in case 条件、目的---连、副、介.doc

in case 用法 （连、副、介）（条件、目的）（一）in case作短语连词，可引导目的或条件状语从句。其一：(just) in case引导目的状语从句作“以免，免得，以备，以防”等解。多位于句未，如：1. He takes a torch in case it gets dark before he returns他带了手电筒，以备天黑以后回家之用。（为了不摸黑）2. Youd better take an umbrella in case it rains. 可能会下雨，拿把雨伞，以防万一。（为了不挨浇）3. Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 带着帽子吧，以免太阳光太强。（为了不刺眼睛）4. Ive bought a chicken in case your mother stays to lunch我买来一只童子鸡，以备你妈妈留下吃午饭。（为了款待）5. I decided to stay at home just in case my friends came round我决定留在家里，以防朋友们不期而至。（为了不让朋友白跑腿）6. I must stay at home this morning in case he comes to see me. 必须，恐怕他会来看我。7. Ill make some sandwiches in case you feel hungry on the journey我会做些三明治，免得你在旅途中饿着。（为了不挨饿）8. Buy one of his paintings now，in case they get more expensive现在就买下他的一幅画，以防他的画涨价。（为了不后悔）9. You must be quiet in case the fish are frightened（为了不让鱼受惊吓）10. Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting. （为了不迟到）11. Leave your key with a neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day. （为了不把自己锁在外面）12. Youd better keep a seat for her in case she should come.（为了让她有座）(也可用虚拟)13. I wrote it down in case/ for fear that I should forget it. 我已把它抄下了，免得忘记。其二：in case引导条件状语从句，意为“如果、万一”。多位于句首，如：1. In case he comes, let me know. 如果他来的话，告诉我一声。2. In case we fail，we wont lose heart万一我们失败，我们决不会失去信心。3. In case you get home before I do，could you start preparing dinner？如果你在我之前到家，你能不能动手做饭？4. In case theyre late，we can always sit in the bar要是他们来晚了，我们总可以在酒吧里坐一坐。5. In case you were thinking Id lend any money，Ill tell you knowI wont如果你以往认为我会借钱给你，这回对你说明白：我不借。6. Little Melanie，in case youve forgotten，hasnt forgiven you如果你忘记了，小梅兰妮是不会原谅你的。7. Add more coal in case the weather is cold如果天气冷，就添些煤吧。（句未）8. Henry will resign in case you drive him too hard. 如果你欺人太甚的话，亨利就会辞职不干。（二）in case作副词性短语，常置于句末，表示事先准备或预防措施，“以防万一” “以备急需”。只表示目的，如：1. She ought to be there in case他应在那儿等着，以防万一。2. I will keep some of these unused in case我要保留一些不用，以备急需。3. “I dont think theres any danger，”said the electrician，“but youd better switch the electricity off in case” 电工说，“我看没啥危险，不过你最好关上电闸，以防万一。”4. Im sure they havent forgotten but lets send them a reminder just in case我相信他们不会忘记，不过为防止万一，还是给他们发一封催促函吧。5. It may rain; youd better take an umbrella just in case. 6. The bus is usually on time，but start early，just in case那班汽车通常是准点的，但你还是早点动身，以防万一。（三）in case of是短语介词。（A）作目的状语时常置于句末，作“以免，以防”解；（B）作条件状语时常置于句首，作“如果，万一”解。但位置不是绝对的。（A） 目的状语1. The wall was built along the river in case of floods沿河筑起防护墙，以防洪水。2. You should keep a first-aid kit in the car in case of accident你应该在车里放一套急救用品，以备意外事故需用。3. Many shops along the route have boarded up in case of trouble这条干道上沿途有许多商店都用【木板钉上/玻璃门窗遮拦着】，以防止受到骚扰。4. I always put some money in my pocket in case of need. 我总是要在口袋里放一点钱以备需用。5. In case of rain I have an umbrella我带了把雨伞以防下雨。（句首）(B) 条件状语1. In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 如遇火灾，既按警铃。2. In case of rain they cant go. 万一下雨，他们就不能去了。3. In case of need，I can make a trip to Boston如有急事，我可以去趟波士顿。4. In case of difficulty，you can reach me at this number如果有困难，你可以拨这个电话号码找我。5. In case of my absence，some one will take my place如果我不到，将有别人代替。6. In case of my not being there，ask my brother to help you万一我不在那里，让我弟弟来帮助你。（四）其他搭配：1. in the case of“就.来说, 关于”，表示转而提及另一件事情。例：In the case of woman, they have more difficulty in their job. 就女性来说，她们在工作中会遇到更多的困难。2. in this case: 在这个场合3. in that case: 若是那样的话 例：You dont like this place? In that case, why dont you leave?（五）In case 的其他问题：1. 连词In case与for fear that目的：in case作“以防、以免”引导目的状语从句时，相当于for fear that 引导的表示原因的从句，可以通用。例如： a. I wrote it down in case/ for fear that I should forget it. 我已把它抄下了，免得忘记。b. I must stay at home this morning in case/for fear that he comes to see me. 我今天上午必须呆在家里，恐怕他会来看我。（不期而至）2. 介词In case of 与for fear of 介词宾语不同：作“提防”，“惟恐”这个意思讲，in case of 和for fear of 是同义词，但不一定能通用：in case of 只引导名词，for fear of 多半引导动名词短语。例：a. In case of fire, break the bottle. 如果发生火灾，请把瓶打破。（条件状语）b. I always put some money in my pocket in case of need. 我总是要在口袋里放一点钱以备需用。（目的状语）c. We came here for fear of being fined. （目的/原因状语）3. 连词In case与if语气： if引导条件状语句时，可用虚拟语气；in case引导条件状语句时，常用于陈述句，不常用虚拟语气，且意思不太一样：a. If I were to ask for leave, would she agree? 如果我请假，他会答应吗？b. In case I ask for leave, will she agree? 如果我请假，她会答应吗？主将从现：in case 引导的条状从和if真实条件句一样，遵循“主将从现”原则。例：a. In case the weather is fine tomorrow, we shall hold a meeting. 如果明天天气