大学英语一试卷(A).docx

武汉纺织大学继续教育学院2011年-2012年第一学期期末考试试卷大学英语一试卷(A)专业: 专科所有专业 姓名: 学号:题号一二三四五六七八总分阅卷教师题分一、Part Reading Comprehension (45%)Directions: There are several passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:If an animal is moved from its home in the tropics to cold climate, it will die if it is not kept warm. And animals accustomed to cold climates will die if they are moved to the tropics. Many plants, too, will die if they are removed from the place where they normally grow and are transplanted into an unfamiliar soil. Almost every species is adapted to life in a particular place by its organs and their functions and by its permanent habits. The specialized adaptation has great advantages. For it enables many organisms to survive under different conditions. It also has disadvantages, for it means that the life of most species is controlled by local conditions. Living things are not scattered over the earth at random; most species havedefinite habits for living places. Ecology is the study of how organisms live in their environment. This means finding out how an organism survives and reproduces in certain surroundings. By environment we mean not only the soil and the climate but also the living things of the same species and other species, plant or animal.Most living things are slaves to their environment. Some can alter certain features of their environment to suit themselves; a beaver (海狸), for example, can make ponds by building dams; many birds and insects can build elaborate nests to provide shelter for their young. But these skills are restricted and highly specialized. Most organisms must adapt their bodies to fit in with their surroundings, and since they can adapt only for particular surroundings, they are found only in places where they can live successfully with the least effort. Plants find these favorable places by trial and errors. The wind carriestheir seeds and spores (芽孢) great distances. If the seeds land in a favorable environment they grow and reproduce. If they are deposited in an unfavorable environment they die. Animals, on the other hand, search until they find a favorable environment.1.The main idea of this passage can be summarized as: _. A) Different habits of animals and plantsB) Living things and their surroundings C) Plants and animals: slaves of their surroundings D) Animals ability to adapt themselves to their surroundings2.What is meant by adaptation? A) The ability of living things to survive in a particular place under difficult conditions. B) The control of most species of living things by local conditions. C) The ability of living things to get familiar with their surroundings.D) The permanent habits of most living things.3.Living things can adapt themselves to their surroundings mainly through _. A) their organs and the organs specific functions D) Both A and B B) their specialized permanent habits C) their least effort in living conditions .4.Animals are different from plants mainly in that _. A) they can more or less alter their surroundings B) their organs are highly specialized to their surroundings C) they are looking for a favorable environment for their survival D) they usually have their own local living conditions5.Implied but not stated: _. A) Animals are not completely restricted or confined to their surroundings B) Plants are completely confined to their surroundings C) Surroundings sometimes can easily be altered by animals D) The specialized adaptation is very important for animals, plants as well as human beingsQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:One thing the tour books dont tell you about London is that 2,000 of its residents are foxes. They ran away from the city about two centuries ago after developers and pollution moved in. But now that the environment is cleaner, the foxes have come home. The number and variety of wild animals in urban areas is increasing, says Gomer Jones. A survey of the wildlife in New Yorks Central Park last year counted 14 species of mammals (哺乳动物). A similar survey conducted in the 1890s counted only five species. Several changes have brought wild animals to the cities. Foremost is that air and water quality in many cities have improved as a result of the 1970s pollution-control efforts. Meanwhile, rural areas have been built up, leaving many animals on the edges of suburbs. In addition, urban wildlife refuges (庇护所) have been created. The Greater London Council last year spent $750,000 to buy land to build 10 permanent wildlife refuges in the city. As a result, many birds are now living in the city. For peregrine falcons (游隼) cities are actually safer than rural cliff dwellings. By 1970 the birds had died out east of the Mississippi because of the DDT that hadmade their eggs too thin to support life. That year, scientist Tom Cade of Cornell University began raising the birds for release in cities, for cities afforded plenty of food.Cities can attract wild animals without turning them harmful. The trick is to create habitats where they can be self-sufficient but still be seen and appreciated. Such habitats can even be functional. In San Francisco, thelocal government is testing different kinds of rainwater control basins to see not only which ones retain the cleanest water but which will attract the most birds.6.The passage is primarily concerned with _. A) wildlife returning to large cities B) foxes returning to London C) wild animals living in zoos D) a survey of wildlife in New York7.It can be inferred from the passage that _. A) Londoners are putting more and more wild animals into their zoosB) Londoners are happy to see wild animals return to their city C) Londoners are trying to move wild animals back to the countrysideD) Londoners have welcomed the wild birds, but found foxes a nuisance8.According to the passage, the number of species of wildlife in New Yorks Central Park _. A) is slowly decreasing D) has more than doubled in the twentieth century C) is on the same level as before B) competes favorably with other cities 9.Which of the following is NOT a reason that wildlife is returning to thecities? A) Air and water quality has improved in the cities. B) Wildlife is appreciated in the cities C) Food is plentiful in the cities. D) Wildlife refuges have been built in the cities.10.The word habitat (Sentence 2, Paragraph 4) here means _. A) a building for keeping wild animals B) a garden for growing plants C) a place for animals to live naturally D) a park where live animals are exhibited Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:In some classes and at some schools, mid-terms seem to be almost non-existent. The phrase is used loosely to represent a short period of time occurring closer to the first day of classes than to finals with no specific calendar designed for it. Some classes require so many exams and papers that a mid-term never really happens. Other courses dont give any exams at all; they require written assignments only. Nevertheless, there still exist a sizeable number of schools and curricula that rely on the traditional mid-term/final peaks in the semester to assess student performance. The mere fact that mid-terms are intended to monitor ones understanding of a subject mid-way through the term carries a heavy burden for most students. At one end of the spectrum, students who perform well on their mid-terms tend to then study with far less consistency for their final exams thus reducing their overall grade for the course. On the other end of that same spectrum, students who perform poorly on a mid-term often becomepsychologically negative: viewing the rest of the semester as a hopeless void. Almost immediately upon receiving their mid-term grade, theyrealready looking at the course syllabus, trying to compute what their finalgrade will be if only they can score on their final and on other relevant assessments. Of course, to avoid becoming a victim of negative mid-term psychology on either end of the spectrum, it is recommended that you should work hard to do very well on your mid-semester exams. Plan in steps. Too many students only loosely understand their subject material and then attempt to learn it all on their own one week before or even one night before an exam. But this tactic (技巧) rarely works! Ease the anxiety of mid-terms by covering whatever you learned in the previous class and study that material. In the long run, thistactic really takes less time than the night before cram session.11.For most students, mid-term exams _. A) are almost non-existent B) are a heavy burden C) just written assignments D) not important to them12.Students who _ would worry more about the final exams. A) score high on mid-exams B) do well in other performances C) perform poorly on mid-exams D) know how to compute the final scores13.The biggest problem students with poor performance have after mid-examsis _. A) their low scores on mid-exams B) stress and anxiety about final assessment C) how to calculate the final scores D) how to prepare for the final exams14.To excel at your study, you are suggested to _. A) study before exams B) be confident in yourselves C) treat each class seriously D) relax before exams15.Before each class, _. A) review all you have learnt before B) focus on what youve learnt last time C) preview the lessons D) do self-checkQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage: When we think of creative people the names that probably spring to mind are those of men such as Leonardo da Vinci, Albert Einstein, and Pablo Picasso,i.e., great artists, inventors and scientists a select and exceptionallygifted body of men with rare talent and genius. The tendency to regard creativity and imaginative thinking as the exclusive province of a lucky few disregards the creative and imaginative aspects inherent in the solution of many of the tasks we regularly have to face the discovery and development of new methods and techniques, the improvement of old methods, existing inventions and products. Everyone has creative ability to some extent. Creative thinking involves posing oneself a problem and then originating or inventing a solution alongnew and unconventional lines. It involves drawing new analogies（类比）, discovering new combinations, and/or new applications of things that are already known. It follows, then, that a creative person will exhibit great intellectual curiosity and imagination. He will be alert and observant with a great store of information which he will be able to sort out and combine, in the solution of problem. He will be emotionally receptive to new and unconventional ideas and will be less interested in facts than in their implications. Most important of all he will be able to communicate uninhibitedly and will not be too concerned about other peoples reaction to his apparently crazy notions. People called the Wright brothers mad but it did not stop them from becoming the first men to construct and fly a heavier-than-air craft.16.The author believes that creative thinking _. A) is possessed by some great artists and scientists B) requires rare talent and genius C) is needed in the solution of many problems D) belongs to a lucky few17.In order to solve scientific problems, people _. A) have to possess crazy notions B) should not attach too much importance to facts C) should be able to express themselves clearly D) should use imagination and dont care about what others might think of them18.Creative thinking involves _. A) drawing new pictures of old things B) observing the actions of great people C) finding the problem and originating a solution D) storing information19.A creative person must look at facts _. A) as they are B) for what they imply C) and remember them D) which are interesting20.In this passage, “unconventional” means _. A) not political B) unacceptable C) not ordinary D) uninhibited二、Part Vocabulary and Structure (20%)Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.21. Youd rather work than play, _? A) do you B) would you C) dont you D) wouldnt you22. He was _ for the army because of his poor eyesight. A) rejected B) returned C) accepted D) admitted23. Although Tom has a lot of difficulty, he ought to finish his work in time, _? A) ought he B) shouldnt he C) should he D) wouldnt he24. About three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ covered by the sea. A) is B) are C) have D) have been25. No one knows about how many elements it is that _ most of the substances we meet in everyday life. A) consist of B) are composed of C) make up D) are made up of26. No one was surprised at the change in Bank Rate, _ confidently expected by investors. A) having already been B) to have already been C) it having already been D) it to have already been27. To save money for my education, Mother often took on more work than _ for her. A) it was good B) what was good C) was good D) being good28. Sometimes children have trouble _ fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist. A) to separate B) separating C) for separating D) of separating29. Such crimes may be so complex that months or years go by before anyone _ them.A) discovered B) will discover C) would have discovered D) discovers30. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert _ it means standing in a queue all night. A) as if B) even if C) provided D) whatever31. The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel. A) has witnessed B) was witnessed C) witnessed D) is witnessed32. These two areas are similar _ they both have a high rainfall during this season. A) to that B) besides that C) in that D) except that33. They are nice boys and Im sure youll get on _ them very well. A) by B) with C) toward D) beside34. Im going to the theater tonight. So _.A) shall I B) am I C) do I D) I am35. It is necessary that the plan _ before Thursday. A) were fulfilled B) was fulfilled C) be fulfilled D) would be fulfilled36. Sailing down the Yangtze River, _. A) a terrible accident happened B) a boat collided with the ship C) the boat collided with a ship D) I saw a terrible accident to happen37. Helen apologized for _ the party. A) her not being able to attend B) her being not able to attend C) her being able not to attend D) not her being able to attend38. The strike was timed to _ with the party conference. A) coincide B) cooperate C) coordinate D) cope39. She tries to _ some money every month. A) set about B) set down C) set forth D) set aside40. I am sorry that he _ the offer. A) should refuse B) has refuse C) refuses D) should have refused41. I didnt know his telephone number; otherwise I _ him. A) telephoned B) had telephoned C) would have telephoned D) was telephoning42. She _ yesterdays test, but she didnt. A) should have studied B) would study C) might be studying D) must have studied43. The number of visitors from parts of Scotland, not including the Edinburgh, was, in fact, relatively small (19%), but exceeded the number of overseas visitors (16%) _. A) by a small margin B) by a large margin C) on a large scale D) by and large44. One of the differences between a bullet and a rocket is that ground control can change the course of the latter while it is still in _. A) toss-up B) flight C) launched out D) construction45. In social dancing, the participants dance for their own pleasure rather than for the _ of an audience. A) appreciation B) entertainment C) relaxation D) satisfaction46. Nothing can _ the Chinese people in their resolve to modernize theircountry. A) figure out B) keep up with C) stand in the way of D) conjure up47. It was because the applicant was too proud_ he failed in the interview. A) therefore B) that C) so that D) so48. When trapped in drifting sands, do not struggle, or you will be _ in deeper. A) absorbed B) pushed C) heaved D) sucked49. The appreciation of works of art is bound to be _ by a particular world outlook. A) formulated B) originated C) covered D) dominated50. She was complaining that the doctor was _ too much for the treatment he was givin