河北省秦皇岛市卢龙县高考英语阅读理解含语法填空练习（2） (2).doc

河北省秦皇岛市卢龙县2016高考英语阅读理解含语法填空练习（2）beginning college is exciting: new ideas to explore, new challenges to be met and many decisions to be made. your future begins here.however, you will find college life is different from your previous school environment. many of us can be easily overwhelmed(压垮) by the details of running a well-balanced life. while some of us may have the know-how, i guess there are more of us who can benefit from learning about the experiences of other who have walked the college halls before you.the following you may find of use about life on campus.1. plan well. there are so many new things to do at a new college or university, social and academic(学术的). give yourself time to make new friends and become familiar with the campus, but dont forget why you are there. give some time for social activities and manage your time wisely. 2. if you dont have a “system” for planning your time now (like a day time, a computer date book), get one. most of all, dont depend on your memory. 3. dont miss the guidelines, restrictions, rules and regulations of all kinds can usually be found in your student handbook. consider them well-balanced food for thought. what dates are important? what pieces of paper need to be handed in? what can/cant you do in your student residence(住处)? who has authority for what? what do you need to complete to graduate?4. write the word “study” on the walls of our bedroom and bathroom, and maybe it will help to write it on a piece of paper and stick it on the telephone, tv and the kitchen table. consider this you are paying thousands of dollars for courses. you pay every time you have to repeat or replace a course.1. what is the main purpose of the passage?a. to offer advice on college life.b. to explain why college life is exciting.c. to describe the importance of college life.d. to persuade you to go to college 2. from the passage, we can know .a. one will have more freedom at collegeb. one will make more friends at collegec. one prepares for ones future career and life at colleged. professors at college will provide you with many new ideas3. what is the probable meaning of the underlined word “know-how” (in paragraph 2)?a. an understanding of how things are going at college.b. a practical knowledge about how to behave and what to do at college.c. college halls where rules and regulations are presented.d. an environment completely different from the one youre used to.4. according to the passage, college students . a. neednt learn from those who went to college before themb. should spend as much time as possible on social activitiesc. should have a “system” for planning their timed. are supposed to repeat or replace at least one course【参考答案】14、acbc阅读理解。a recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the african elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species.the discovery was made by researchers at york and harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephantsthe asian elephant, african forest elephant, and african savanna elephant.once they obtained dna sequences (序列)from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with dna from modern elephants. they found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as asian elephants and mammoths.the scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the african savanna elephant and the african forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. the divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of asian elephants and woolly mammoths. this result amazed all the scientists.there has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.previously, many naturalists believed that african savanna elephants and african forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants significant size differences. the savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. the savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. but the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. however the proof lay in the analysis of the dna.alfred roca, assistant professor in the department of animal sciences at the university of illinois, said, “we now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. since 1950, all african elephants have been conserved as one species. now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”本文讲述了一项新的科学发现：通过对非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象dna的鉴定，科学家们得出结论：它们是两种不同的物种。我们要保护这些珍稀动物。1one of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of _athe asian elephant bthe forest elephant cthe savanna elephant dthe mastodon elephant 答案：d。细节理解题。由第3段第一句话“.two fossils，mammoths and mastodons.”可知d项正确。2the underlined word “divergence”in paragraph 4 means “_ ”aevolution bexhibition cseparation dexamination 答案：c。词义猜测题。科学家门一直在证明非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象是两种不同的物种，他们之间的分歧使科学家们大为惊讶。3the researchers conclusion was based on a study of the african elephants _.adna bheight cweight dpopulation答案：a。细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“however the proof lay in the analysis of the dna”可知。4what are alfred rocas words mainly about?athe conservation of african elephants.bthe purpose of studying african elephants.cthe way to divide african elephants into two units.dthe reason for the distinction of african elephants.答案：a。推理判断题。由文章最后一段“.for conservation purposes”可知a项正确。5which of the following can be the best title for the passage?anaturalists beliefs about elephantsbamazing experiments about elephantscan unexpected finding about elephantsda long scientific debate about elephants答案：c。主旨大意题。全文讲述了关于非洲大象的一项意外的发现。【2015高考复习】阅读理解 as china becomes increasingly urbanized (城市化的)，it has to find space for its urban and rural citizens as both groups become increasingly integrated. experts suggest a possible model way may be reinventing a “garden city”chinas megacities are bursting at the borders and the country is now undergoing the quickest and biggest urbanization in the history of mankind. it is estimated that by 2025, china will have 400 million more people living in its cities, raising its urban population to 900 million. besides, new satellite towns are mushrooming on the urban fringes while city ring roads are rippling outwards into the countryside at amazing speed. satellite maps collected by professor joshua bolchover at the university of hong kong bring the problem sharply into focus. they track the changing ruralurban framework in the past 30 years, and suggest that cities are cruelly destroying surrounding rural land and rapidly reducing the amount of arable(可耕种的)land, which gives way to new residential blocks, new industrial zones, new financial centers and the other inevitable signs and signatures of economic growth.this, however, is not sustainable growth pattern, especially when china has the worlds largest population to feed. so concerned urban planners are starting to note the social and physical effects of diaspora(大移居)when replaced rural communities are forced into the cities.on the other hand, a trend of thought is gradually taking shape and this is the concept of the “garden city”， a combination of country and city that is being proposed by architects and city planners. hua li, from tao architects, is among the many professionals with such a voice. his argument is supported by a longterm study on this subject. as hua says, the answer is to preserve patches of productive farmland within urban boundaries. less transportation means we have fresh agricultural products at lower costs and less carbon emission in the city. and urban farmland can also be showcased for agricultural tourism and education.the concept is already practiced at grass roots level.agriculture has gone into the air, up to roof and balcony in some communities in the cities. its common to see organic “hanging garden” on the roof of some traditional courtyard home. according to some people, the rooftop project translates into practical benefits, such as safe, nutritious vegetables and a cooler home in summer. some say thanks to the tomatoes they plant that are natural insect killers, therere fewer mosquitoes. apart from these, it also contributes to better bonding with neighbors. zhang, a doctor in beijing, began creating his hanging garden five years ago. since his garden became home to 30 kinds of vegetables and fruitall enough to feed his family, neighbors have enjoyed dropping by for a relaxing chat or just to see how well the lovely vegetables and fruit are growing.although people like zhang are still rare and the greening of roof space with vegetables and fruit takes skill and energy，with more positive media exposure and advanced technology there is the prospect that garden city will become common practice in the near future. by then, cities will no longer look so gray when seen from the satellites.【语篇解读】 中国的城市化进程不断加快，这是一个我们不得不面对的现实。如果不能较好地应对，这对我们来说将是个灾难。城市和农村将如何融合共生？1some experts suggest reinventing a “garden city” because_.ait is the only model way to save the citiesbit helps stop destroying the rural areascincreasing urbanization takes place in chinadchina has the largest population to feed解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句的内容可知，专家提议重建花园城市是因为中国的城市化进程在不断加快。答案c2what is the purpose of paragraph 2?ato show the experts concern about the increase of population.bto persuade people into supporting economic growth in cities.cto explain the reasons for the change of ruralurban framework.dto inform the readers of the consequences of quick urbanization.解析推理判断题。根据第二段的描述可知，中国城市化进程不断加快，由此导致可耕地的大面积减少。故第二段的目的在于告知读者城市化进程所带来的后果。答案d3in hua lis opinion, a combination of country and city will_.abenefit the environment and lower living costsbbecome a project that needs a longterm studyclead to more rural communities being replaceddattract more farmers to take tours in cities解析细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“less transportation means we have fresh agricultural products at lower costs and less carbon emission in the city.”可知，城乡结合既保护了环境又降低了生活成本。答案a4as for the concept of the“garden city”，the writer feels_.adesperate bhopefulcdisappointed dconcerned解析态度意图题。根据最后一段中的“there is the prospect that garden city will become common practice in the near future”可知，作者认为花园城市的构想是可行的，在不久的将来会成为现实，故作者对此充满希望。答案b【2013届广东省高三上期末华附、省实、广雅、深中四校联考】this is an old tale. its the story of the three little pigs and the big bad wolf that blew down a house made of straw and one made of sticks. the only house left standing was the one made of bricks. now there is new evidence to suggest that houses built with bales of straw can be very strong. they are also environmental. pete walker is a professor at the university of bath in britain. he and a team of researchers there have built a house made out of straw bales and hemp material. during the next twelve months the team will study the effectiveness of these materials in home building. professor walker says there are many good reasons for using straw. professor walker says that one of the benefits is that its a relatively inexpensively renewable material thats readily available. according to professor walker, straw takes in carbon dioxide as it grows. so it can be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment. he says straw helps the environment in other ways. professor walker: “the straw bale walls are relatively thick and so all that straw provides very good thermal(of heat) insulation. so we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer. so they require very little additional energy.” professor walker says this reduces home operating expenses. it also reduces the effect on the environment. he says the current interest in straw bale houses is a direct response to the problem of climate change. david lanfear owns an eco-friendly home building service in the united states called bale on bale construction. he says he laughed when some friends first told him about houses built of straw. but after doing his own research, he learned that building with straw bales made a lot of sense. he has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. to build the houses, he fills a wood frame with tightly packed bales of straw. next he coats the walls inside and out with layers of clay plaster. he says the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire. mr. lanfear says straw bale houses have done well when tested for fire resistance. and he says his builders use the same building methods as traditional builders to keep out rain. david lanfear: “we use what we call good shoes and a good hat, and that would be a solid foundation and a really good roof.”46. the function of the story in the first paragraph is to _.a. amuse the readersb. introduce the topic of this passage c. help the readers to recall their childhood memoryd. remind the readers that bricks are no longer the best choice for building 【答案】b【解析】推理判断题。根据用这个寓言故事来引出下文，因为它们有相同之处都是叙述的房子的问题，故选b。47. which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word “insulation” in paragraph six? a. protection b. condition c. transmission d. expansion 【答案】a【解析】词义猜测题。根据the straw bale walls are relatively thick及so we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer.可以猜出厚厚的草起保护的作用，故选a。48. whats david lanfears attitude towards the straw houses at last?a. doubtful b. approving c. defensive d. negative 【答案】b【解析】推理判断题。根据he has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. 最后david lanfear是同意接受了用草做成的房子的。故选b。49. which of the following is not the advantage of the house built with straw bales?a. it is environmentally friendly.b. the supply of its building materials is easily guaranteed.c. it is comparatively economical.d. it is free from fires.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据so it can be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment.这种房子是环保的，选项a符合原文；thats readily available.这些草是可以再生的，更新快，所以房子的原料是可以保证的，选项b符合原文；its a relatively inexpensively renewable material thats readily available. 这种房子是经济适用，花费不多，选项c符合原文；以上都是草屋的优点，只有选项d没有提到，故选d。50. which of the following is not true according to the passage?a. professor walker is still not very sure about whether the straw bales and hemp material are as useful as they expect.b. according to professor walker, climate change contributes to peoples present attention to straw bale houses. c. peoples idea about the straw houses remains the same.d. the straw bale house built by david lanfear share the same method to keep out rain as the traditional ones. 【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire.人们的对于草房子的观点不可能完全一致，故选c。语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】kelly：hi, mr.adams? mr.adams：ah, yes. you must be kelly. thanks for coming. kelly：here is my card. mr.adams：oh，it is hard_1_(find) a good babysitter on a friday night. kelly：well, i like_2_(watch)kids, and i need the extra money. mr.adams：well, i_3_(hear)you were one of the best_4_ in the area, and. kelly：uh, well, id like to talk to you about my new rate increases. mr.adams：rate increases? kelly：you see, mr.adams. ive consulted with my_5_(finance) advisor. mr.adams：what? kelly：uh, my mother, and she says i_6_charge more per child since i do cook and clean your house while youre_7_. mr.adams：oh, i see. so, what do you have in mind? kelly：well, as i see it，id like to ask a dollar more per child per hour, and overtime after midnight. _8_(base) on my calculations, thats only 10.23% above the going market, and im now a certified babysitter_9_training. mr.adams：oh, i never knew there were courses and certifications in babysitting. kelly：times are changing, mr.adams.i have to figure in expenses for a benefit package to cover college tuition, retirement, and so on. well, i will tell my mother_10_to do. 1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1to findit is hard to do sth.做某事很困难。2watchinglike doing喜欢做某事，用ving形式表示抽象的概念。3heard考查时态，此处用一般过去时。4babysitters由下文中可知，此处是指babysitter，又由前面的one of可知，此处应用复数形式。 5financial此处用形容词形式作定语，修饰advisor。6shouldshould应当，应该(表一种责任或义务)。7away此处指不在家。8based此处用过去分词作定语。be based on以为基础。9with考查介词。with用，随着。10what此处用what作tell的宾语，同时又作do的宾语，具有双重作用。【2014高考英语福建省联考试卷】not long ago, few little girls imagined they could grow up to become astronauts. for years in the united states, on1y men had that opportunity . in 1983, that changed. sally ride made history by becoming the first american woman to travel to space.on monday, ride died at the age of 61, sally was a national hero and a powerful role model,”president barack obama said in a statement. “she inspired generations of young girls to reach for the stars.”ride became interested in space when she was