英语unit5学案- 语法 动词- ing形式作状语的用法（新人教版选修6）.doc

高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Unit 5 The power of natureII 语法：动词的- ing形式作状语的用法1 动词的- ing形式作状语，可以表示原因、时间、结果、条件、让步、方式等。（1） 动词的- ing形式作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。Being so ill, she cant go back to work yet.(= As she is so ill, she cant go back to work yet.) 由于病得厉害，她还无法回去上班。（2） 动词的- ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。有时强调分词短语所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，可在分词前加上when和while.Hearing the bad news, she burst into tears. (= When she heard the bad news, she burst into tears.) 当她听到这个坏消息时，她大哭起来。Be careful when crossing the street. (= Be careful when you cross the street.) 过马路时要小心。（3） 动词的- ing形式作结果状语，相当于一个结果状语从句，须放在被修饰动词的后面。The fire lasted for three hours, killing 15 workers in all. (= The fire lasted for three hours, so it killed 15 workers in all. ) 这场大火持续了3小时，总共15个工人丧生。（4） 动词的- ing形式作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。这类分词前常加if, unless 等。Meeting anywhere else, we wouldnt have recognized each other. (= If we had met anywhere else, we wouldnt have recognized each other.) 如果在其它地方碰面，我们相互都不会认出彼此。If playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. (= If you play all day, you will waste your valuable time.) 如果整日玩耍，你将浪费你宝贵的时间。（5） 动词的- ing形式作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。常有though, although等连接词。Although working day and night, he still couldnt make enough money to pay off his debts. (= Although he worked day and night, he still couldnt make enough money to pay off his debts.) 尽管他整日整夜地工作，他还是无法挣到足够的钱还债。（6） 动词的- ing形式作方式状语，表示伴随情况。He makes a living selling fruit and vegetables. 他靠卖水果和蔬菜为生。2-ing形式的时态变化 （1）一般说来，-ing 的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生或在谓语动词之前发生。 He came to visit me, bringing his younger sister with him. (同时发生) 他带着他的小妹妹一起来看我。 Finishing his homework, he began to watch TV. (在谓语动词前发生) 做完作业后，他开始看电视。 （2）-ing的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，常作时间状语或原因状语。 Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. 找到旅馆后，我们找一处吃饭的地方。试一试：1 She sat there silently, thinking (think)about what to do next.2 Having missed (miss)the bus, we had to walk home.3 Watching (watch) the play, she couldnt keep back her tears.4 Not knowing (know)how to do it, he went to the engineer for help.5 It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.6 You can complete the work ahead of time if taking (take)my advice.7 Not having seen (see) him before, I didnt recognize him.8 Having collected (collect) all the necessary material, she began to write her report.9 Walking (walk) over to her desk, she picked up a pen.10. A lorry broke down in Bond Street, causing (cause)a massive traffic jam.名师引路：注意：分词短语作状语，如果与句子主语在逻辑上为主动关系用doing或having done; 如果与句子主语在逻辑上为被动关系可用having been done 或done试比较H