语法术语.doc

从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structrural word名词noun专有名词proper noun 普通名词 common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb系动词link verb 代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question祈使句imperative sentence 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object 补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive 状语adverbial并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction非限制non-restriction 时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense 现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood 陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood 倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech 一致ag