快速提高高考英语作文写作.doc

快速提高高考英语写作讲义写作指导进行书面表达的基本要求是：认真审题，确立主题，提炼要点，展开联想，变点为句，连句成篇。 要达到这些要求，我们要做到以下几点： 1.仔细审题:包括文体,人称,时态. 2.归纳要点:保证文章内容的完整. 3.扩展成句:注意英语表达的习惯,根据提纲扩展句子. 4.连句成篇:利用一些表示转折,因果,选择等关系的关联词和过渡句,把句子连接起来.然后按情节逻辑，承上启下整理成文。5.全面检查:确保无明显的搭配错误、语法错误。高考写作评分标准： 阅卷老师的作文评分细则极优档: 30分书写规范；覆盖所有要点，内容充实；词汇丰富，有修辞意识。上档 (18-29分)一、优秀（26分-29分）观点明确，紧扣主题。理由表达充分，能有效地使用连接成分，具备较强的书面表达能力。语言小错不超过4个（拼写，标点，用词等）二、良好（22分-25分）观点明确，紧扣主题。理由表达基本充分，语言有少量错误，但基本不影响意思表达。三、一般（18分-21分）观点明确，紧扣主题。理由表达基本清楚，语言错误已影响了部分意思的表达，但多数句子基本正确。下档（6-17分）一、较差（13-17分）能够表达基本观点。行文不连贯，语言错误多，半数句子基本正确。二、差（6-12分）能够写出少数与内容相关的可读句或只能写出与内容相关的词语。（无法评判档）（0-5分）1-5分未完成试题规定的任务。明显遗漏了主要内容；写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未了解试题的要求；语法结构单调，词汇项目有限；较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了读者对写作内容的理解；缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯；信息未能传达给读者。 0分未能传达给读者任何信息；内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清留意事项：1、评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其为上档或下档。2、词数少于120或多于150，从总分中减去2分。3、书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。4、具体说明（1）未表明个人态度的，降一档给分。（2）态度二分法的，重在以语言表达给分。写作词汇（一）名词absence缺席；accident事故；accommodation住处；acquaintance熟人；advertisement广告；action行动；activity活动；administration管理；advice建议；affair事情；agreement协议；applicant申请者；application申请；appointment约会；association协会；attraction吸引力；audience观众；attention注意；attitude态度；bachelor学士学位；单身汉；basement地下室；burden负担；chairman主席；chairwoman女主席；chalk粉笔；blackboard黑板；chance机会；opportunity；check支票compete竞赛；conference回忆；deadline最后期限；deed行为；事迹；difficulty困难；diploma文凭；director主任；E-mail/ e-mail电子邮件；发电子邮件v；expectation盼望；期望； fault缺点；favor好意；fee费用；fax传真；friendship友谊；inform通知；information信息；invitation邀请； introduction介绍； insurance保险；journalist新闻工作者；joy快乐；journey旅行；kindness仁慈；knowledge知识；laundry洗衣店；league联盟；社团；library图书馆；librarian图书管理员；lecture讲课；演讲；lesson功课； literature文学；magazine杂志；machine机器；mailbox邮箱；media媒体；member成员；neighbourhood四邻；neighbour邻居；note便条；notice通告；Olympic(s)奥运会的；奥林匹克运动会；outing郊游；远足；旅行；organize（organise）组织；part-time兼职的；party聚会；晚会；党派；postage邮费；postcode邮政编码；postcard明信片； present礼物；president总统；主席；practice练习；press新闻界；出版社；压v；prize奖品；profession职业；quake地震；qualification资格；quality质量；quantity数；量；receipt收据；reception接待；reality现实； recreation娱乐； rent租金；租；report报道；responsibility责任；rest休息；reward酬劳；奖金；requirement需要；reservation预定；routine常规；satisfaction满意；safe安全；sideroad/ sidewalk人行道；sideway小路；speech演讲；spring春天；stamp邮票；sport运动；suffering痛苦；苦难；supermarket超市；suggestion建议； text课文；textbook课本；television电视；telephone打电话；training培训；topic题目；trade贸易；tradition传统； tour参观；旅行；tourism旅游者；tourist旅行者；week周；weekday周日；weekend周末；weekly每周的；waste垃圾；浪费v；（二）动词acquire获得；across横穿admit承认； advise建议；advocate提倡； agree同意arrive到达；arrival到达n；attract吸引；attempt试图；尝试；attend出席；avoid避免；awake (awoke; awoken)唤醒；醒着的；award奖励；charge收费；v；费用n；chat聊天；compensate补偿；decide决定delay推迟；disturb扰乱；exchange交换；expect盼望；fade褪色v；guarantee保证；imagine想象；interview采访；invite邀请；introduce引进；介绍；join参加；leak泄露；mail邮寄；post邮寄；quit辞职；停止；receive收到；recommend推荐；recover恢复；refuse拒绝；reply答复；respect尊敬；respond回答；require需求；要求；return归还；run褪色；satisfy满足；spend花费struggle努力；奋斗；v&n；suffer遭受；support支持；赞助；suppose猜想；假定；sure确信；surprise使惊讶；suggest建议；supply供给；（三）形容词absent缺席adj；absolute绝对的；autonomous自治的；basic基本的；junior初级的；年少的；last最近的；最后的；持续v；literary文学的；possible可能的；possibility可能性；traditional传统的；举例：1、If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible; who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time; who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.2、人物描写Abandon放弃 ability能力；abnormal反常的；absurd荒谬的、可笑的；ache疼；admirable令人倾佩的； aggressive好斗的；有闯劲的；lovely可爱的；pity同情；【年龄】teenager青少年；adult成年人；【国家】America美国；美洲；American美洲的；美洲人的；Asia亚洲；Asian亚洲人；Europe欧洲；European欧洲的；欧洲人；【衣着】boot长筒靴；cap帽子；glove手套；handbag手提包；handerchief手帕；hat帽子；jacket短上衣；夹克衫；jeans牛仔裤；overcoat大衣；pocket口袋；scarf围巾；头巾；shorts短裤；shirt衬衫；shoe鞋；silk丝织品；skateboard冰鞋；滑板；skirt裙子；sneaker运动鞋；sleeve袖子；sock短袜；stocking长筒袜；sweater毛衣；厚运动衫；trousers裤子；长裤；T-shirt T恤衫；underwear内衣；uniform制服；vest背心；内衣；【表情】afraid害怕的；awesome可怕的；杰出的；awful可怕的（口语）；alive活跃的；amaze使吃惊；amazing令人惊异的；anger愤怒n；angry生气的；annoy烦恼；anxious焦虑的；anxiety忧虑；appetite食欲；爱好；cheerful快活的；兴高采烈的；hate恨；mad发疯的；pale苍白的；sad悲哀的；sadness悲哀；忧伤；shy害羞的；sorry难过的；sorrow 悲痛n；torror恐怖；terrify使人感到恐怖；terrible可怕的；tense紧张的；tension紧张；thrill兴奋n；使激动v；【心态】alone孤独的；automatic自动的；机械的；无意识的；boring无聊的；careful小心的；careless漫不经心的；粗心的；glad高兴的；glare怒视；happy高兴的；harmful有害的；horrible恐惧的；讨厌的；panic恐慌的；pleased高兴的；pleasure高兴；pleasant令人愉快的；舒适的；regret遗憾；scare惊吓；upset扰乱v；心烦的adj；worried闷闷不乐的；worry发愁v；烦恼n；【方向】along沿着；alongside在-的侧面；并排；ahead 先前的；among在-之间；【声音】aloud大声地；【地理】Antarctic南极的；Atlantic大西洋的；ocean海洋；Oceania大洋洲；Pacific太平洋的；【医疗】cancer癌症；virus病毒；waiting-room候诊室；prescription处方；recipe处方；drug药；毒品；pill药片；tablet药片；poison毒药；【省市】province省；city城市；town城镇；village 乡村；rural 乡下；农村的；country 故乡；国家；【物品】baggage 行李；luggage行李；basin水盆；bat球棒；bath浴室；bathrobe浴衣；bathtub澡盆；battery电池；bedroom卧室；camera；chair椅子；CD= compact disk激光唱盘；cigar雪茄烟；cigarette香烟；fridge= refrigerator冰箱；parcel小包；包裹；package包；包裹；pencil铅笔；pen钢笔；pillow枕头；pipe管子；烟斗；purse钱包；quilt被子；rag抹布；razor剃须刀；recorder录音机；record唱片；schoolbag书包；software软件；socket插座；soap肥皂；spade铲子；spear矛；spoon匙；stair楼梯；suite家具；套房；suitcase小提箱；衣箱；sword刀剑；tape磁带；tap龙头；switch开关；thermos热水瓶；toothbrush牙刷；toothpaste牙膏；towel毛巾；toy玩具；typewriter打字机；tyre（tire）轮胎；umbrella雨伞；vase花瓶；violin小提琴；wallet钱包；皮夹子；wall墙壁；wax蜡；wool羊毛；绒线；window窗户；【家具】carpet地毯；curtain窗帘；cushion垫子；cupboard碗柜；drawer抽屉；jar罐子；坛子；kettle水壶；mat席子；垫子；pan平底锅；saucer茶碟；小圆盘；sofa沙发；stove炉；table桌子；表格；tank箱；罐；tap龙头；switch开关；television电视；washroom厕所（美）；【亲属】aunt伯母；姑妈；uncle叔叔；姑父；舅舅；brother兄弟；colleague同事；companion同伴；同事；cousin堂（表）兄弟；姐妹；grandparents祖父母；grandson外孙子；grandpa爷爷；外公；niece侄女；甥女；nephew侄子；外甥；relation关系；relative亲戚；【学校】college专科院校；学院；dormitory宿舍（dorm）；gym= gymnasium健身房；体育馆；hall大厅；礼堂；harbour港口；pupil小学生；school学校；scholarship奖学金；schoolboy/gilr男女学生；schoolmate同校同学；university；【信体词】appreciate感激；appreciation感谢；apologize道歉；apology道歉；appeal请求【形容词】comfortable舒服的；comfort舒服n；complete完全的；complex复杂的；合成的；content满意的；consistent一致的；constant经常的；cosy舒适的；安逸的；correct恰当的；correction改正；damp潮湿的；dangerous危险的；delicious美味的；delighted高兴的；disabled残疾的；digital数字的；disgusting令人厌恶的；diverse不同的；多变的；energetic精力旺盛的；enjoyable愉快的；enough足够；endless永无止境的；elegant文雅的；excellent极好的；优秀的；extreme极端的；favourite（favorite）喜欢的；fantastic极好的（口语）；flexible灵活的；fragile易碎的；fragrant芳香的；forgetful健忘的；freezing极冷的；frequent经常的；fresh新鲜的；former以前的；friendly友好的；hardworking努力工作的；humorous富于幽默的；hopeless没有希望的；hopeful有希望的；hungry恶的；messy乱七八糟的；merry高兴的；merciful仁慈的；modest谦虚的；noble高贵的；optional随意的；optimistic乐观的；oral口头上的；outgoing即将离职的；对人友好的；outstanding突出的；显著的；outspoken坦率直言的；peaceful和平的；perfect完美的；permanent永久的；plain普通的；polite有礼貌的；positive积极的；popular流行的；potential潜在的；practical实际的；present现存的；出席的；powerful强有力的；precious早先的；precise精确的；precious宝贵的；private私人的；privilege特权；public公共的；proud骄傲的；punctual准时的；pure纯的；quiet安静的；racial种族的；race种族；rapid快的；rare罕见的；reasonable合乎情理的；recent近来的；regular规则的；经常；remote遥远的；ripe成熟的；rough粗糙的；roundabout迂回的；round圆的；salty咸的；safe安全的；sad悲伤的；selfish自私的；senior年长的；sensitive敏感的；shabby破旧的；separate单独的；shallow肤浅的；small小的；smart灵巧的；时髦的；soft柔和的；socialist社会主义的；social社会的；slight轻微的；stout矮胖的；顽强的；steady稳固的；straight一直的；straightforward正直的；直截了当的；strange奇怪的；stubborn顽固的；坚决的；难处理的；strict严格的；stupid愚蠢的；subjective主观的；sunny晴朗的；surrounding周围的；supreme极度的；suitable合适的；superb庄重的；华丽的；极好的；super特级的；极好的；surrounding周围的；superior较高的；tall高的；swift快的；tasteless无滋味的；tasty味道好的；systematic系统的；tiny极小的；tired疲劳的；tiresome令人厌倦的；tough坚硬的；棘手的；traditional传统的；troublesome令人烦恼的；typical典型的；ugly丑陋的；unbearable无法忍受的；unbelievable难以置信的；uncertain不确定的；unfair不公平的；unfortunate不幸的；unique统一的；独特的；universal普遍的；unconscious无意识的；uncomfortable不舒服的；不安的；unusual不平常的；useful有用的；useless无用的；unwilling勉强的；usual通常的；vague不清楚的；valid有效的；vain徒劳的；无效的；upper较高的；valuable有价值的；various各种各样的；voluntary自动的；自愿的；wealthy富裕的；warm温暖的；热烈的；weak弱的；wide宽的；widespread普遍的；分布广的；wise聪明的；wild野蛮的；willing愿意的；wonderful惊人的；极好的；bright明亮的；brilliant灿烂的；brave勇敢的；bravery勇气；challenging具有挑战性的；gifted有天赋的；grand宏伟的；【常见词汇】Bacon咸猪肉；bacterium细菌（pl. bacteria细菌）；bonus奖金；红利；blame责备；bless祝福；boom繁荣；brake闸；刹车v；brochure小册子；broadcast广播；budget预算；burglar夜贼；candidate候选人；cash现金；clone克隆；click点击；comment评论；commercial商业的；贸易；committee委员会；commitment承担义务；comprehension理解；包含；compromise妥协；折中；compulsory必须做的；conflict冲突；contradict同-矛盾；conservative保守的；contrary相反；controversial争议的；constitution宪法；构造；criterion标准；criminal罪犯；crime犯罪；debate辩论；debt债务；data数据；database数据库；dawn黎明；defeat战胜；defend防守；degree程度；digest消化；领会；discrimination歧视；evolution进展；进化；exist存在；express表达；export出口；extension延伸；expand扩张；expense消费；framework结构；forever永远；form形式；found成立；generation代；greedy贪婪的；income收入；independence独立；independent独立的；industry工业；ignore不理睬；illegal违法的；immigration移民；indicate指出；initial最初的；intelligence智力；聪明；inspire鼓舞；激励；institution公共机构；institute研究院；instead代替；irrigation灌溉；judge判断；judgement 判断；law法律；mass众多；大量；maximum最大量；matter事件；mental精神的；mention提及；mind思想；negotiate谈判；novel（长篇）小说；offence犯罪；oppse反对；opposite相反；optimistic乐观的；parking停车n；park停车v；patent专利权；pedestrian行人；penny便士；pension养老金；perform表演；履行；period时期；perfume香味；performer表演者；performance演出；phrase短语；perhaps或许；pile堆；poisonous有毒的；politics政治；pound英镑；power动力；电力；predict预测；prejudice偏见；principle原则；print印刷；preparation准备；premier总理；pride骄傲；prescription处方；prove证明；province省；programme节目；punish惩罚；pulse脉搏；pull拖；publish出版；questionaire调查表；问卷；queue长队；raise使升高；饲养；random随意；question询问；问题；quarrel争吵；referee仲裁人；裁判员；refer谈到；提及；reject拒绝；regulation规章；rectangle长方形；remove移动；repeat重说；reputation名声；representative代表；represent代表v；restriction限制；result结果；retell重复；retire退休；return归还；review重新调查；回顾；评论；republic共和国；resist抵抗；robot机器人；rocket火箭；rock岩石；schedule时间表；semicircle半圆；seminar研究会；sentence句子；审判；sew缝；shade树荫处；shadow影子；separation隔离；separate使分离；share分享；shape塑造；serve招待；servant佣人；sight视力；signal信号；situation形式；sink下沉；sort分类v；soul灵魂；starvation饥饿；stick粘住；坚持；木棒；status身份；状况；statue雕像；state状态；国家；州；statement声明；starve饿死；start开始；stare盯；凝视；submit递交；subscribe捐款；订阅；substitute代用品；替代者；stress压力；强调；vote投票；选举；同义替换1occur 替换 think of Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. _3seek替换want / look forThey looked for to hide themselves behind the trees. _4average 替换ordinaryIm an ordinary student. _5but替换very The film we saw last night was very interesting. The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting. The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6seat 替换sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady sat by the road, looking worried. _7suppose 替换shouldHe is should to have driven more slowly. _8appreciate 替换thankThank you very much for you help. _.9the case替换 trueI dont think it is true. _10on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research. _11due to替换because ofHe arrived late because of the storm. _12cover替换walk/readAfter walking 10 miles, we all felt tired. _13contribute to替换 be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. _14round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearbyThe summer vacation is coming soon. Do you have any plans? _15come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. _16have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a good time. _17come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often thinks of new ideas. _18set aside替换saveSome students think that they should save some of their pocket money for books. _19be of + n. 替换adj. The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.20refer to 替换talk about/of, mentionThe professor you talked about is very famous. _21can not but / can not help but替换have to doI had to go home. _22more often than not替换usually Usually, the meaning of many words can be easily guessed. _23lest替换so that /in order that I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. _25be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is very interested in collecting stamps. _26more than替换veryIm very glad to learn that you are coming in September. _ If there is anything I can do for you, I would be very glad to help. _27perfect (ly) 替换good/ very wellHe speaks good English. _28do sb a/the favor 替换helpWould you please help me to turn down the radio? _29the other day替换a few days agoA few days ago my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. _30in the course of替换during During the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety. _31the majority of替换mostMost of the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema. _32consist of替换be made up ofOur class is made up of 50 students. _33be worn out替换 be tired / brokenAfter five hours non-stop work, we all tired. _My shoes are broken. Please buy me a new pair. _34become of替换 happenWhat do think has happened to him ? _35attend to替换look after Mother look after to the baby while I went to the dance._My mother was very ill; I had to look after her._36on condition that替换as long asAs long as it gives me pleasure, it is my hobby._37nevertheless替换howeverThe cop told them to clear out, however they seemed not to hear._He has faults, however, we love him._38express ones satisfaction with替换be satisfied with How can we be satisfied with the settlement deal?_One shouldnt be satisfied with only a little success._39spare no efforts to do替换try ones best to doIll try my best to do a good job on my post._As a citizen of Shanghai, I feel I must try ones best to do my bit._40many a 替换manySo, though, has many computer virus._Many great man has succeeded only through trial and error._41be rushed off ones feet 替换be busy in doingHe was busy in his study._The shop is busy in the Christmas season._42a handful of替换a little / someSome people can live without meat. _Do you mind if I give you some advice? _43meanwhile替换at the same timeAt the same time, house prices are falling in America and Britain. _At the same time, inequality has become worse. _44get to ones feet替换stand up Dont let anyone hurt you. You should stand up for yourself! _45beneath替换underAt night, they chat under the stars. _The euphemism now lies buried under the rubble of reality. _46occasionally替换sometimes /once in a whileBut they often work too hard and sometimes forget to relax. _Stop and let the world go on without you once in a while. _47for instance替换for exampleFor example, they dreamed of falling or of being attacked. _For example, we can acqui