田启林,大学英语四级写作指导.doc

大学英语四级写作指导:写作万能句式(一)1 表示原因1）There are three reasons for this.2）The reasons for this are as follows.3）The reason for this is obvious.4）The reason for this is not far to seek.5）The reason for this is that6）We have good reason to believe that例：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life. Firstly, peoples living standard has been greatly improved. Secondly, most people are well paid,and they can afford what they need or like. Last but not least, more and more people refer to enjoy modern life.注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have takenplace in our life. There are three reasons for this. 这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。2表示好处1）It has the following advantages.2）It does us a lot of good.3）It benefits us quite a lot.4）It is beneficial to us.5）It is of great benefit to us.例：Books are like friendsThey can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizonsTherefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us.3表示坏处1）It has more disadvantages than advantages.2）It does us much harm.3）It is harmful to us.例：However, everything divides into two. Television can also be harmful to us. It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.4表示事实、现状1）We cannot ignore the fact that2）No one can deny the fact that3）There is no denying the fact that4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.5）However, thats not the case.例：We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution. To solve these problems，we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution. The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleanerenvironment.5表示比较1）Compared with A, B2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV.3）There is a striking contrast between them.例：Compared with cars, bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable. Firstly, they do not consume natural resources of petrol. Secondly, they do not cause the pollutionproblem. Last but not least, they contribute to peoples health by giving them due physicalexercise.6表示数量1）It has increased (decreased) fromto2）The population in this city has now increased (decreased) to 800, 0003）The output of July in this factory increased by 15compared with that of January.例：With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of peoples income spenton food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.再如：From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers hasincreased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.7表示事实、现状 1）We cannot ignore the fact that 2）No one can deny the fact that 3）There is no denying the fact that 4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in 5）However，thats not the case 8表示比较 1）Compared with A，B 2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV 3）There is a striking contrast between them 例： Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordableFirstly，they do not consume natural resources of petrol（石油）Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problemLast but not least，they contribute to peoples health by giving them due physical exercise 10表示看法 1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth 2）People have different opinions on this problem 3）People take different views of（on）the question 4）Some people believe thatOthers argue that 例People have different attitudes towards failureSome believe that failure leads to success 11表示结论 1）In short，it can be said that 2）It may be briefly summed up as follows 3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that 例： From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved 注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。 12套语 1）Its well known to us that 2）As is known to us， 3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about 4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that 5）As a proverb（谚语） says，“Where there is a will，there is a way例如： As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus 1. 核心句型1 开头Although it is commonly (widely / generally) held (felt / accepted / agreed) that , it is unlikely to be true thatThere is an element of truth in this argument (statement), but it ignores a deeper and more basic (important / essential) fact (reason) thatThe main (obvious / great) problem (flaw / drawback) with (in) this argument (view / remark) is that it is ignorant of (blind to) the basic (bare) fact that Logical (Valid / Sound) as this argument and I wholeheartedly agree with it, it appears insignificant (absurd) when is taken into consideration (account).We dont have to look very far to see (find out) the truth (validity) of this argument (proposition).A close (careful) inspection (examination / scrutiny) of this argument would reveal how flimsy (groundless / fallacious) it is.正文The increase (change / failure / success) in mainly (largely / partly) results from (arises from / is because of)The increase (change / failure /success) in is due to (owing to / attributable to) the fact thatThere are many (different / several / a number of / a variety of) causes (reasons) for this dramatic (marked / significant) growth (change /decline / increase) in . First, Second, Finally,Why are (is / do / did) ? For one thing, For another, There are numerous reasons why , and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones.It will exert (have / produce) profound (far-reaching / remarkable / considerable / beneficial / favorable / undesirable / disastrous) effect (influence) onA multitude of factors could account for (contribute to / lead to / result in / influence) the change (increase / decrease / success/ failure / development) in3 结尾From what has been discussed above (Taking into account all these factors / Judging from all evidence offered), we may safely draw (reach / come to / arrive at) the conclusion thatAll the evidence (analysis) supports (justifies / confirms / warrants / points to) a(n) unshakable (unmistakable / sound / just) conclusion that We must look (search / cry) for an immediate action (method / measure), because the present (current) situation (phenomenon / tendency / state / attitude) of , if permitted (allowed) to continue (proceed), will surely (certainly) lead to (result in) the end (destruction / heavy cost) ofThere is no easy (immediate / effective) solution ( approach / answer / remedy) to the problem of , but might be useful (helpful / beneficial).It is hoped that great efforts should be directed to (expended on / focused on) finding (developing / improving)For these reasons, I strongly recommend thatFor the reasons given above, I feel that高频句型Along with the advance of the society， more and more problems are brought to our attention，one of which is that.。随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是_。As to whether it is a blessing or a curse， however， people take different attitudes.然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。（Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法）As society develops， people are attaching much importance to.。随着社会的发展，人们开始关注。People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。As to whether it is worthwhile 。， there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.关于是否值得_的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。In the process of modern urban development， we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。 Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern， some people are in alarm that.。.最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心_。The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history， with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization， more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。.。. plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world， there comes a question， is it a blessing or a curse？“_显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：”我们该如何抉择？“Now we are entering a new era， full of opportunities and challenges，现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。问题的常用词：question， problem， issue模板现象分析模板一With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem that _ (主题问题).Confronted with _ (主题问题)， we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, _ (解决方法1).For another, _(解决方法2).Finally, _ (解决方法3).As far as I am concerned, the best way out is _ (解决方法3). Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because _ (解决方法3的优点和好处).(2)模板二 With the development of the society, we have to face a problem that _ (主题问题)。 What are the reasons for it? In the following paragraphs, Ill venture to explore the reasons. To start with, _ (阐述原因1). Moreover, _ (阐述原因2). In addition, _ (阐述原因3)。In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures should be taken. For one thing, it is high time that people all over China realized the importance of_ (解决主题问题). For another, the government should issue strict laws and regulations in order to put the situation under control。利 弊 题模 板 一Nowadays many people prefer _ (主题) because it plays a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. On one hand, _ (主题的优点1). On the other hand, _ (主题的优点2)。 But everything can be divided into two. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that _ (主题的缺点1). To make matters worse, _ (主题的缺点2)。Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects. Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain, _ (主题) itself is neither good nor bad. It is the effects to which it is put that determine its value to our society。模板二With the development of science and human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality. Some of them have positive effects on our life, but some are distasteful. The phenomenon of _ (主题现象) is an example of the former / latter one。There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects. To start with, _ (原因1). Furthermore, _ (原因2). Eventually, _ (原因3)。Good as _ (主题现象) is, it has, unfortunately, its disadvantages. The apparent example is that _ (缺点例子1). In addition, _ (缺点例子2)。On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of the progress of the modern society. There is still a long way for us to improve / eliminate _ (主题现象) and make our life more comfortable。对比型议论文模板:模板一One of the controversial issues today is _. In this essay, I will discuss the positive and negative effects of this issue and offer my own view on it.On the positive aspect, one of the most significant advantages is that _(优点一). Moreover, _(优点二). Perhaps the primary advantage is that _.(优点三) On the negative aspect, for one thing, _.(缺点一) For another, _.(缺点二)As far as Im concerned, the benefits of _(主题) greatly outweigh its drawbacks. We should make better use of _(主题) and bypass its negative effects.解决问题In recent days, we have to face a problem-A, which is becoming more and more serious.-(说明A的现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, -(解决方法一). For another -(解决方法二). Finally, -(解决方法三).Personally, I believe that -(我的解决方法). Consequently, I am confident that a bright future is awaiting us because -(带来的好处).关联词列 举1. for the first point, first, in the first place, firstly, first of all2.for the second point, second, secondly, again, and then, further more, in addition, moreover,3. for the last point, last, finally, lastly,