大学英语新理念综合教程unit1.doc

大学英语新理念综合教程Book I教研室： 大学英语教研室 教师姓名：课程名称大学英语授课专业和班级10级授课内容Unit One College Life 授课学时8教学目的1. Get the meanings of some new words and expressions. 2. Grasp the main idea of the texts3. Spotlight on Grammar: Know the English vowels and verb tenses. 4. Applied Writing: Write a Notice（通知）. 教学重点1. Express their feelings of college life. 2. Describe the campus and the activities at college. 3. Some important word and phrases.教学方法Student-oriented communicative teaching, free discussion and interaction.教学过程Section I Lead-in (2 hours) A Watching & Listening B SpeakingSection II Reading Text A & B (4 hours) Section III Practical Writing (1/2 hour)Section IV Exercises (1.5 hour)作 业Assign homework: 1. Retell text A . 2. Translation and after-class reading. 3. 综合实训第一单元练习辅助手段Tape recorder/ComputerSection I Lead-in Watching/Speaking/ListeningCinema Time (Or listen to the tape ) Legally BlondeLegally Blonde is a 2001 American comedy film directed by Robert Luketic, written by Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith, and produced by Marc E. Platt. It stars Reese Witherspoon as a bubbly, outgoing sorority girl who struggles to win back her ex-boyfriend by proving that she is serious enough to earn a law degree, along with Luke Wilson as a young attorney she meets during her studies, Matthew Davis as the ex-boyfriend, and Selma Blair as his new fiance. The screenplay is based on the novel of the same name by Amanda Brown. Lutz based the films sorority( 美 srrti, -rr-妇女联谊会,女学生联谊会)culture on her own experiences at James Madison University.The film was released on July 13, 2001 and received generally positive reviews. It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture: Musical or Comedy2 (最佳音乐/喜剧片)and ranks 29th on Bravos 2007 list of 100 Funniest Movies. For her performance, Witherspoon was nominated for Best Actress Motion Picture Musical or Comedy and the 2002 MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance.The films box-office success led to a 2003 sequel, Legally Blonde 2: Red, White & Blonde, and a 2009 direct-to-DVD spin-off, Legally Blondes.PlotIn her senior year as a Southern California college student, girlish sorority president Elle Woods (Witherspoon) majors in fashion merchandising and is seriously in love with her boyfriend, Warner Huntington III (Davis), who will attend Harvard Law School next year. She excitedly expects him to ask her to marry him, but instead he breaks up with her, saying he needs a more serious girlfriend for his legal and political career.Desperate to win Warner back, Elle studies for and passes the law-school entrance exam, applies to Harvard, and is accepted. At Harvard, her fellow students look down on her and Warner is engaged to another student, Vivian Kensington (Blair). The only friend Elle makes is Paulette (Coolidge), her divorced manicurist.( 美 mnkjrst 指甲修饰师)When Vivian tricks Elle into attending a party in a Playboy Bunny costume, Elle has a discussion with Warner and finally realizes he will never respect her. Now determined to succeed on her own, Elle studies hard and wins an internship with Professor Callahan (Garber), as do Warner and Vivian. They will work with Callahan and an associate, attorney Emmett Richmond (Wilson), to defend Brooke Taylor-Wyndham (Larter), a famous fitness instructor accused of murdering her billionaire husband, Hayworth Wyndham. Brooke was once Elles fitness instructor and a member of her sorority. Elle believes Brooke is innocent, but Brookes stepdaughter, Chutney (Cardellini), and the household cabana boy, Enrique (Serano), claim that they saw Brooke standing over Wyndhams dead body, covered in his blood.Brooke refuses to provide an alibi (美 lba 某人在别处的证据), but when Elle visits her in prison, she admits that she had liposuction(美 lposkn, lapo-脂肪抽吸术) on the day of the murder. Public knowledge of this would ruin Brookes reputation as a fitness instructor, so Elle agrees to keep it secret and refuses to tell Callahan about it. Impressed by her integrity, Vivian starts to befriend Elle.The case against Brooke begins to weaken when Enrique correctly identifies Elles shoe style. Elle deduces that he is gay, and Emmett tricks him into identifying his boyfriend in court, proving that his testimony about having an affair with Brooke was a lie.Impressed by her performance, Callahan discusses Elles future with her, but he makes sexual advances on her, which she rejects. Vivian lashes out at Elle after seeing Callahans attempt but not Elles rejection, convincing Elle that she will never be taken seriously. Elle decides to quit law school, but a female teacher, Professor Stromwell (Taylor), encourages her to continue. Emmett explains Elles encounter with Callahan to Vivian and Brooke, and Brooke fires Callahan, hiring Elle as her new attorney with Emmett supervising.In cross-examination, Chutney claims to have been taking a shower and washing her hair at the time of the murder, with the noise drowning out the gunshot, but she also says she had her hair permed earlier that day. When Elle points out that washing her hair shortly after the perm would have ruined Chutneys curls, which are still intact, Chutney finally admits to accidentally shooting Hayworth because she thought he was Brooke, whom she hated for marrying him at such a young age. Brooke is exonerated(得获宽免)and Chutney is arrested. After the trial, Warner tries to reconcile with(使和解; 使和好如初)Elle, but she rejects him, explaining that she needs a boyfriend who is less of a bonehead(傻瓜, 笨蛋)in her new career.In the epilogue (戏剧等的)收场诗,收场白, Elle has graduated with high honors, is the class-elected speaker at the ceremony, and has been invited into one of Bostons best law firms; Vivian is now Elles best friend and has called off her engagement with Warner, who graduated without honors and with no job offers; Emmett has started his own practice, is now Elles boyfriend, and will propose to her that night; and finally, Paulette has married her delivery man送货员and is expecting a baby girl to be named after Elle.1. Ask students to see a film or listen to the tape.2. Do some listening and speaking exercises.Section II ReadingText A & related exercises1. A brief introduction (background information)Types of Colleges in the U.S. If youre planning to study in the U.S., you have a number of choices when it comes to pick your college. There are many types of schools, each having its own mission and purpose within American education.Two-year colleges Two-year institutions, which are typically referred to as community or junior colleges, award the associate degree Associate of Arts (A.A.) or Associate of Science (A.S.) following successful completion of a two-year, full-time program. There are two basic types of programs at community and junior colleges. Some programs are strictly academic and designed to prepare students to transfer to four-year institutions with bachelors degree programs. Others are more practical or applied and provide career training in specific areas. This second type of school does not usually prepare students for transfer to a four-year institution, though some of the credits earned may still be accepted by a four-year institution. A small number of two-year colleges offer the final two years of the undergraduate program only, awarding the bachelors degree rather than the associate degree. Most community and junior colleges are publicly supported by the state and local communities, although some are private. Some private two-year colleges are proprietary or run for a profit.Four-year colleges and universities The college or university (sometimes called an institute when it emphasizes engineering or other technical courses) awards the bachelors degree. The Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) or Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees are the most common, but a variety of bachelors degrees by other names are also granted. Bachelors degrees are typically awarded following successful completion of a four-year, full-time program. Programs in some fields of study or at some institutions can be longer than four years. There are both public and private colleges and universities in the United States, and some have an affiliation with a religious denomination.Public versus private Publicly supported schools are generally state colleges or universities or two-year community colleges. These institutions receive most of their funding from the states in which they are located. Private schools generally have higher costs because they do not receive the same primary funding from the state and federal government. Colleges and universities with religious affiliations are private. Most of them are Christian (Roman Catholic and Protestant), although there are a small number of Jewish and Islamic institutions. In most cases, you do not need to be a member of a particular church or religious group to attend a religiously affiliated college and enrollment in these institutions will not usually interfere with your own religious views.Privately owned colleges Proprietary institutions are different from other types of schools in that they are privately owned and run for a profit. They are educational businesses that offer services and courses similar to those at other institutions, but you need to be very careful and research their accreditation status. Their programs tend to be technical and pre-professional courses of study. Almost all the colleges in the United States are now coeducational, which means that both men and women attend. There are also a small number of single-sex schools, some for men and some for women. Faculty, administration, and staff members will likely be of both sexes at any college.Words and Expressions1. a little bit 有点He was a little bit under the weather. 他生病了。Helen sings a little bit worse. 海伦唱得稍微差一点。Can you try and persuade the supplier to boost the quantity a little bit? 能否请您去说服供货商稍微增加点供货呢？2. expect: v. regard something as probable or likely预期,盼望,期待 【词源解说】ex(向）+ pect (看），意为向外看。The journey was not as nice as we had expected.旅途不像我们预想的那样好。I expect I will be back on Sunday. 我预计我会在周日回来的。 【词义辨析】 desire,wish,hope,expect,want,long 这些动词都有“希望”之意。desire: 语气较正式庄重，着重渴望的力量与热切，常含有强烈的意图和目的。I desire happiness. 我渴望幸福。wish: 语气较弱，多指难于实现或不可能实现的愿望。I wish I knew his address. 要是我知道他的地址就好了。hope: 指对愿望实现有一定信心的希望。I hope youre ready. 我希望你已经准备好了。expect: 通常指有很大程度的把握，但仍含有预料之意，或预计某事或某行动的发生。want: 一般指所想要的东西是切望得到的东西，能弥补实际需要。After the disaster there were many who wanted food and shelter这场灾难过後，许多人既没有食物又没有住处。long: 语气强，指极殷切地盼望着，这种盼望侧重于很难或不可能得到的东西。有时也指一般愿望，但含一定感情色彩。She longed to be back in China. 她渴望回到中国。3. phase: n. any distinct time period in a sequence of events局面,阶段The child is going through a difficult phase. 那孩子正经历困难的阶段。 【词义辨析】 phase,aspect,side,angle这些名词均有“方面”之意。phase: 指可以对事物进行观察或描述或考虑的任何方面。aspect: 着重以特定观点对事物进行观察或考虑。side: 可与aspect和phase换用，但更着重构成事物全貌的一个或多个方面。angle: 专指从某一角度去观察、考虑事物的某个方面。4. support oneself 通过做某一种工作养活自己She supported herself by making soil. 她靠种地为生。5. adjust : 适应, 调节Could I adjust to Chinese life at 72? 岁的我能适应中国的生活吗？After Nigel left his academic post and went into business, it took him quite a while to adjust to the rat race. 奈杰尔弃学从商后，过了很长时间他才适应那种竞争激烈的环境。Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness. 宇航员在飞行中必须适应失重状态。6. stand on ones own feet: 自立，依靠自己We should learn to stand on our own feet.我们要学习依靠自己。You should learn to stand on your own feet from now on. 从现在起，你应该学着自立了。This expressed their determination to stand on their own feet.这表达了他们自立更生的决心。7. hardship: n. a state of misfortune or affliction艰难,困苦A strong man will bear hardship without complaining.一个坚强的人会忍受困苦而不抱怨。Mountaineering is attractive especially to young people because it is accompanied with hardship and adventure. 登山很吸引人，特别是对年轻人来说，因为它伴随着艰难险阻。Hardship disposes man to meet adversity.艰苦能让人适应逆境。 【词义辨析】 difficulty,hardship这两个名词都表示“困难”之意。difficulty: 指需大量思考和技巧或努力才能克服的任何困难。She has difficulty breathing. 她呼吸有困难。hardship: 侧重指生活上令人难以承受的艰难困苦，如疾病、贫穷等磨难。8. challenge: n.挑战 ；v. 向.挑战This career offers a challenge. 这份职业具有挑战性。The time was ripe for a challenge to the power of the government.时机已经成熟，可以向政府权力提出挑战了。Nowadays no one will challenge the fact that the earth is round. 现在没有人会对地球是圆的这一事实提出异议。 【语法用法】 challenged同challenging都为形容词，前者表示“受到挑战的”，后者表示“挑战性的，激发人们思考或行动的”。 要表示“向某人挑战，和某人比试”时，用challenge sb to sth,这里介词to不改为with。 He challenged me to a debate.他向我挑战，要和我比试辩论。错句举例与错句分析：错句:The teacher gave us a challenged assignment.订正:The teacher gave us a challenging assignment.翻译:老师给了我们一个具挑战性的任务。分析:这里应是要表示“具挑战性的任务”，不是“受到挑战的任务”，用challenging。9. in ones favor 对某人有利That might be in your favor. 那可能对你有利。in favor of赞成Are you in favor of his opinion? 你会赞成他的意见吗？do sb. a favor 帮忙Sandy, do me a favor. 桑迪，给我帮个忙Can you do me a favor? 可以请你帮点忙吗？10. peer: n. a person who is of equal standing with another in a group同等的人；同辈The opinions of his peers are more important to him than his parents ideas. 在他看来，他同辈人的观点比他父母的观点更为重要。11. take on: accept as a challenge承担,接受The idea never really took on. 这一观念一向不太得人心。We cant take on any more work， were fully stretched (ie working to the utmost of our powers) at the moment. 我们不能再接受更多的工作了目前已经全力以赴了.12. count on 依靠,指望You can count on me. 你可以指望我。Great, Ill count on it! 好极了，我就指望它了!You can always count on Jim. 你可以永远相信吉姆。13. face up: deal with (something unpleasant) head on勇敢地承认, 正视He wont face up to the fact that he is too old for the job. 他年岁太大不宜做这项工作，他却不愿面对这一现实。He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young. 他应该勇于正视自己不再年轻这一事实。14. make the most of充分利用 We shall make the most of the opportunity. 我们应充分利用这一机遇。These photos make the most of the beauty of the morning in the mountains. 这些照片将山中早晨的美景表现得淋漓尽致。15. acquire : v. come into the possession of something concrete or abstract获得,取得,学到 The collector has acquired a fine collection of impressionist paintings.这位收藏家收集到大量印象派绘画。How did he acquire his wealth?他的财富是怎样得来的？ 【语法用法】有时后面带双宾语，意为“使得到”。 His character acquired him a good name.他的人品使他得到好名声。 【词义辨析】 acquire,obtain,gain,get,win,earn,secure这些动词均含“获得、取得、得到”之意。 acquire: 强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。 obtain: 较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。 gain: 侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。 get: 普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。 win: 主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。 earn: 侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。 secure: 强调要通过努力或竞争，或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。16. precious: a. of high worth or cost宝贵的,珍贵的My time is precious; I can only give you a few minutes.我的时间很宝贵，我只能见你几分钟。You should make good use of every precious minute to study. 你应很好利用宝贵的每一分钟去学习。Pandas are precious creatures. 熊猫是珍贵的动物。 【词义辨析】 valuable,precious这两个形容词均含“贵重的，有价值的”之意。valuable: 指有相当价值，可高价出售的，或有用、有益的东西。precious: 指因稀罕、不易得到而很值钱，或因本身的品质而具有极大的价值。Reading AnalysisPart I (Para.1) Main Idea: The introduction to the main content of the text.Part II (Para.28) Main Idea: Advice to new students in college or university.Part III (Para.9) Main Idea: College is very important in peoples life.Summary: Here we are at the campus. Welcome to our college. Walking around everywhere, are you excited about the new environment? Are you well-prepared to face up the difficulties and opportunities? After reading the passage, you will get the tips of how to survive and how to go through the campus life which serves as your transition to your bright future. Come on, join us.Text B My Experiences at CollegeWords and Expressions1. freshman: n. a first-year undergraduate大学一年级学生 Its important for the college freshman to keep his nose clean.对大学新生而言洁身自好是很重要的。in my freshman year 我是新生那年；a freshman senator 任期未满一年的议员The appearance of the new freshman called away his attention. 新同学的出现使他的注意力分散了。2. military: a. of or relating to army and warfare军事的 n. 军队 In some countries all the young men do a years military service.有些国家，所有年轻男子都要服一年兵役。Related phrases:military academy 陆军军官学校, 军事学院military age 兵役年龄military operation 作战; 军事行动military fever 伤寒症3. follow by 后面有(继之以), 接下来 A middle-aged woman come over, followed by a group of children. 一位中年妇女走进来，后面跟着一群孩子。Cocktails will be served promptly at six to be followed by dinner at eight.6点钟准时举行鸡尾酒会，随之在8点钟举行正式的晚宴。4. make it clear 弄清楚，使人明白 I want to make it clear that I have no prejudice against you. 我要表明我对你没有偏见。I make it clear to him that I reject his proposal.我清楚地告诉他，我拒绝了他的建议。5. discipline: n. a system of rules of conduct or method of practice 训练,纪律,惩罚 A little discipline would do him a world of good稍微处分他一下会对他大有好处。The teacher cant keep discipline in her class.这位老师无法维持教室纪律。His army is a very disciplined force.他的军队是一支训练有素的队伍。The children are happy at the school, but they lack discipline. 孩子们在学校里很快活，但很散漫。【词义辨析】 drill,exercise,practice,training,discipline这些名词都有“练习、训练、锻炼”之意。drill: 侧重进行有系统的，严格和重复的练习。You should finish your English grammar drills in the class. 你应该在课堂上完成语法练习。exercise: 主要指为强壮体魄而进行的锻炼，也可指进行练习以保持已经获得的技巧。practice: 指把所学的理论或知识用于实践以获得技艺与技巧。practice在英式英语中只作名词，动词为practise，而在美式英语中，practice可作名词或动词，practise很少见； practice作名词，前面有形容词时，冠词a可加可不加。 It is (a) good practice to get up early.早起是一个好习惯。practice作动词表示“练习（乐器）”时，可直接用practice，或practice (up)on，也可以practice at，例如practice the piano，practice (up)on the piano，practice at the piano； practice后面跟动名词，而不跟不定式。 You must practice speaking English.你必须要练习说英语。training: 普通用词，泛指为从事某种职业而进行的身体或智力方面的训练。Every morning he spent two hours training for the race. 他每天早晨花两个小时练习赛跑。discipline: 既可指训练又可指为达到某种熟练程度而进行约束。 【语法用法】 exercise作名词统指“运动”时，前面加冠词特指“某项运动”。 We take exercise every morning. Walking