高中英语 Unit 16《Stories》学案3 北师大版选修6

高中英语 Unit 16Stories学案3 北师大版选修6类别课标要点重点单词1._ vt.放弃，遗弃2._ vt.保护，保存3_v. 目击 4._ vi. 发生5_ v. 聚集 6. n. 悲伤，难过7 vi. 爆炸；冲，闯 8._ _ vt. 使泄气，使灰心9_ adj. 严重的，严厉的 10._ adj. 准确的，精确的11_ adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的 12._ adj. 渴望的，热衷的13_ v. 扩大，扩充 14. adj. 复杂的15_ adj. 明显的，显而易见的 16._ n. 突破，重大发现17_ adv. 特别地，特定地 18._ n. 遗失，丢失19_ n. 同情 20._ n. 重要性，影响深远的abandonpreservewitnessoccurgathersorrowburstdiscourageseverepreciseprecious eagerexpandcomplexapparentbreakthroughparticularlylosssympathysignificance常用短语1._出现2._撞倒某人3_ 堵住 4._ 从某种程度上说5_ 断绝关系，分成小部分 6._ 以命名7_ 支撑起 8._ 依靠9_-_ 理解 10._ 容忍，忍受come_into_viewknock_sb.overblock_out in_a_way split_up name.after hold_up count_on figure_out put_up_with 典型句式1.Another man，lying on his side，looks _ he is trying to get up.躺在他旁边的另一个人看上去好像在试图站立起来。2 Helen understood the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多使用它们。3_ was an experience that she remembered well.学习“爱”(love)这个词的过程是她记忆深刻的一个经历。4Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything I touched it.她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。asif NowthatTryingtolearn the word “love” unless discourage vt.使泄气，使灰心discourage sb.from doing sth.设法阻止某人做某事，打消某人做某事的念头be/get discouraged 变得灰心，泄气His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor.他的父母试图阻止他当演员。Learners can get discouraged if an exercise is too difficult.如果练习太难，学习者就可能变得灰心。discouraging adj.令人失去信心的，使人气馁的discouragement n气馁，泄气，失去信心encourage v鼓励encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事Despite all these discouragements，she refused to give up.尽管遇到这么多挫折，她仍不气馁。1.完成句子_(令我们大失所望的是)，our team lost the game.【答案】To our great discouragementwitness vt.目睹，目击；为作证；n.目击者，见证人；证据witness an accident/a murder/a quarrel目击一项事故/谋杀事件/一场争吵witness to sth./doing sth.为作证witness that.证明，作证说witness against 作不利的证明give witness on behalf of sb.为某人作证We witnessed the most important scientific development of the century.我们目睹了本世纪最重要的科学发展。No one could witness that you were at present.没有人能作证你在现场。witness n目击者，见证人；证据give/bear witness (to sth.)为作证；证明in witness of 作为的证明His ragged clothes were a witness to his poverty.他的破烂衣服可以证明他很贫穷。You were a witness to their quarrel.你是他们吵架时的目击者。2.用所给词的适当形式填空：(1)The last of the 19th century_(witness) the steady improvement in the means of travel.(2)A passerby witnessed to_(see) the accused enter the building.(3)The year 2008_(witness) the great changes in peoples way of life.【答案】(1)witnessed(2)having seen(3)has witnessedadmire vt.赞赏；钦佩；羡慕 admire sb./sth.赞赏某人/某物admire sb.for羡慕某人的admire sb.as钦佩某人是admire oneself in the mirror照镜子admiration n(只用单数)钦佩，赞美have great admiration for sb.敬佩某人with/in admiration心怀敬佩地Visitors to Beijing greatly admire our Palace Museum.到北京的游客非常赞赏我们的故宫博物馆。I admire her for bravery.我钦佩她的勇敢。He is always looking in the mirror，admiring himself.他常常对着镜子自我欣赏。We visited the Palace Museum with admiration.我们怀着敬佩的心情参观了故宫。envy sb./sth.忌妒/羡慕某人/某物I dont envy him his money problems.我不羡慕他那些金钱问题。3.While going around the city，the visitors admired_.Athe beauty of the whole cityBthat the whole city was beautyCthe whole city its beautyDthe beauty for the whole city【解析】由题意可知“游客们赞美城市的美景”。admire后可接名词、代词作宾语，但不接从句。“因某方面而赞美某人/物”要在admire后接被赞美的对象，如本题中the city，for后接原因。【答案】Aoccur vi.发生 (happen)；存在 (exist)；被发现 (be found)(sth.)occur to sb.(sth.)come into a persons mind想到；想起It occurs to sb.that.某念头浮现于某人脑海When did the accident occur？事故是什么时候发生的？It never occurred to John that his wife might be unhappy.约翰从来没有想到他的妻子可能会不快乐。happen to sb.发生在某人身上happen to do sth.碰巧做某事take place发生；举行The sports meeting will take place next weekend.运动会下周举行。4.It_to me that we can telephone Mr Wang and see whether he knows how to deal with the situation.AoccursBstrikesChappens Dtakes place【解析】句意为“我突然想到我们可以给王先生打个电话，看是否他知道如何处理这一局面”。不能说It takes place to sb.that.；It happens to sb.that碰巧，它不表达“在脑海中出现某种想法”。只有作“发生”讲，occur才等于happen。It strikes sb.that.It occurs to sb.that.，strike为及物动词。【答案】Aburst(burst，burst) vt.& vi.(使)爆炸；(使)突然发作；充满burst in突然闯入；突然插嘴burst in on/upon打扰burst into突然闯入burst into tears/laughter/flamesburst out crying/laughing/burning突然/哭/笑/燃烧起来be bursting withbe filled with充满；挤满The storm burst and we all got wet.突然下起了暴雨，我们都淋湿了。A man with a gun in his hand burst into the bank.一个持有手枪的人突然闯入银行。I burst in on their meeting thinking that the room was empty.我以为房间是空的，没想到打扰了人家的会议。burst n破裂；爆炸；(感情等的)爆发a burst of laughter/anger一阵大笑/大怒At the news，he jumped with a burst of anger.听到此消息，他拍案而起。5.Hearing the news，she burst into_and burst_the room.Acrying；out Btears；inCcrying；into Dtears；out of【解析】burst into tears突然大哭起来；burst out of the room冲出屋子。如果选B应把in改为into。【答案】Dacquire vt.获得，取得 acquire a good reputation获得好名声acquire much knowledge获取丰富知识The company has just acquired new equipment.公司刚刚购得了新设备。His latest acquisition is a racehorse.他最近购得了一匹赛马。gain，win，get，earn与acquire用法比较：(1)gain指在斗争、竞争中做出很大的努力而“获得”，所得的东西常具有一定的价值。(2)win含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为“赢得”。(3)get为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能得到。(4)earn意为“赚得”，表示经过艰苦努力所得的报酬。(5)acquire意为“获得，取得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。The old man earns his living by begging.那位老人靠乞讨为生。6.用acquire，gain与get的适当形式填空：(1)I managed_two tickets for the concert.(2)Im afraid she is_a reputation for her careless work.(3)The car_speed as it went down the hill.【答案】(1)to acquire(2)getting(3)gainedapparent adj.明显的；清楚的；表面上的 be apparent to sb.对某人来说很明显for no apparent reason没有明确的理由apparently adv.看起来；显然It is apparent that.很明显Her anxiety was apparent to everyone.大家都看得出她焦虑不安。It soon became apparent that our opponents were too strong for us.很快就看出，我们的对手太强。She managed to climb out of the car，apparently unhurt.她设法爬出了车外，看上去并未受伤。plain，apparent与obvious用法比较：(1)plain adj.明白的，清楚的，常用词，意为“明显清楚的”，强调没有误解或混淆的可能性。(2)apparent adj.明白，显然的，指可以看得见的东西时多用本词。(3)obvious adj.明显的，指极为明显，表示有目共睹。Its quite plain (to me) that you havent been paying attention to listening to it.(在我看来)你显然一直都没好好留意听。Its quite apparent that she has no intention of changing her mind.显而易见，她无意改变自己的主意。There are obvious disadvantages in this plan.这个计划有许多明显的不利之处。7.It was becoming increasingly_that the old man could no longer look after himself.Aapparent BdoubtfulCnotable Dtransparent【答案】Abreakthrough n(知识或技术领域)的重大突破；重大进展(发现)；(军事上的)突围 breakup n(关系或合作的)决裂breakdown n机械的故障；瓦解；失败；身体衰弱breakin n闯入某建筑物breakout n(尤指强行)越狱The breakup of their marriage surprised no one.他们的婚姻破裂谁都不觉得奇怪。The strain of his job led to the complete breakdown of his health.他工作过度紧张，把身体完全累垮了。Police are investigating a breakin at the bank.警方正在调查有人闯入银行的事件。break out 爆发break into闯入The robbers broke into the house and took the treasure away.强盗闯进房子把宝物带走了。8.Scientists have made a major_in cancer research.Abreakin BbreakthroughCbreakup Dbreakdown【解析】句意为“科学家在癌症研究方面取得了一次重大突破”。【答案】Babandon vt.& n放弃；放任 abandon vt.作“放弃”讲时，后常接表示事物的名词；作“抛弃，遗弃”讲时，后常接表示人或事物、场所、地点的名词；作“放任”讲时，后常接反身代词。abandon作名词用时，表示“放纵”。abandon oneself to沉溺于with abandon放任/纵地，纵情abandon doing sth.放弃做某事abandon smoking (a ship，ones friends)戒烟(弃船、抛弃朋友)abandoned adj.被抛弃的，放荡的，放任的；无耻的In his early days he abandoned medicine for literature.他早年弃医学文。He abandoned his wife and went away with all their savings.他抛弃了妻子并带走了所有的积蓄。He abandoned himself to despair.他自暴自弃。abandon，desert，give up与leave用法比较：(1)abandon指完全、最终和永久的放弃。(2)desert强调故意逃避应尽的义务和职责，违背誓言，含有非难或指责之意。(3)give up为常用词，常用于口语，与abandon同义。(4)leave 强调“离开(某地)”或“留下(某物)”。They had abandoned (given up) all hope.他们放弃了一切希望。9.A good mother would not_her baby.Aabandon BleaveCdesert Dquit【解析】句意为：一个好的母亲是不会丢弃自己的孩子的。【答案】Atire vt.使厌烦；使疲劳 tire sb.outwear sb.out使某人精疲力竭be tired outbe worn out精疲力竭be tired of (doing) sth.厌倦了(干)be tired from/with因而疲倦be bored of (doing) sth.厌倦了(干)be bored to death厌烦得要死He was tired out after the long walk.长途跋涉以后他累坏了。He was tired with the hard work.这项艰苦的工作把他累得精疲力尽。tiring/boring adj.令人厌倦的Im really afraid of his tiring speech.我真害怕他那烦人的讲演。10.Im too tired_ a word after the long climb and even tired_ the scenery.Aof speaking；to see Bto tell；of watchingCto speak；of enjoying Dto have；to enjoy【解析】be too tired to do太累以致不能做；be tired from/with.因(原因)而疲劳；be tired of 厌倦，讨厌。【答案】C11(2009年浙江卷)_and short of breath，Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.ATo be tired BTiredCTiring DBeing tired【解析】句意为：虽然疲惫不堪，气喘吁吁，Andy和Ruby还是第一批登上泰山山顶。分词和形容词短语作状语，说明他们俩到达泰山山顶时的状况：又累又喘不过气来。A项表目的；B项表伴随或结果。D项表原因。C项意为“令人疲惫的”不合语意。【答案】Bsympathy U 同情；同情心 sympathy for/towards sb.对某人同情in sympathy with sb./sth.对某事业等表示支持或赞同have no (some，etc.) sympathy with sb./sth.不同意(同意)某人的观点等She never expressed any sympathy when I was injured.我受伤时她从未表示过同情。Im sure she will be in sympathy with your proposal.我确信她一定赞成你的建议。I have some sympathy with that point of view.我比较赞成这种看法。show mercy tohave mercy on 怜悯take pity on同情Never take pity on your enemy.不要同情你的敌人。12.The engineers have rejected the employers proposals to end the strike and the other workers have come out in _.Aopposition BsympathyCreturn Dreadiness【解析】句意为“工程师们拒绝了雇主要求结束罢工的提议，其他的工人对此表示支持”。【答案】Bexpand v扩大，扩充expand sth.使膨胀，扩大expand on/upon sth.详述，充分叙述Metals expand when they are heated.金属受热会膨胀。As children grow older they expand their interests and become more confident.随着儿童的成长，他们的兴趣会变广，人也会变得更自信。Could you expand on that point，please?请你把那一点详细说明一下，好吗？expand，extend与spread用法比较(1)expand(使)(尺寸、数字或数量等)扩大，增加(活动量)，扩大(活动范围)。(2)extend延伸，延长(建筑或道路、时间等)，扩大(控制、影响力等)，伸展(手臂、腿等)。(3)spread把(物)铺开、张开，(疾病、感情、问题或火等)蔓延，(消息、思想等)流传，传播，扩展(使能覆盖大的面积)，张开(手臂、双腿等)。Then youll spead your wings and youll take to the sky/sea.然后你张开翅膀飞向天空/大海。13.完成句子20世纪60年代，这个镇子的人口迅速增加。The population of the town_rapidly in the 1960s.【答案】expandedfigure out 理解，弄明白；计算出figure sth.in将某事物包括在内，计算在内figure on sth.计划，指望figure sth.in将某事物包括在内，计算在内figure on sth.计划，指望 figure n数字，价格，图表，画像put a figure on sth.报价double figures 两位数a historical figure 历史人物He has an income of six figures.他有六位数字的收入。She was the central figure of the novel.她是小说的中心人物。14.They really have a great time too，designing everything，drawing the blue prints，_the angles (角度) and so on.Alooking out Btaking outCfinding out Dfiguring out【答案】Dhold up举起；使停顿，耽误 hold out伸出；维持；抵抗hold back阻挡，抑制，控制(情绪、情感等)，隐瞒；犹豫hold on (打电话时用语)请等一下，不要挂上hold on to抓住；保持，不要放弃hold ones breath屏息No one can hold back the wheel of history.谁也无法阻挡历史前进的车轮。From his nervousness，I could tell that he was holding back something.从他那种紧张的神情，我看得出他隐瞒了什么。catch/get/grab/seize/take hold of抓住，拿住，握住He caught hold of the rope and climbed up to the top.他抓住绳子，爬上了顶部。15.Hes so determined that no one can_from making an attempt.Ahold back him Bhold him backChold him up Dhold to him【解析】hold back在此意为“阻止”，其宾语为代词时，应放在中间。【答案】Bknock sb.over将某人撞倒/翻在地 knock about/around反复打击；(浪)击船；碰撞；流浪knock down撞倒；打倒；拆除knock into sb.撞到某人身上knock at (on)敲门(窗)knock.out (of.)把(从)敲出Knock the nail out (of the board)把钉子(从木板上)敲出来。The cars been knocked about but it still goes.汽车虽然受到多次碰撞，但仍能开。He almost knocked me over.他险些把我撞倒了。beat，hit，knock与strike用法比较：该组词均表达“打，击”之意，但beat通常指反复地、连续地打或敲；也可以表示心脏跳动。hit可与strike通用，指一般的打或击，有时也可指一次性的打击，强调打中或击中。knock含有轻敲、轻打之意。strike多指给某人或某物一击或用力敲打。常与介词at连用。The boy was beaten black and blue all over.这男孩被打得浑身青一块紫一块。Walking in the street，he was hit by a stone on the forehead.他在大街上走着，突然一块石头砸在了他的额头上。 16.As a young man，he suffered a lot from poverty.He used to_in the market，trying to find a job for a few coins.Aknock into Bknock downCknock on Dknock about【解析】句子表“游逛”之意。【答案】Dcome across偶然遇到 meet with 偶然遇见get (sth.) across (to sb.)(使某事)被人理解I came across an old classmate on the square this morning.今天上午在广场上我遇到一位老同学。Hes not good at getting his ideas across.他不善于表达思想。come out出现，出版，结果是come about发生come along/on过来，赶快，进展come back恢复记忆；回想起come to苏醒；发生；总数达；关于come up发生，出现，走近come up with提出come up to接近，向走来come over来访come at朝扑来come under把归类come into being形成，开始存在，产生When did the world come into being? 世界是何时开始存在的？17.As you_new words in a context，it is a very good method for you to guess their meanings.Acome about Bcome acrossCcome out Dcome up【答案】B18(2010年合肥模拟)The book which_at the end of last year turned out to be a great success in Shanghai.Acame about Bcame upCcame out Dcame around【解析】句意为：去年年底出版的那本书在上海被证明是个巨大的成功。come about产生，发生；come up发芽，流行，发生，讨论，出现；come out长出，露出，传出，出现，出版；come around恢复知觉，回来。【答案】CNow that Helen understood the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.既然明白了语言的要点，海伦就很渴望学到更多的词语，并且尽可能多地使用它们。now that既然(接条件状语从句)，that可省略，与since用法相同。Now (that) you mention it，I do remember the incident.既然你提到了它，我想起那件事了。Now youve passed your test，you can drive on your own.现在你驾驶考试已经合格，你可以独自开车了。(every)now and then时常，偶尔，不时just now刚才from now on从现在开始，今后for now目前，眼下Snakes come near the house now and then.有几条蛇时不时地爬到屋子边上来Thats all for now.眼下就这些。19._you wont help us，I have to turn to others.AAlthough BBecauseCFor DNow that【解析】now that是连词引导一个句子，that可以省略。A项“尽管”；B项“因为”；C项“因为”，皆不合题意。【答案】DIt was the first time Helen had understood such a complex worda word for something she couldnt touch. 这是海伦第一次明白这样一个复杂的词一个她触摸不到的东西的含义。It is/was the first/second.time (that).这是第一次/二次that从句中用相应的完成时态，it可换为this或that。This is the third time you have been late.这是你第三次迟到了。the first time与for the first time用法比较th