练习英语口语.doc

练习英语口语的6个技巧作者：未知 文章来源：网文摘编 点击数：103 更新时间：2006-6-21 热 有没有机会在美国生存、发展下去，关键是要看有没有机会去表达自己，和别人交流。如果你学的是哑巴英语，到了美国你将十分困难。而目前我们的大学英语教育是有缺陷的。学一种语言，交流是目的，而不是语言本身。我们往往把英语仅仅当作一门知识在学，从小学到大，到最后，还是不会说英语。语言的交流与掌握大量的词汇、句型、语法是两回事。就语言本身的知识来说，我们已经过关了。我们缺少的就是在交流中来运用英语，只有在交流中我们才能与对方进行思维密码的相互破译。同样的话在不同的语言交流环境中所表达的意思是不一样的。我建议要把我们学习的目标收缩，把追求大而广的英语知识转化为追求一种定量性的技巧，我认为有6种技巧，是美国人和美国人之间交流的关键性东西，如果我们能掌握这6种技巧，就可以更好地理解美国人的思维，从而学好口语。第一，如何用英文简单界定一个东西的技巧。美国人和美国人交谈80%是想告诉对方这个事物是什么。我们的课本尽管词汇难度不断加深，但思维逻辑结构却只停留在一个水平上。中国人常说Where is the book(这本书在哪儿)？很少有人说What is a book(书是什么)？而美国的小学生就开始问：What is the book？这种Where is the book只是思维的描述阶段。但是我想连大学生也很难回答What is a book？因为中国传统英语教学模式没有教会学生表达思想的技巧。第二，如果已经学会界定，但理解还有偏差，那就要训练How to explain things in different ways(用不同的方式解释同一事物)。一种表达式对方不懂，美国人会寻找另一种表达式最终让对方明白。因为事物就一个，但表达它的语言符号可能会很多。这就要多做替换练习。传统的教学方法也做替换练习，但这种替换不是真替换，只是语言层面的替换，而不是思维层面的替换。比如，I love you(我爱你)。按我们教学的替换方法就把you换成her，my mother等，这种替换和小学生练描红没有什么区别。这种替换没有对智力构成挑战，没有启动思维。这种替换句子的基本结构没变，我听不懂I love you，肯定也听不懂I love her。如果替换为I want to kiss you，I want to hug you，I will show my heart to you等，或者给对方讲电影泰坦尼克，告诉对方那就是爱，这样一来对方可能就明白了。这才叫真正的替换。也就是说用一种不同的方式表达同一个意思，或者一个表达式对方听不清楚，举一个简单易懂的例子来表达，直到对方明白。第三，我们必须学会美国人怎样描述东西。从描述上来讲，由于中美的文化不同会产生很大的差异。我们描述东西无外乎把它放在时间和空间两个坐标上去描述。美国人对空间的描述总是由内及外，由里及表。而中国人正好相反。从时间上来说，中国人是按自然的时间顺序来描述。我们描述一个东西突然停住时，往往最后说的那个地方是最重要的。美国人在时间的描述上先把最重要的东西说出来，然后再说陪衬的东西。只有发生悲剧性的事件，美国人才在前面加上铺垫。这就是中国人和美国人在时间描述上的巨大差别。第四，要学会使用重要的美国习语。不容易学、易造成理解困惑的东西就是习语。比如北京人说盖了帽儿了，外国人很难理解，这就是习语。所以和美国人交流时，能适当地运用美国习语，他马上就会觉得很亲切，也很爱和你交流。那么什么是习语？就是每个单词你都认识，但把它们组合在一起，你就不知道是什么意思了。第五，学会两种语言的传译能力。这是衡量口语水平的一个最重要标准。因为英语不是我们的母语，我们天生就有自己的母语。很多人都认为学好外语必须丢掉自己的母语，这是不对的。第六，要有猜测能力。为什么美国人和美国人、中国人和中国人之间交流很少产生歧义？就是因为他们之间能猜测。我们的教学不提倡猜测。但我觉得猜测对学好美国口语很重要。在交流中，有一个词你没有听懂，你不可能马上去查字典，这时候就需要猜测来架起一座桥梁来弥补这个缺口，否则交流就会中断。中国人学习口语讲究背诵，背句型、背语调，结果就是很多人讲口语的时候讲着讲着眼就开始向上翻，实际上是在记忆中寻找曾经背过的东西。如果他要是能猜测的话，我想也就不会出现这种现象以上就是我所说的学会用美国人思维方式的6个技巧。中国学生如果能做到这6点，用较短的时间肯定能学好口语。再说说英语语音的问题。我们中国人不需要钻牛角尖，一定追求发音像一个本地人，只要我们的发音不至于让对方产生误解就可以了。我们在平时，不需要迷信什么科学方法，只需要记住一点：模仿。但一定要模仿标准的英语或美语。在模仿的基础上，每天保持1个小时的自我口语练习，这个练习必须假想一个双向交流的场合，即仿佛有人与你交流一样。最后，讲讲英语的用气问题。我们在发音时，尽量气运丹田，而避免用肺发音，这可以使英语发音洪亮圆润。SNOW WHITE（一）It was winter. Snowflakes were swirling in the air like feathers. The Queen gave birth to a little daughter, whose skin was as white as snow, lips as red as blood and hair as black as ebony. How beautiful she was! The mother decided to call her baby “Snow White”. Unfortunately, the mother died not long after Snow White was born. A year later, the King married again. The new Queen was very beautiful to look upon, but alas, she was very proud and jealous. The new Queen had a magic mirror. Everyday she would look in the mirror and ask it:” Mirror, mirror on the wall, who is the fairest of them all?” The mirror replied:” Our Queen is the Fairest.” She would look triumphant very time she heard this answer. Meanwhile, Snow White was growing up to be more and more beautiful. When she was seven, she was even prettier than the Queen. Butterflies were attracted to dance around her and bees sang.白雪公主（一）冬天，雪花象羽毛般从天上落下来。王后生了一个女孩儿，雪白的皮肤，鲜红的嘴唇，头发象乌木那么黒，好漂亮啊！王后为女儿取名“白雪公主”。白雪公主出生不久，妈妈就死了。一年后，国王新娶了一个王后，这是个美丽的女人，但是她很骄傲，又非常嫉妒。王后有一个魔镜，她每天都要站在它前面照一照。问：“墙上的小镜子，谁是最美丽的女人。”镜子回答：“王后是最美丽的女人。”王后听了很得意。白雪公主渐渐长大，愈长愈美丽，到了七岁的时候，竟然长得比王后还美。蝴蝶围着她翩翩起舞，蜜蜂在她头顶上嗡嗡歌唱SnowWhite（白雪公主）作者：淡烟横空文章来源：本站原创点击数：714更新时间：2006-3-15Snow White Once there was a Queen. She was sitting at the window. There was snow outside in the garden-snow on the hill and in the lane, snow on the huts and on the trees: all things were white with snow. She had some cloth in her hand and a needle. The cloth in her hand was as white as the snow. The Queen was making a coat for a little child. She said, I want my child to be white as this cloth, white as the snow. And I shall call her Snow-white. Some days after that the Queen had a child. The child was white as snow. The Queen called her Snow-white. But the Queen was very ill, and after some days she died, Snow-white lived, and was a very happy and beautiful child. One year after that, the King married another Queen. The new Queen was very beautiful; but she was not a good woman. A wizard had given this Queen a glass. The glass could speak. It was on the wall in the Queens room. Every day the Queen looked in the glass to see how beautiful she was. As she looked in the glass, she asked:Tell me, glass upon the wall, Who is most beautiful of all?The glass spoke and said: The Queen is most beautiful of all. Years went by. Snow-white grew up and became a little girl. Every day the Queen looked in the glass and said, Tell me, glass upon the wall, Who is most beautiful of all?Every day the glass spoke and said, The Queen is most beautiful of all. Years went by, and Snow-white grew up and became a woman. Every year she became more and more beautiful. Then one day, when Snow-white was a woman, the Queen looked in the glass and said,Tell me, glass upon the wall, Who is most beautiful of all?The glass said, Snow-white is most beautiful of all. When the Queen heard this, she was very angry. She said, Snow-white is not more beautiful than I am. There is no one who is more beautiful than I am. Then the Queen sat on her bed and cried. After one hour the Queen went out of her room. She called one of the servants, and said, Take Snow-white into the forest and kill her. The servant took Snow-white to the forest, but he did not kill her, because she was so beautiful and so good. The man took Snow-white into the forest, but he did not kill her. He said, I shall not kill you; but do not go to the Kings house, because the Queen is angry and she will see you. If the Queen sees you, she will make some other man kill you. Wait here in the forest; some friends will help you. Then he went away. Poor Snow-white sat at the foot of a tree and cried. Then she saw that night was coming. She said, I will not cry. I will find some house where I can sleep tonight. I cannot wait here: the bears will eat me. She went far into the forest. Then she saw a little hut. She opened the door of the hut, went inSnowWhite（白雪公主）作者：淡烟横空文章来源：本站原创点击数：714更新时间：2006-3-15Snow White Once there was a Queen. She was sitting at the window. There was snow outside in the garden-snow on the hill and in the lane, snow on the huts and on the trees: all things were white with snow. She had some cloth in her hand and a needle. The cloth in her hand was as white as the snow. The Queen was making a coat for a little child. She said, I want my child to be white as this cloth, white as the snow. And I shall call her Snow-white. Some days after that the Queen had a child. The child was white as snow. The Queen called her Snow-white. But the Queen was very ill, and after some days she died, Snow-white lived, and wasa very happy and beautiful child. One year after that, the King married another Queen. The new Queen was very beautiful; but she was not a good woman. A wizard had given this Queen a glass. The glass could speak. It was on the wall in the Queens room. Every day the Queen looked in the glass to see how beautiful she was. As she looked in the glass, she asked:Tell me, glass upon the wall, Who is most beautiful of all?The glass spoke and said: The Queen is most beautiful of all. Years went by. Snow-white grew up and became a little girl. Every day the Queen looked in the glass and said, Tell me, glass upon the wall, Who is most beautiful of all?Every day the glass spoke and said, The Queen is most beautiful of all. Years went by, and Snow-white grew up and became a woman. Every year she became more and more beautiful. Then one day, when Snow-white was a woman, the Queen looked in the glass and said,Tell me, glass upon the wall, Who is most beautiful of all?The glass said, Snow-white is most beautiful of all. When the Queen heard this, she was very angry. She said, Snow-white is not more beautiful than I am. There is no one who is more beautiful than I am. Then the Queen sat on her bed and cried. After one hour the Queen went out of her room. She called one of the servants, and said, Take Snow-white into the forest and kill her. The servant took Snow-white to the forest, but he did not kill her, because she was so beautiful and so good. The man took Snow-white into the forest, but he did not kill her. He said, I shall not kill you; but do not go to the Kings house, because the Queen is angry and she will see you. If the Queen sees you, she will make some other man kill you. Wait here in the forest; some friends will help you. Then he went away. Poor Snow-white sat at the foot of a tree and cried. Then she saw that night was coming. She said, I will not cry. I will find some house where I can sleep tonight. I cannot wait here: the bears will eat me. She went far into the forest. Then she saw a little hut. She opened the door of the hut, went in.2006年全国小学生英语竞赛(NECPS)六年级组竞赛样题作者：admin文章来源：英语辅导报点击数： 575更新时间：2006-4-27Afarmerandasnake（农夫与蛇）作者：淡烟横空 文章来源：本站原创 点击数：608 更新时间：2006-3-15A farmer and a snake（农夫与蛇） ONE WINTER a Farmer found a Snake stiff and frozen with cold. He had compassion on it, and taking it up, placed it in his bosom. The Snake was quickly revived by the warmth, and resuming its natural instincts, bit its benefactor, inflicting on him a mortal wound. Oh, cried the Farmer with his last breath, I am rightly served for pitying a scoundrel. The greatest kindness will not bind the ungrateful另一版本： It happened in a very cold winter. One day a farmer was on his way home. Suddenly, he saw a snake lying on the ground, almost frozen to death. Poor snake! let me save your life! said the farmer. Then he put the snake under his coat, next to his warm body. A few minutes later, the snake came back to consciousness. The farmer did not get any signs of thanks for saving the snake life. In stead, the snake bit the farmer and left. Poor me! Why did i save the lift of a cold-blooded snake? cried the dying farmer.(时间: 60分钟 总分: 100分)听力部分(共四大题, 40%)I. 听辨单词 (Words) (共10小题, 计10分) A) 听音, 选出你所听到的单词。每个单词只读一遍。(答案涂在答题纸上)1. A. good B. food C. foot D. goose2. A. light B. night C. fruit D. blue3. A. football B. basketball C. baseball D. volleyball4. A. home B. game C. plane D. listen5. A. behind B. stand C. stamp D. side B) 听音,看图,选出与你听到的单词属于同一类的一项。每个单词只读一遍。(答案涂在答题纸上)II. 句子理解 (Sentences) (共10小题,计10分) A) 听句子,根据问句选出恰当的答句。每个句子只读一遍。(答案涂在答题纸上)11. A. Its 6. B. Its 12. C. Its 80.D. Its 20.12. A. Hes very well. B. Hes 35 years old. C. He plays ping-pong well. D. Hes in the library now.13. A. Only two. B. They are for my birthday. C. They are red. D. I like them very much.14. A. Its my pleasure. B. Yes, I do. C. Yes, it is. D. Dont read in the sun.15. A. Yes, its big. B. Yes, its a bus. C. No, its a big box. D. No, it isnt a taxi. B) 听句子,判断你所听到的句子与所给图片是(Y)否(N)相符。每个句子只读一遍。(答案涂在答题纸上)III. 对话理解 (Dialogues) (共10小题,计10分) A) 听对话,为每组人物选择合适的情景图片。每组对话读两遍。(答案写在答题纸上) B)听对话,根据你听到的对话内容为下列图片按英文字母(A,B,C,D,E)的顺序标号。对话读两遍。(答案涂在答题纸上)IV. 短文理解 (Passages) (共10小题,计10分)A) 根据你所听到的短文内容,选择最佳答案回答下列问题。短文读两遍。(答案涂在答题纸上)31. Where does May study?A. No. 12 Primary School. B. No. 2 Primary School.C. No. 8 Primary School. D. No. 7 Primary School.32. Whats Mays favourite room?A. The bedroom. B. The sitting room.C. The classroom.D. The dining room.33. Whats next to the bed?A. A big door. B. A small table.C. A white chair.D. A cupboard.34. What is NOT in the bedroom?35. What colour are the walls of the room?A. Green. B. Orange.C. Yellow.D. Blue. B) 听短文,填空,补全下面的个人简历。短文读两遍。(答案写在答题纸上) Name: 36. Date Of Birth: 37. Age: 38. Nationality: 39. School: Millbury Primary School Club (this year): 40.笔试部分 (共六大题, 计60分)I. 单词和短语 (Words and phrases) (共5小题,计5分) 按要求写出下列句子括号中所给的单词或短语的相应形式(注意时态、人称和单复数的变化)(答案写在答题纸上)1. Andy _ (go) home at six yesterday.2. Today it is _ (warm) than yesterday.3. James _ (do ones homework) at a quarter to eight every night.4. Can you _ (ride a horse)?5. What are you doing? Im _ (have breakfast).II. 句子 (Sentences) (共10小题,计10分) A) 连词成句(注意大小写)。(答案写在答题纸上) B) 从A, B, C, D四个选项中,选择恰当的一项完成句子。(答案涂在答题纸上)11. I can see one _ and two _ on the floor.A. watch; knife B. watches; knivesC. watch; knivesD. watches; knife12. What is your brother _ now?A. do B. does C. did D. doing13. Mary is a _ girl. She is _ this year.A. good; twenty threeB. fine; twenty and twoC. nice; twenty-two D. well; 2314. Lets go out for lunch, _? A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. arent you15. Whats your favourite colour, blue _ white?A. but B. and C. / D. or III. 情景会话 (Dialogues) (共10小题,计10分) A) 从A,B,C,D四个选项中选出符合下列情景的最佳答案。(答案涂在答题纸上)A. Wheres Danny now?B. Wherere your uncle and aunt? C. Is Beijing far from here?D. Is Beijing a big city?17. _ They are 50 yuan.A. How much is it?B. How old are they?C. How long is it?D. How much are they?18.Is this your school bag? Yes, it is. _ Thank you.A. Its black. B. I have one, too. C. Here you are.D. Sorry. A. Yes, I dont know about him too much. B. No, I know about him very well. C. Yes, I know about him. D. No, I know him. 20. 当你的老师在课堂上表扬你作业写得很好时,他/她应该怎么说?A. Excuse me.B. You did a good job.C. Not at all.D. Please say it again. B) 从所给的选项中选择恰当的句子补全对话(此题有两个多余选项)。(答案涂在答题纸上)John: Can I help you? Grace: Oh, yes, please. 21 John: What are they?Grace: 22 John: What are they?Grace: They are our homework notebooks.John: 23 Grace: To teachers office.John: 24 Grace: No, it isnt. Its just over there.John: OK. Lets go.Grace: 25 John: Its my pleasure.A. Really?B. Where should we take them?C. Thank you very much.D. They are very heavy.E. Pardon?F. Is it far from here?G. Its so small.IV. 阅读理解 (Reading comprehension) (共15小题,计15分) A) 根据短文内容,回答下列问题。(答案涂在答题纸上)Alice has a pet. Its a lovely dog. She likes playing with it at home. But shes eight and her parents tell her to go to school. The teacher doesnt let her take the dog into the classroom. She has to leave it at home, but she isnt happy. She doesnt want to go to school and listen to the teacher. Class Four is studying math. Miss Brown sees Alice looking out of the window. She asks Alice,“Whats two and two, Alice?” Alice stands up, but she doesnt know the answer. “If your father gives you two pencils,” Miss Brown says,“and your mother gives you another two, how many pencils do you have?” “Five, Miss Brown.” “You are wrong,” Miss Brown says. “You have four.” “I dont think so,” Alice says. “I already have one in my pencil case.”26. Whats Alices pet?A. A cat. B. A rabbit.C. A goat.D. A dog.27. How old is Alice?A. Eight.B. Seven.C. Six. D. Nine.28. Is Alice happy to go to school?A. Yes, she is.B. She likes to go to school.C. No, she isnt.D. She goes to school happily.29. What does Miss Brown ask Alice?A. What is two plus two?B. Whats red and yellow?C. Whats two and three?D. What time is it now?30. How many pencils are there in Alices pencil case?A. Five.B. One.C. Four. D. Three. B)根据短文内容, 判断下列句子是(Y)否(N)正确。(答案写在答题纸上)Tim was seven years old, and his sister was five. One day, their mother wanted to go shopping, so she asked their aunt to look after them. The two children played for a long time. At four oclock in the afternoon, their aunt gave Tim an apple and a knife. She said to him, “Now heres a knife, Tim. Cut this apple into two pieces. And then please give one piece to your sister, but remember(记住) to do it like a gentleman.” “Like a gentleman?” Tim asked. “How does a gentleman do it?” “He always gives the big piece to another person.” their aunt answers. “Oh, I see.” Then he gave his sister the apple and said to her, “Please cut it into two pieces like a gentleman, Joan.”31. Tim was two years older than his sister.32. Joan was Tims little sister.33. Tims mum wanted to go swimming with her friends.34. At four oclock in the afternoon, the childrens aunt gave them two apples and aknife.35. Tim wanted the big piece of the apple. C) 根据短文内容,回答下列问题。(答案写在答题纸上)My names Anna. I live in a big city. The people in my city want to bury(埋藏) a “message for the future”. It will be a metal (金属)