20161012在原文原著中探索运用真实英语.doc

在原文原著中探索运用真实英语在原文原著中探索运用真实英语 之一 高考试卷 1D张铁城2016、10、12发送第二节 三个英语书籍报刊杂志文摘语篇的词汇级别统计（一）A Painting as a Pastime bySirWinstonChurchill词汇级别统计全文共计615个英语单词，其中：一级词汇502个，占81.62%；二级词汇32个，占 5.20%；三级词汇 22个，占 3.57%；级词汇 25个，占 4.06%；无级词汇34个，占 5.52%；一级、二级、三级词汇总计：556个，占90.40%。Painting as a PastimebySirWinstonChurchill(2008-07-09 18:16:23) A gifted American psychologist（） has said, Worry is a spasm of the emotion; the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go. It is useless（）to argue with the mind in this condition. The stronger the will, the more futile the task. One can only gently insinuate something else into its convulsive grasp（）. And if this something else is rightly chosen, if it is really attended by the illumination of another field of interest, gradually, and often quite swiftly, the old undue grip（）relaxes and the process of recuperation and repair begins.The cultivation（）of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man. But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will. The growth of alternative mental interests is a long process. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed.To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two（）or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say: I will take an interest in this or that. Such an attempt only aggravates the strain（）of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet hardly get any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. Broadly（）speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death. It is no use offering the manual（）labourer, tired（） out with a hard weeks sweat（）and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday（）afternoon. It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or business man, who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.As for the unfortunate people who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire（）for them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional satiation. In vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom（）by mere clatter and motion. For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful（）path.It may also be said that rational（）, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two（）classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite（）for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest（）forms. But Fortunes favoured children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony（）. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced（）interruptions（）in an absorbing vocation. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook（）, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion（）of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing（）it at intervals from their minds.（一）一级词汇统计：502个单词 【在这里，你将看到 “全国山河一片红”。】as a byA has said, is a of the the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go. It is to argue with the mind in this condition. The stronger the, the more the task. One can only something else into its. And if this something else is chosen, if it is really by the of another field of interest, and often quite, the old and the process of and begins.The of a and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man. But this is not a business that can be in a day or by a command of the. The of interests is a long process. The must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be tended, if the are to be at hand when needed.To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use late in life to say: I will take an interest in this or that. Such an attempt only the of effort. A man may great knowledge of with his work, and yet hardly get any benefit or It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are to death. It is no use offering the out with a hard weeks and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or on afternoon. It is no use the or the professional or business man, who has been working or worrying about serious things for days, to work or worry about things at the weekend.As for the people who can command everything they want, who can every and lay their hands on almost every of for them a new a new is only an. In vain they round from place to place, trying to from by and. For them in one form or another is the most path.It may also be said that, useful human beings are divided into classes: first, those whose work is work and whose is; and, those whose work and are one. Of these the former are the. They have their. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their, not only the means of but a for even in its simplest and most forms. But children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are as in an Yet to both classes the need of an of a change of, of a of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their are those who most need the means of it at from their minds.（二）二级词汇统计：32个单词 【在这里，你将看到 “蓝星点点无依靠”。】Painting will, attended, gradually, will. growth alternative mental fruits starting mental acquire topics daily relief. baseball inviting politician object pleasure, additional rush escape discipline pleasure pleasure; pleasure majority. pleasure alternative atmosphere, pleasure （三）三级词汇统计：22个单词 【在这里，你将看到 “粉色桃花随风飘”。】Sir Worry emotion; gently relaxes repair hobby undertaken mere seeds bored unfortunate excitement mere secondly, compensations. reward, keen Fortunes favoured absorbing intervals （四）（）级词汇统计：25个单词 【在这里，你将看到 “棕色麻袋尘埃闹”。】psychologist useless grasp grip cultivation two strain Broadly manual, tired sweat Saturday desire boredom hopeful rational two appetite modest harmony enforced interruptions outlook diversion banishing（五）无级别词汇统计：34个单词 【在这里，你将看到 “漫天黑词意难表”。】PastimeWinstonChurchillgifted American spasm futile insinuate convulsive rightly illumination swiftly, undue recuperation swiftly improvised sedulously vivifying aggravates unconnected toiled labourer, six trifling gratify caprice satiation. frantically avenging clatter industrious, sustenance, grudged vocation. （二）英多数学生书面表达能力差The writings on the wall Extract taken from a talk on the Royal Literary Funds report Writing Matters March 26, 2006 Education The Sunday Times（共计991个英语单词，参考消息刊译其中的296个英语单词。）全文共计999个英语单词，其中：一级词汇826个，占82.68%；二级词汇62个，占 6.20%；三级词汇 21个，占 2.10%；级词汇 45个，占 4.50%；无级词汇45个，占 4.50%；一级、二级、三级词汇总计：909个，占90.99%。The writings on the wall Extract（） taken from a talk on the Royal Literary Funds report Writing Matters March（） 26, 2006 Education The Sunday（）Times A worrying number of university students dont know how to structure a sentence, says Whitbread winner Hilary SpurlingSix years ago, an imaginative（）scheme was launched to place professional writers in universities nationwide（）. Their task? To offer students tuition（）in fundamental skills such as how to write a letter or an essay, how to draft a report or draw up a job application. It sounds innocuous enough but as soon as it launched the writers 130 working in 71 universities were astonished（）by the scale of the problem they uncovered（）. They found that most British students lack the basic ability to express themselves in writing. The single word that crops（）up more than any other in accounts of these writers experience is “shock”. So disturbing（）were our discoveries that we decided to carry out a survey of our writing fellows（）experiences over the six years and release it to the public. The individual accounts read like dispatches from a front line where students struggle（）to survive without basic training or equipment. One of the recurrent themes of the report is the confusion, embarrassment（）and fear endured（）by students who find themselves confronted（）with written assignments they dont understand and cant begin to tackle. The inability（）to write, based on lack of preparation and practice, destroys young peoples confidence. “Anxiety is at the heart of many of the problems students experience with their writing,” reports one of our writers. “Some of them have not been asked to write an essay or its equivalent（）for years, and few have ever been told how to do it in the first place.” Part of the trouble is that, until they reach university, most young people have never felt any need to write. They belong to a tick-box culture based on speeded-up electronic responses in education as in other fields. Children brought up on video games, PlayStations and the internet（）are masters（）of the search engine and the text message. They read little, if at all, and so have no models of more subtle（）, searching or expressive writing to set beside their own. “Good writing needs some sense of more than just the essay as a log of ticked boxes and bullet（）points,” reports another of our writing fellows（）. The problems apply across the whole range of ability, from students aiming for a first to those struggling（）to avoid a fail. Historians and English students find it as hard to express their ideas clearly as those learning science or IT（）. “What is worrying,” wrote one fellow（）, singling out three cases of particular distress, “is that these young people are students of English literature at an elite （） university. They ought to have attained（）, by this stage, a reasonably high level of written proficiency but . . . they have genuine difficulty in writing a basic English sentence.” The students essays are muddled and clumsily expressed. They dont know where to start, how to organise their subject matter or follow a coherent（）chain of thought. They suffer, as another fellow（）succinctly put it, from lexical nullity and syntactical bankruptcy（） their stuff is unreadable, and sometimes unintelligible as well. “Meagre vocabulary（）, slack phrasing, tortured（）syntax, incompetent punctuation: these . . . mean that teachers in higher education . . . spend an increasing amount of their time correcting grammar, spelling and punctuation, and trying to explain how an essay is meant to be structured（）.” Alas, the consequences of this woeful inability（）to write extend beyond the lecture theatre into the world of work, the world that students have been encouraged to believe they will enter on receipt of their degree. After all, applying for any job requires some sort of writing: from the most basic application form to a CV（）. “But students fail to grasp（）that the first impact they will make is on paper,” says one employer. “Even once employed, graduates（）who bring with them only the most elementary（）writing skills become more and more of a problem as they rise through an organisation.” Many large companies respond by setting up in-house training courses in basic written English. The difficulties facing smaller ones are summed up by the director of an engineering company in the Midlands: “Poor writing skills cost my business because I, and other senior management, have to spend time redrafting documents and letters. At senior level it costs the company, in terms of advertising（）and interviewing time, nearly 5,000 to take on a new employee. I have to make a choice between doing that and getting someone to hel