完形填空99-01-02-05-07.doc

99年6月Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag (喷气飞行时差反应). Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone _61_ making mistakes. It is actually caused by _62_ of your “body clock”-a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological _63_. The body clock is designed for a _64_ rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it _65_ daylight and darkness at the wrong times in a new time zone.The _66_ of jetlag often persist for days _67_ the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone Now a new anti-jetlag system is _68_ that is based on proven _69_ pioneering scientific research.Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has _70_ a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone _71_ controlled exposure to bright light, The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates _72_ of the discomfort of jetlag. A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact time to either _73_ or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule _74_ light exposure depends a great deal on _75_ travel plans. Data on a specific flight itinerary (旅行路线) and the individuals sleep _76_ are used to produce a Trip Guide with _77_ on exactly when to be exposed to bright light. When the Trip Guide calls _78_ bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark out-side, or the weather is bad, _79_ you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light _80_ for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.1261.A) forB) fromC) toD) of（C）62.A) ruptureB) corruptionC) eruptionD) disruption（D）63.A) actionsB) functionsC) reflectionD) behavior（B）64.A) regularB) formalC) continualD) circular（A）65.A) retainsB) encountersC) possessesD) experiences（B）66.A) diseasesB) symptomsC) signsD) defects（D）67.A) whileB) whereasC) ifD) although（A）68.A) adaptableB) approachableC) availableD) agreeable（C）69.A) broadB) inclusiveC) tentativeD) extensive（D）70.A) devisedB) recognizedC) scrutinizedD) visualized（A）71.A) atB) throughC) inD) as（B）72.A) mostB) leastC) littleD) more（A）73.A) attainB) shedC) retrieveD) seek（D）74.A) onB) withC) forD) in（C）75.A) uniqueB) specificC) complicatedD) peculiar（B）76.A) normB) modeC) patternD) style（C）77.A) directoriesB) instructionsC) specificationsD) commentaries（B）78.A) offB) onC) forD) up（C）79.A) orB) andC) butD) while（A）80.A) agitationB) spurC) accelerationD) stimulus（D） 61.C62.D63.B64.A65.B66.D67.A68.C69.D70.A71.B72.A73.D74.C75.B76.C77.B78.C79.A80.D2001年1月In the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the _61_ half of the 19th century; most of _62_ were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S., the day nursery movement received great _63_ during the First World War, when _64_ of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented (前所未有) numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established _65_ in munitions (军火) plants, under direct government sponsorship. _66_ the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose _67_, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, _68_, federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control _69_ the day nurseries, chiefly by _70_ them and by.The _71_ of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were _72_ called up on to replace men in the factories. On this _73_ the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, _74_ $6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities _75_ this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared _76_ in daycare centers receiving Federal _77_. Soon afterward, the Federal government _78_ cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later _79_ them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their _80_ at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.61.A) latterB) lateC) otherD) first（B）62.A) thoseB) themC) whoseD) imitation（B）63.A) impetusB) inputC) imitationD) initiative（A）64.A) sourcesB) abundanceC) shortageD) reduction（C）65.A) hardlyB) entirelyC) onlyD) even（D）66.A) BecauseB) AsC) SinceD) Although（D）67.A) unanimouslyB) sharplyC) predominantlyD) militantly（B）68.A) thereforeB) consequentlyC) howeverD) moreover（C）69.A) overB) inC) atD) about（B）70.A) formulatingB) labelingC) patentingD) licensing（A）71.A) outsetB) outbreakC) breakthroughD) breakdown（B）72.A) againB) thusC) repeatedlyD) yet（A）73.A) circumstanceB) occasionC) caseD) situation（B）74.A) regulatingB) summoningC) allocatingD) transferring（C）75.A) expandedB) facilitatedC) supplementedD) compensated（C）76.A) byB) afterC) ofD) for（D）77.A) pensionsB) subsidiesC) revenuesD) budgets（B）78.A) prevalentlyB) furiouslyC) statisticallyD) drastically（D）79.A) abolishedB) diminishedC) jeopardizedD) precluded（A）80.A) nurseriesB) homesC) jobsD) children（C）61.B62.B63.A64.C65.D66.D67.B68.C69.B70.A71.B72.A73.B74.C75.C76.D77.B78.D79.A80.C2002年12月When women do become managers, do they bring a different style and different skills to the job? Are they better, or worse, managers than men? Are woman more highly motivated and _71_ than male managers?Some research _72_ the idea that woman bring different attitudes and skills to management jobs, such as greater _73_, an emphasis on affiliation and attachment, and a _74_ to bring emotional factors to bear _75_ making workplace decisions. These differences are _76_ to carry advantages for companies, _77_ they expand the range of techniques that can be used to _78_ the company manage its workforce _79_.A study commissioned by the International Womens Forum _80_ a management style used by some woman managers (and also by some men) that _81_ from the command and control style _82_ used by male managers.Using this “interactive leadership” approach, “women _83_ participation, share power and information, _84_ other peoples self-worth, and get others excited about their work. All these _85_ reflect their belief that allowing _86_ to contribute and to feel _87_ and important is a win-win _88_good for the employees and the organization. The studys director _89_ that “interactive leadership may emerge _90_ the management style of choice for many organizations.”71.A) confrontedB) commandedC) confinedD) committed（D）72.A) supportsB) arguesC) opposesD) despises（A）73.A) combinationB) cooperativenessC) coherenceD) correlation（B）74.A) willingnessB) loyaltyC) sensitivityD) virtue（A）75.A) byB) inC) atD) with（B）76.A) disclosedB) watchedC) revisedD) seen（D）77.A) thereforeB) whereasC) becauseD) nonetheless（C）78.A) helpB) enableC) supportD) direct（A）79.A) evidentlyB) preciselyC) aggressivelyD) effectively（D）80.A) developedB) inventedC) discoveredD) located（C）81.A) derivesB) differsC) descendsD) detaches（B）82.A) inherentlyB) traditionallyC) conditionallyD) occasionally（B）83.A) encourageB) dismissC) disapproveD) engage（A）84.A) enhanceB) enlargeC) ignoreD) degrade（A）85.A) themesB) subjectsC) researchesD) things（D）86.A) managersB) womenC) employeesD) males（C）87.A) faithfulB) powerfulC) skillfulD) thoughtful（B）88.A) situationB) statusC) circumstanceD) position（A）89.A) predictedB) proclaimedC) defiedD) diagnosed（A）90.A) intoB) fromC) asD) for（C）71.D72.A73.B74.A75.B76.D77.C78.A79.D80.C81.B82.B83.A84.A85.D86.C87.B88.A89.A90.CAlthough there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to learn that system. They are thereby shut _61_ from the world of books and newspapers, having to _62_ on friends to read aloud to them.A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major _63_ in providing aid to the _64_. His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that _65_ any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like _66_ through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons _67_ Cyclopss keyboard, a blind person can “read” any _68_ document in the English language.This remarkable invention represents a tremendous _69_ forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs $50,000. _70_, Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller _71_ improved version that will sell _72_ less than half that price. Within a few years, Kurzweil _73_ the price range will be low enough for every school and library to _74_ one. Michael Hingson, Director of the National Federation for the Blind, hopes that _75_ will be able to buy home _76_ of Cyclops for the price of a good television set.Mr. Hingsons organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people have been _77_ in those tests, making lots of _78_ suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops.“This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies _79_ a product was put on the market, Hingson said. “Most manufacturers believed that having the blind help the blind was like telling disabled people to teach other disabled people. In that _80_, the manufacturers have been the blind ones.”61.A) upB) downC) inD) off（D）62.A) dwellB) relyC) pressD) urge（B）63.A) executionB) distinctionC) breakthroughD) process（C）64.A) paralyzedB) uneducatedC) invisibleD) sightless（D）65.A) scansB) enlargesC) sketchesD) projects（A）66.A) behaviorB) expressionC) movementD) voice（D）67.A) onB) atC) inD) from（A）68.A) visualB) printedC) virtualD) spoken（B）69.A) strideB) trailC) haulD) footprint（A）70.A) LikewiseB) MoreoverC) HoweverD) Though（C）71.A) butB) thanC) orD) then（A）72.A) onB) forC) throughD) to（B）73.A) estimatesB) considersC) countsD) determines（A）74.A) settleB) ownC) investD) retain（B）75.A) schoolsB) childrenC) familiesD) companies（C）76.A) modelsB) modesC) casesD) collections（A）77.A) producingB) researchingC) ascertainingD) assisting（D）78.A) trueB) valuableC) authenticD) pleasant（B）79.A) afterB) whenC) beforeD) as（C）80.A) occasionB) momentC) senseD) event（C）61.D62.B63.C64.D65.A66.D67.A68.B69.A70.C71.A72.B73.A74.B75.C76.A77.D78.B79.C80.CHistorically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them. _62_ that logic, 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still _63_ in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S. history, on _64_ TV. Anyone who didnt know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made _65_ worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our _66_ to work together before everything goes to hell.Granted, some amount of delusion (错觉) is probably part of the _67_ condition. In A.D. 63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work _68_, in the same spotuntil they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a _69_ of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at _70_ themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we _71_ did about the dangers we face. But it turns _72_ that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is _73_ the storm, the quake or the _74_ itself. More often, it is ourselves.So what has happened in the year that _75_ the disaster on the Gulf Coast? In New Orleans, the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls. They have got the walls to _76_ they were before Katrina, more or less. Thats not _77_, we can now say with confidence. But it may be all _78_ can be expected from one year of hustle (忙碌).Meanwhile, New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to _79_ the sick a