六年级-there be-7-4.docx

There be句型本节讲解There be句型的内容：1、There be句型的肯定和否定形式2、There be句型的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句3、There be与havehas的区别1、There be句型的肯定和否定形式There be表示 “存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构，包括there is、there are、there was、there were。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语,也就是说there be结构的运用也就是倒装的具体运用。其真正的主语在there be 之后。（1）肯定句：There is/was a There are/were （2）否定句： There isnt/wasnt . There arent/werent. 注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree. （3）Some 和 any在there be句型中的运用 一般情况下， some用于肯定句中， any用于否定句中。如：There is some milk in the bottle.There arent any pictures on the wall.Is there anything new in todays newspaper?（4）and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。（5）在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is；主语是复数，be 动词用are；如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定“就近原则”。 如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)There is a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。There is a pen and two pencils in the box.There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.(6)there be sb./sth doing与there be sb./sth to do 有所不同：用doing表示一个正在发生的事情,而用to do 则表示一个滞后或迟于there be的动作。如：Look! There is a dog lying on the stairway. / Take your time. There is nothing for you to do tonight.(7)There be可以有现在时（there is/are）、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成时(there have/has been)；还可用there must be ,there cant be, there used to be等(8)there be 句型中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be ,等2、There be句型的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句（1）一般疑问句:-Is/Was there ? Yes, there is/was. No, there isnt/was. -Are there? Yes,there are/were. No,there arent/ werent.There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water?（2）特殊疑问句1) 针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： Whats + 介词短语？Whats in the basket? There are some eggs in it.There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room?2)针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？How many students are there in your class?There are fifty students.3) 对地点状语提问：提问地点当然用Where is / are+主语?啦！例如： There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 3、There be与havehas的区别（1）两个词都可以译为“有”, There be 句型表示“存在”的概念,在某地有某物（或人） ；而have、has、had表示的是“拥有”,某人拥有某物, 主语必须是人或者物（2）There be结构一般用在句子的开头，而have等词只能用于某一个主语后面。如：How many brothers and sisters do you h