolate mill in the United States，introducing chocolate to the average citizenIn 1876，in Switzerland，Daniel Peter had the idea of adding milk in the chocolate-making process and produced the first milk chocolate Since then，chocolate has grown enormously in popularityOne of the biggest chocolate-eating nations is Britain where the average man，women，and child eats nine kilos of chocolate a yearIn fact，chocolate is the number one comfort food and there are more “chocoholics” in Britain than anywhere else in the worldResearchers warn that although chocolate is good for you，it should be eaten in small quantities_ and with no added milk 36Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation? AIt reduces pain and stress BIt contains substances called flavonoids CIt releases endorphins in human body DIt acts like aspirin to protect heart 37When cocoa was first introduced to Europe_，it soon became fashionable Aas a drink Bas a gift Cas food Das a medicine 38What does James Bakers and John Hanan do about chocolate? AThey produce the first mild chocolate BThey introduce chocolate to Europe CThey add sugar to make chocolate bars D. They make chocolate accessible to average man 普通人39Which is the following statement is not true according to the passage? AChocolate contains substances that make people feel happy BChocolate is good for health if it is eaten with added milk CEating chocolate occasionally contributes to a healthy diet DChocolate is loved by millions of people worldwide 40What is the authors tone about eating chocolates? Aambiguous Bnegative Cpositive Dhumorous 41B解析本题是细节考查题。原题是：为什么巧克力对心脏和血液循环有益。原文是：巧克力中含有一种叫类黄酮的物质，它能维护心脏的健康并促进血液循环。选项A它可以减少痛苦和压力；选项B它含有一种叫做类黄酮的物质；选项C它在人体内释放内啡肽；选项D它能起到像阿司匹林一样的保护心脏的作用。因此只能选B。 42B 解析本题是细节考查题。原题是：可可第一次作为什么被引入欧洲并迅速流行起来?原文是：1544年，一个玛雅贵族代表团觐见西班牙国王菲利普时送给他一罐可可作为礼物。选项A作为一种饮料；选项B作为礼物；选项C作为食品；选项D作为一种药。因此只能选B。 43D 解析本题是细节考查题。原题是：那件事是James Baker和John Hanan做的有关巧克力的事。原文是：1765年，James Baker和and J0hn Hanan在美国开办了第一个巧克力作坊，将巧克力介绍给了普通人。选项B将巧克力引入欧洲；选项C他们给巧克力棒加入糖；选项D他们使普通人也能吃到巧克力；选项A他们制造了第一块口味柔和的巧克力。因此只能选D。 44B 解析本题是细节考查题。原题是：根据文章所述，如下哪个说法是不正确的? 原文是：研究者们警告虽然巧克力对我们有好处，但应该少量食用而且不应另加奶。选项A 巧克力含有让人感到快乐的物质；选项B吃加糖的巧克力对身体有利；选项c偶尔吃巧克力对身体有益；选项D巧克力为全世界成百上千万的人们所喜爱。因此只能选B。 45C 解析本题是阅读理解能力考查题。原题是：作者对于吃巧克力的语气是什么样的?选项A模棱两可的；选项B否定的；选项C肯定的；选项D幽默的。从题目和文中总体内容可见，这篇文章说明吃巧克力的好处，虽然在后面提出吃巧克力时的注意事项但不影响作者肯定的语气，因此只能选C。 第三篇（教材）按自己类别选做一篇，有时间学员可都做一下综合ALife as a Movie ExtraOrdinary people have always been attracted to the world of movies and movie stars. One way to get closer to this world is to become a movie extra. Although you have seen movie extras, you may not have paid attention to them. Extras are the people seated at tables in a restaurant while the two main actors are in conversation. They are the guests at the wedding of the main characters. They are the people crossing the street while “the bad guy is being chased by the police. Extras dont normally speak any lines, but they help make the scenes look real1.Being a movie extra might seem like a lot of fun. You get to see what life is like behind the scenes. But dont forget that being an extra is really a job, and its mostly about doing nothing. First-time extras are often shocked to learn how slow the process of movie making is. In a finished movie, the action may move quickly. But it can sometimes take a whole day to shoot a scene that appears for just a few minutes on the screen. 第 6 页 共 46 页The main requirement for being an extra is the ability to wait. You may report to work at 5 or 6 a. m.，and then you wait until the director is ready for your scene. This could take several hours. Then there may be technical problems, and you have to wait some more. After the director says “action”and you do the first “take”，you may have to do it again if he or she is not satisfied with the scene. In fact, you may have to do the same scene over and over again. You could be on the set for hours, sometimes waiting outdoors in very hot or cold weather.2 You may not be finished until 11 p. m. or midnight. The pay isnt good, either often only a little bit above minimum wage. And you must pay the agent who gets you the job a commission of about 10 percent. So who would want to be a movie extra? In spite of the long hours and low pay, many people still apply for the job. Some people truly enjoy the work. They like being on a movie set, and they enjoy the companionship of their fellow extras. Most of them have flexible schedules, which allow them to be available.3They may be students, waiters, homemakers, retired people, or unemployed actors. Some unemployed actors hope the work will help them get real acting jobs, but it doesnt happen often. Most people in the movie industry make a sharp distinction between extras and actors, so extras are not usually considered for large parts.The next time you see a movie，dont just watch