2016年职称英语理工a级考试题及答案.doc

手机、网页、电脑三位一体学习模式2016年职称英语理工a级考试题及答案考场查词技巧:1、对于词汇选项题，建议查词时最好从B)和C)答案查起据美国权威机构通过对标准化考试的研究与分析，最终得出结论：在A)、B)、C)、D)四个选项的情况下，往往B)和C)正确的几率较大。因此我们建议在做词汇选项题时，遇不到生词最好从B)和C)答案查起。这样如果能从B)或C)中找到答案可大大节省时间。2、重点查阅单词的常用解释一个单词有时会有好几个意思而职称英语考试中一般都考察该词语的前三个义项为主，剩下的很多解释一般不会考察。3、在确定了正确答案之后，不必为验证答案而将其他选项单词全部查一遍，以免浪费做题时间。4、所查词汇要抓住重点，要学习根据上下文意思去理解，切记挨个去查。提醒大家：考试带词典其实是一把双刃剑，你带词典的时候，是给你一定的心理安慰，遇到不认识的单词可以查询，尤其适合词汇选项题。但是这个字典可能会阻碍你，使你思维混乱，而且会费很长的时间，没有办法完成答题。试算一下，职称英语考卷上有7篇文章，每篇文章大概在七、八百个字，总共有5000个单词，就按一分钟查两个，那么你要查40个小时，职称英语考试才2个小时，你要把每个不认识的单词都查完是不现实的。所以，职称辅导专家鼓励考生转换自己的思维模式，尽可能的多记忆一些高频词汇，多掌握各种题型的解决方法，这才是顺利通过考试的保证。职称英语考试练习题库，点击天宇考王免费下载试用第1部分：词汇选项（第三115题，第题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1We consume a lot more than we are able to produceA wasteB buyC useD sell2As a writer, he turned out three novels that year.A refusedB readC producedD accepted3Winston Churchill gave a moving speechA nervousC stirringB foolishD fast4We tried to restrict our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic.A putB suitC confineD resort5It doesnt stand to mason that he would lie.A seem logicalBlook pleasantC appear obviousD sound important6The company recommended that a new gas station be built hereA orderedB insistedC suggestedD demanded7A plastic wheel can be as tough as a metal one.A usefulB tightC weakD strong8Of all the planets in this solar system, Mercury is nearest the SunA most likeB closest toC hotter thanD heavier than9If wool is put into hot water, it tends to shrink.A disappearB expandC breakD contract10 The train came to an abrupt stop, making us wonder where we were.A an uncertainB a slowC an unexpectedD a smooth11 Almost all economists agree that nations gain by trading with one another.A workB profitC relyD prove12 The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.A deniedB investigatedC stressedD created13 The chemical is deadly to rats but safe to cattle.A fatalB hatefulC goodD useful14 During his lifetime he was able to accumulate quite a fortune.A controlB spendC collectD exchange15 Its impolite to cut in when two persons are holding a conversationA leaveB talk ioudlyC standupD interrupt第2部分：阅读判断（1622题，第题1分，共7分）下面这篇短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。Plants in DesertOnly special plants can survive the terrible climate of a desert, for these are regions where the annual range of the soil temperature can be over 75. Furthermore, during the summer there are few clouds in the sky to protect plants from the suns ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds which drive small, sharp particles of sand into the plants, tearing and damaging them. The most difficult problem for all forms of plant life, however, is the fact that the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring.Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long, hot, dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds remain inactive unless the right amount of rain falls. If no rain falls, or if insufficient rain falls, they wait until the next year, or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are short. By the time that the water from the spring rains disappears - just a few weeks after it falls - such plants no longer need any.The perennials have special features which enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus, nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large root network enables the plant to absorb as much water as possible in a short time. The small shoot system, on the other hand, considerably limits water loss by evaporation.Another feature of many desert perennials is that after the rainy season they lose their leaves in preparation for the long, dry season, just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in preparation for the winter. This reduces their water loss by evaporation during the dry season. Then, in next rainy season, they come fully alive once more, and grow new branches, leaves and flowers, just as the grasses and flowers in desert do.16 Ordinary plants are unable to survive in the desert mainly because of the changeable weather.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 Grasses and flowers in desert are able to survive because they stay in the form of seeds to wait for the right amount of water to come.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Grasses and flowers in the desert whose life cycles are short shows theirability to adapt to the quick disappearance of rainwater there after it fallsin spring.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Winter is the toughest season for grasses and flowers to survive in desertA RightB Wrong C Not mentioned20 The shoot system of perennials can help the plants absorb less of the suns ray.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 The theme of the second last paragraph is why the perennials can survive as plants for several years.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 Desert perennials lose their leaves after the rainy season just as trees lose theirs in wetter climates before winter arrives, but the reasons for this feature are different.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，第题1分，共8分）下面这篇短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选取项中为第25段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第2730题材要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Local Newspapers in Britain1. Britain has a large circulation (发行量) of the national newspapers. The Daily Mirror and The Daily Express both sell about 4 million copies each day. On average, every family will buy one newspaper in the morning, and take two or three on Sundays.2.Local newspapers are just as popular as the national ones in Britain. Local papers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Nearly every town and country area has its own paper, and almost every local paper is financially holding its own. Many local newspapers are earning good profits.3.Local newspapers have their special characteristics. They mainly satisfy interest in local events - births, weddings, deaths, council meetings, and sports. Editors often rely on a small staff of people who know the district well. Clubs and churches in the neighborhood regularly supply these papers with much local news. Local news does not get out of date as quickly as national news. If there is no room for it in this weeks edition, a news item can be held over until the following week.4.The editor of a local newspaper never forgets that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising. For this reason, he is keen to keep the good will of local businessmen. If the newspaper sells well with carefully chosen news items to attract local readers, the businessmen will be grateful to the paper for the opportunity of keeping their products in the public eye.5.Local newspapers seldom comment on problems of national importance, and editors rarely take sides on political questions. But they can often provide service to the community in expressing public feeling on local issues. A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to improve transport, provide better shopping facilities, and preserve local monuments and places of interest.23 Paragraph 224 Paragraph 325 Paragraph 426 Paragraph 5AKeepingGoodRelationswithLocal BusinessmenBService Provided by Local NewspapersCLargeCirculationoftheNational NewspapersDSpecial Features of Local NewspapersEPower of Local NewspapersFPopularity of Local Newspapers27 British people have the habit of reading newspapers in the28Many local newspapers in Britain are making29 Local newspapers are well received because they carry articles that please30 Local newspapers rarely give opinions onAa lot of moneyBlocal peopleCmorningDlocal peopleEnational issuesFlocal issues第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有篇短文，每篇幅短文后有5道题，每题材后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择一个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇Sonys Vision For The FutureAs the television, communications and telecommunications industries emerge, compatibility (兼容性) becomes a big issue for consumers. I think we should maintain open and compatible standards and create features particular to Sony, in other words, the system should be open but the services could be distinctive - like restaurants. The menus may be alike but the services are different.Being president of Sony Corporation, I am often asked by this question: With digital cameras and digital camcorders (摄像机), what will be the future of digital imaging?In 1997, optimists see non-traditi0nal cameras digital cameras achieving sales of one million units in Japan. We are selling a new digital camera. Even though the price is quite high, it is selling well. And laser and ink-jet printers have improved greatly for printing colour pictures. But traditional pictures are still more popular than those from todays electronic cameras. Because of that, traditional cameras and digital cameras will co-exist for a long time.If you want me to sum up Sonys vision for the next few years, all I can say is that there will be a big change. We can run our business at Sony based on todays technologies which means the digitalisation of audio and video. But beyond 2000, there will be a big change and we should be prepared. This will be the network environment. So we are preparing for a big change in technologies and for a change in the way of thinking as well.We celebrate our 50 anniversary this year (1997), and this coincides (与一致) with what I call the transistor cycle, which has also lasted fifty years Since we started using transistors in radios, the electronic industry has undergone a big evolution. But a new technology wave started with the invention of the microprocessor, about 14 or 15 years ago. My theory is that each business cycle lasts 50 years, with one cycle overlapping (重叠) another. The information age started 15 years ago with microprocessors and for another 10 years it will be in the takeoff stage. Like an airport, a 747 approaching the end of the runway is still gathering speed. So for information technology, for another five to seven years there will not be so much change, only increasing speed. But after that you fly. What that will mean, I cannot foresee. Im just preparing for the takeoff stage while Im president. The job of the next generation will be more important. Im just in-between.31Why does the president of Sony Corporation mention restaurants in the first paragraph?A To praise Japanese restaurants for offering good services.B To explain that Japanese restaurants are distinctive.C To explain what has just been said.D To emphasize that restaurants are all alike.32 What is the presidents view on digital cameras and traditional ones?A Digital cameras will be cheaper than traditional ones in the near future.B Digital cameras and traditional cameras will co-exist for ever.C The prices of digital cameras will go down very soon.D Digital cameras will not take the place of traditional ones in the next few years.33 What will take place in the next few years, according to the president?A A big change in technologies and in the way of thinking.B A change in digitalisation.C A change in the way of manufacturing.D A change in the business cycle.34 How long does each business cycle last, according to the president?A 10 years.B 14 or15 years.C 25 years.D 50 years.35 What does the president say he is doing?A He is designing jobs for the next generation.B He is preparing for the fly stage.C He is doing something for the takeoff stage.D He is flying an aircraft.第二篇LaughterThere is an old saying in English: Laughter is the best medicine. Until recently, few people took the saying very seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to investigate laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found evidence that laughter really can improve peoples health.Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films, while doctors checked their heart rate blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be capable of reducing the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which diminish both stress and pain.There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the bodys immune system, that is, the system which fights infection. In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group - in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells, that is, the cells which fight infection.As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病学) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.36 We learn from the first paragraph that laughterAis good for ones health.Bis related to some illness.Chas been investigated long since.Dhas no effect on the body.37 Doctors have found that laughterAkeeps down blood pressure.Bhas similar effects to physical exercise.Cdecreases the heart rate.Dincreases stress.38 Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter, according to the passage?AIt reduces pain,BIt exercises the body.Cit improves the bodys immune system.DIt can cure cancer.39 In a laughter clinic, doctorsAlaugh at their patients.Bencourage their patients to laugh.Csmile when they dont feel like laughing.Dnever stop laughing. -40 The writers attitude towards laughter isAcritical.Bdoubtful.Cpositive.Dnegative.第三篇Greenhouse EffectA greenhouse is a building made of glass which is used for keeping plants warm when the outside temperature is low. In a similar way, there are several gases in the atmosphere which trap the heat generated by the sun and prevent it from escaping. These gases are known as greenhouse gases, and the way in which they trap heat in the atmosphere is called the greenhouse effect. This is not simply air pollution like photochemical smog (光化学烟雾), for example. Most of the main greenhouse gases occur naturally in small amounts in our atmosphere, and without them the earth would be thirty degrees colder and human life would not exist. In other words, the greenhouse effect is a natural process which is to some extent beneficial to us.The problem is that in the last century and a half, we have been putting excessive amounts of these gases into the earths atmosphere by burning large quantities of coal and oil and by cutting down forests. In 1850, there were 280 parts per million of carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) in the atmosphere. Now there are 360, and this figure is expected to rise to 460 by the year 2030. We now put 24 billion metric (公制的) tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere every year. We have also created a group of artificial greenhouse gases that are 20,000 times more effective than carbon dioxide in trapping heat in the atmosphere. These are the chlorofluorocarbon (氟氯碳) gases, which are used in refrigerators and air conditioning systems.The rapid increase in greenhouse gases is making the world warmer. The worlds temperature has already gone up by half a degree this century, and the sea level has risen by ten centimeters. If the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere doubles, there will probably be a rise in the earths temperature of between 1 and 4. This may seem a small increase, but it would be enough to cause major changes in geography and agriculture. Large areas of the world would be flooded, and some regions would become dry and unable to produce crops. It is important, too, to consider that there maybe a delay of about thirty years in the greenhouse effect. This means that we are probably experiencing only now the effect of the gases put into the atmosphere up to the 1960s. Since then, our use of these gases has greatly increased.第5部分：补全短文（第4650题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。The Building of the PyramidsThe oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. (46) There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the Step pyramid and the Bent pyramid.Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings.(47). These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but p