深圳牛津新版七年级chapter3.doc

Chapter3 讲解和练习 一、名词一、可数名词和不可数名词 1名词复数的构成 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”或“-es”构成，其主要变法如下：（1）一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：bookbooks，girlgirls，boyboys，penpens,doctordoctors, boyboys。（2） 以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如：busbuses，classclasses，boxboxes，watchwatches，brushbrushes。但: stomachstomachs （3）以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：citycities, factoryfactories, countrycountries, familyfamilies。但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如：boyboys, daydays。（4）以o结尾的词多数都加-es。例如:heroheroes，negronegroes, potatopotatoes，tomatotomatoes,但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。例如：zoozoos，radioradios，还有某些外来词也只加-s，例如：photophotos，pianopianos。注意: zerozeros / zeroes（5） 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f为v再加-es，例如：knifeknives，leafleaves, halfhalves, shelfshelves , thiefthieves , 但: roofroofs , chiefchiefs , handkerchief handkerchiefs （6）少数名词有不规则的复数形式，例如：manmen，womanwomen，toothteeth，footfeet，childchildren，mousemice。【注意】与man和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women。例如：an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans；man, woman等作定语时，它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定，如：menworkers， women teachers。有个别名词单复数一样，例如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等。（7）单数形式但其意为复数的名词有：people, police等。（8）还有些名词仅有复数形式，如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，ashes，scissors，compasses。 ( 9) 可数名词当数量不止“一” 时, 要用复数形式。只修饰复数的词有: many , several , a few , a number of ,both以及不包括“一”的基数词, 2不可数名词“量”的表示方法在英语中，不可数名词一般只有单数形式，不能与a/an或数词连用。如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下两种方法：（1）用much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, some, any, a bit of , plenty of等表示，例如：The rich man has a lot of moneyThere is some milk in the bottleIs there any water in the glass？I dont like winter because theres too much snow and ice（2）用“数词+名词（量）+ of +不可数名词”这类定语，例如：a piece of paper/ wood/bread/news/meata bottle/glass of orange/ water/milk/juicea cup of tea/coffee a bag of rice 如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：two cups of teafour pieces of paperthree glasses of water一、 写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep 1.These _ have saved many childrens lives. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor2 -Are there any _ on the farm? -Yes, there are some. A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep3- They are thirsty. Will you please give them _ ? - Certainly.A. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters4There is some _ on the plate.A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears5The _ are going to fly to Beijing. A. Germen B. Germany C. Germanys D. Germans 6The little baby has two _ already.A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths7- Its dangerous here. Wed better go out quickly.- But I think we should let _ go out first.A. woman and children B. women and childC. woman and child D. women and children8I want to buy _ . A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks9. They dont have to do _ today . A. much homework B. many homework C. much homeworks D. many homeworks10. There are three_ and seven _ in the picture . A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps11. Here are _ for you, Sue . A. tomatos B. some tomatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato12. There are two _ in the room. A. shelf B. shelfs C. shelves D. shelfes 13. There is a lot of _ in the box . A. cake B. bags of cakes C. milk D. bags of milk14. The_ has two _ . A. boys; watches B. boy; watch C. boy; watches D. boys; watch15. Father went to his doctor for _ about his heart trouble . A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices 16、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photosC. is a photo D. is photos17. There are four and two in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, GermenC. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans18. The boys have got already.A. two bread B. two breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread19. The old man wants .A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of appleC. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples20. There some in the river.A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish21. There two in the box.A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches 用所给词的正确形式填空1. Many _ (Chinese) are working in foreign countries . 2. All the _ (run) are ready to run .3. There were some _ ( America) in the Tiananmen Square .4. You can find them on those _ (shelf) .5. I need two _ (cup) of _ (tea) .6. No news _ (be) good news .7. People all over the world _ (be) sad with his death8. Maths _ (be) an interesting subject .课文重点词语词组1. 保护2. 保护.免受.的侵害3. 地球4. 在地球上5. 地方6. 森林7. 山脉8. 平地9. 很多（修饰可数）10. 很多（修饰不可数）11. 很多（可数不可数都可以修饰）12. 不同13. 与.不同14. 植物15. 需要16. 阳光17. 住在陆地上18. 住在水里19. 像20. 提供21. 给某人提供某物22. 污染 名词、动词23. 燃烧东西24. 制造能量25. 在地下26. 杀死27. 停止正在做的事28. 停下来去做某事29. 为了我们的将来30. 也 填空 1 在地球上有森林，河流，山川和平地。 _ _ forests and rivers, mountains and fields _ _. 2 有很多不同的植物。 _ _ many _ plants. 3 地球上也有很多人像你和我。 _ _ also _ people _ you and _. 4 地球给我们提供空气水和食物。 The earth _ _ _ air ,water and food. 5 有很多污染。_ _ a lot of _.6 我们把垃圾排到海里和地下。We put _ into the sea and _ _ _.7 我们必须停止做这些事情。We must _ _ these things.8 对我们来讲为了我们的未来保护地球是很重要的。It is important for us _ _ the earth _ _ _.1 There are different _(animal) on Earth.2Water _ (be) very important.3 The company provides _ (we)many kinds of _(food).4 We must stop _(chat). We are having a class.5 I am very tired. Let me stop_(have) a rest.6. Waste water _(pollute) river. It is a kind of _(pollute).7. It is very good for _(we) _(study) English .8. The forests protect us _(of/from) sand storm.9. I came here _(help )you.请区分下列哪些词是不可数名词place forest plant water people air water food pollution energy rubbish thingADennis and Pat were thieves, and they often stole together. One day, Dennis wrote a letter to Pat. But the police got the letter. It reads: BNLDZS LHCMHFGS ZMC GZUD SGD SGHQSX ONTMCR VHSG XNT.Whats it about? How can you read it? The policeman were very quick. They studied the letter carefully and soon found out what they wanted.Now lets suppose(假设) you were a policeman Can you read Dennis letter? Maybe you need some help. When Dennis wanted a letter, he always wrote down the letter before it in the alphabet (字母表). Now can you read Dennis letter? What must Pat do? When? And what did Dennis want?根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。( ) 51. The letters before B and C are A and B. The letter before A and B are_A. B and C B. Z and AC. A and Z D. Z and B( ) 52. In the letter, Dennis asked Pat to come at _.A. noon B. midnightC. five oclock D. eight oclock( ) 53. The sentence “The policemen were very quick.” Means the policemen_.A. read the letter soon after they got it B. could run very fastC. were very brightD. were very careful( ) 54. Suppose Pat asked Dennis to “meet at the railway station”. What would he write?A. LDDW XS WKH UDLDZDB VSZSHNM.B. LDDS CV VJG TCKNYCA VCVKQPY.C. LDEU BU UIF QZHKVZX TUVUJPO.D. LDDS ZS SGD QZHKVZX RSZSHNM.( ) 55. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. A strange letter.B. A clever thief.C. A clever policeman.D. How to read a letter.BHumans have four blood types(血型). They are blood type A, B, O and AB. The table below shows all kinds of possible blood types of parents and their children. Mother ChildFatherABOABAA, OA, B, O, ABA, OA, B, ABBA, B, O, ABB, OB, OA, B, ABOA, OB, OOA, BABA, B, ABA, B, ABA, BA, B, AB根据以上内容，选择最佳答案。( ) 56. If both parents are blood type O, then their children must be blood type_. A. A B. B C. AB D. O( ) 57. If father is blood type A and a mother is blood type B, then their childrens blood type may be_. A. any blood type B. blood type A or B C. blood type O D. blood type A, B or AB( ) 58. If four children are blood type A, B, O, AB, their parents should be blood type_. A. A and AB B. A and B C. B and AB D. AB and AB( ) 59. If one parent is blood AB, his children cant be blood type_. A. A B. B C. AB D. O( ) 60. If a father is blood type AB, and his nine children only get blood type A and B, the mothers blood type is most likely(可能) to be blood type _. A. A B. B C. AB D. OCOne evening two young men walked in the street together. They tried to find a chance(机会) to steal something. It was twelve oclock. Most of the people went to bed. Quickly they came to a house, and everyone in the house seemed to fall asleep.Standing at the front gate, one man said in English to the other in a low voice, “You wait here. Ill go around to the back door and then get into the house.” Suddenly a dog ran out of the house, barking(吠叫) at them. The two men were very frightened and ran away as fast as they could. Finally, they stopped at a lonely(荒凉的) place. The man said breathlessly(气喘吁吁地), “Its too bad. I didnt expect that the dog could understand English.”根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。( ) 61. Why did the two men walk in the street one evening? A. Because they couldnt fall asleep. B. Because they wanted to steal something. C. Because they would like to take a walk. D. Because they went to visit their friends.( ) 62. Why did the man speak in a low voice? A. Because he didnt know English. B. Because he liked speaking quietly. C. Because he couldnt speak loud. D. Because he was afraid of waking others up.( ) 63. The dog ran out of the house and barked at them only because_. A. it understand English B. it knew them C. it found someone outside D. both B and C( ) 64. The underlined word “expect” means “_” in Chinese. A.期望 B.预料到 C.发现 D.知道( ) 65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. At last the two young men stole nothing. B. At last the two young men stole something. C. The dog understood English. D. At last the police arrested the two young men.If your TV set, or your washing machine, or any other thing breaks, you find it is often very difficult to find someone to mend(修理) it. Everybody wants to 41 you machines, but 42 want