翻译作业2孔子.doc

Confucius, his courtesy name Zhong Ni , was born in the state of Lu, in the Spring and Autumn Period of China 2500 years ago. He was the Chinese celebrated thinker, philosopher and the founder of the Hundred Schools of Thought philosophical movement, also reputed as “the Greatest Sage” and “Role Model for Teachers through the Ages”.He advocated the core value of “benevolence” and other handling principles such as “It is harmony that is prized in practicing the rules of propriety”, “seek harmony but not uniformity”, pursued the social ideal “Great harmony”, whose theories had pioneered the trend in Chinese culture during more than two thousand years ago. With the revision of Book of Songs and Book of History, the modification of Book of Rites and Book of Music the sequence of ZhouYi and works of Spring and Autumn Annals, he proposed the idea of “provide education for all people without discrimination”, which pioneered the tendency of education for common people. His ideas and theories were mainly compiled and reflected in Analects, which had a far-reaching impact on Chinese history. His thought, ways of thinking and value orientation from this book have been integrated into Chinese peoples soul and became the basic elements molded the whole nations characters. Confucius also contributed a lot to the normative order of urban civilizations for later generations.Sun Tzu, his surname Wu, revered as the soldiery saint and originator of oriental military strategies, was born in the state of Qi in warring states period of China, the author of the worlds first and potentially most long-lived work of military theory, The Art of War. There were only thirteen chapters left in this book with about 5000 characters, referring to the authors military strategic system of nave materialism and thoughts of dialectics. He stressed that it was the politics, economic power, diplomacy, military strength, natural conditions, etc that determined the war rather than the ghosts. The above-mentioned factors were very key to predict the result of war. Sun Tzu required people to give their full initiative and creativity, in order to make the unfavorable conditions develop towards the opposite direction. His remarkable theories presented a philosophy of war, exemplified by the idea of “dont go to a war blindly without the best military strategies” and settling political crisis by peaceful means.