人教版新目标初二英语上第二单元--how often do you excercise？.doc

【教师寄语：Never say die. 永不放弃。】 How often do you exercise?【基础知识】一、重点句子解析：1.How often do you exercise?你（你们）多久锻炼一次身体？解析：How often +助动词do(does或did) +主语+ do sth?疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次)回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a monthEg)How often do you go to the factory? Twice a week.你们多久到工厂去一次？每星期两次。 新 课 标 第 一 网2.“What do you usually doonweekends?” “ I usually play soccer.”“周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球。”解析：第一个do为助动词,在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而第二个do则是实义动词。Eg1)What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.3.“Whats your favorite program?” “Its Animal World.”“你最喜欢什么节目？”“动物世界。”4.As forhomework , most students do homework every day .解析：as for.意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语如：As for him，I never want to see him here.至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her .解析：want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”；want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：注意：有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语，如：ask sb. to do sth.叫某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人去做某事新 课 标 第 一 网6.well,how about Tuesday?哦，那星期二怎么样啊 ？解析：How about?=What about ?，“怎么样”，用来向对方征求意见。如：Its very sunny today ,how/what about playing tennis?7.Twenty percent dont exercise at all.20%的学生根本不锻炼。解析：“notat all”“一点也不；根本不”如：He didnt do his homework at all yesterday.昨天他根本没有做作业。拓展：not at all “不客气”=you are welcome.如：-Thank you very much. -Not at all8. My eating habits are pretty good .解析：这里pretty相当于very。9.I try to eata lot ofvegetables , usuallyten to eleven times a week.解析：try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”try doing sth.表示“（用某一办法）试着去做某事”。如:10. Good food and exercise help me to study better.解析：这里better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级11.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyledifferent fromyours? 解析：be the same as be different from 12. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.解析：keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy13. That sounds interesting.解析：这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象）,grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：Eg1)It tastes good.这味道好。14. I think Im kind of unhealthy.我想我有点不健康。解析：kind of= a little a kind of一种15.Exercise such as playing basketball is fun.像打篮球这样的锻炼是有趣的。16.although=though虽然如：Although he is old, he is quite strong.=He is old, but he is quite strong.)解析：句子中，有although或though就不可再用but.与之类似的情况：有because就不能再用so. 17.She says its good for my health.她说它对我的健康有好处。解析：be good for对有益；其反义词组：be bad for对有害辨析：be good for“对有益”；be good at“擅长于”；be good with“和相处的好”；18.How come?怎么回事？解析：表示某件事很奇怪，有点想不通。可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问词why.但how come开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。如：How come you didnt tell me about it?=Why didnt you tell me about it?你怎么不早点告诉我这件事？【词语辨析.】1.注意sometimes与几个形似的词的区别。（1） sometime意为“在某个时候”，“某时”例：Will you come again sometime next week?（2） some time意为“一段时间”，例：I will stay here for some time.我将在这呆一段时间。（3）some times意为“几次，几倍”例：I met him some times in the street last month.上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。（4）sometimes意为“有时”=at times例：He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends.他有时周末去滑滑板。2.time意为“时间”时，为不可数名词。意为“次数，倍数”时，为可数名词。例1：What time is it?例2：I go to the movies three times a week.注意：1）“次数”的表达方法： 一次once；两次twice；三次或三次以上用基数词加上times：three times、five times、one hundred times.2）表示“几次”的表达方法是：once a day/ a week/ a month/ a yeartwice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year3.same与different解析：the same as与.一样be different from与.不同此外：different译为“不同的”，其后的可数名词应为复数形式。 different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。4.hard / hardly1）hard: adj.辛苦的，困难的 例He had a hard (adj.)time in the past. 新 课 标 第 一 网adv.努力，使劲地He workshard.他努力工作。2）结构：Its hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是难的。3）hardly:hardly是频度副词，表示几乎不，简直不。例子：I can hardly see it.我几乎看不到它。4）反意疑问句：Ithardlyrains here,doesit?5.how often / how long / how soon / how far1）how often:“隔多久一次”，指动作的频率，答语常用often, never, twice a week等表示频率的副词或短语。（用于一般现在时或一般过去时）2）how long: 1)“（延续）多长时间”，答语常用for时间段或since时间点。（用于各种时态）；3）how soon:“还要多久才，多久以后”，答语常用“in时间段”。（用于一般将来时）4）how far:“多远”，询问距离。6.句型“It is+adj.+(for sb)to do sth.和“It is+adj.+(of sb)to do sth.区别1）说人的用of sb.；of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。如：Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 2）说事的用for sb。for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词。如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, important, impossible等;如：Its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。7.across与through区别across为“横穿”，与“道路”交叉形成“十字”，即：从物体表面经过，如：过河、过桥、过马路。through为在立体空间中的“穿过”即：从物体内部经过，如：穿过森林、隧道。8. every day与everyday区别1）every day作状语，译为“每一天”。2）everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。9.stay up与stay up late区别1）stay up “熬夜、不睡觉”2）stay up late“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”【语法专项】频度副词。1.定义：表示抽象的次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。 常用的频度副词按频率发生的高低依次为alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomhardly evernever如：He hardly never exercises.他几乎从不锻炼。注意：表示具体的次数、频率时，一次用once，两次用twice，三次及以上用“基数词+times”表示。2.对频度副词提问时，用特殊疑问词how often。如：-How often do you exerxise? -Hardly ever.几乎从不。3.在句中的位置。1）一般放在实义动词前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。如：We never eat junk food.我们从来不吃垃圾食品。I can hardly say a word.我几乎说不出一句话来。He is sometimes very busy.他有时很忙。2）有些频