改写同义句专项练习.doc

改写同义句专项练习内容小结总所周知，语言是思想、情感交流的载体。相同的意思有时可以用不同的方式表达。了解并学会多种表达法，能更好地适应交际的需要。同义句转换也是常考题型。此类题型考生失分较大。现归纳以下解题方法与思路。一、运用同义词或同义词组e.g.1. I got a letter from my brother last weekend.= I heard from my brother last weekend.2.His little sister could dress herself when she was three years old.= His little sister was able to dress herself at the age of three.这类题目首先要注意比较上下两句，找出需要改动的地方，运用同义词或同义词组进行转换。还要注意把握两句的时态、数的单复和主谓一致等。二、运用反义词或反义词组e.g.1.She failed the English exam last time.= She didnt pass the English exam last time.2.His house is near the school.= His house isnt far from the school.= His house is close to the school.这类题目可以否定句中的动词或形容词，是两句意思相符。仍然要注意动词时态一致。三、动词短语转换成介词短语e.g. 1.Yesterday Mr. King went to New York by air.= Mr. King flew to New York yesterday.此类题目关键就是使用恰当的介词短语，还要注意动词时态一致。四、单句转换成复句，或者复句转换成单句e.g. 1.She found him a very clever student.= She found that he was a pretty clever student.2.The gate is quite wide.Two cars can go through it at the same time.= The gate is so wide that two cars can go through it together.此类题目需要熟悉一些重要的句型和短语。例如：tooto; sothat; notuntil等。还要注意了解相关转换类型，如：without短语与if/ unless条件状语从句的转换；enough to与sothat的转换；tooto,notenough to, sothatnot的相互转换等。五、同一单词的不同词性相互转换e.g.He promised to help us.= He made a promise to help us.此类题目要求学生在记单词的时候要理解它们的词性。功在平时，博闻强识。六、并列复合连词连接或改写原句e.g. .Maria has been to Shanghai, so has Kate.= Both Maria and Kate have been to Shanghai.此类题目特别要注意时态的一致，主语和谓语在数上的一致。还要对象一些短语比较熟悉，例如：eitheror, bothand., neithernor; not onlybut also。还有一些句型，例如：So +动词+主语；, too.等。七、主动语态与被动语态的转换e.g. Father made his children work hard every day.= The children were made to work hard every day.此类题目要注意时态的一致，主语和谓语在数上的一致，短语的完整性。特别注意有些主动语态中生的省to不定时改为被动语态后要还原不定时符号to.八、动作动词与状态动词的相互转换e.g.I borrowed this book from the school library three weeks ago.= I have kept this library book for three weeks.此类题目既要要求对一些动作动词（常是瞬间动词）相关的状态动词（常是非延续动词）很熟悉，还要注意时态的变化，通常是一般现在时变为现在完成时。特别注意瞬间动词不能与表示一段的时间状语联用；有些句子在变化时主语要作一定的调整。九、宾语从句与动词不定式之间的转换e.g.Please tell me how I can get to the nearest post office.= Could you tell me how to get to the nearest post office?此类题目要求学生明白疑问词与动词不定时连用的含义，构成不定时结构如：how to,when to, what to, where to等。还要注意一些含动词不定式的短语，如：ask sb.(not) to do sth., tell sb. (not) to do sth.等。十、直接引语和间接引语间的转换e.g.1.“Listen carefully, Jack.” Said the Math teacher.= The math teacher _ Jack _ _ carefully.2. “What does your feather do?” Mrs. Yang asked .= Mrs. Yang asked him _ _ father _.此类题目要注意陈述语序和疑问语序间的转换、时态的变化、人称代词的变化、物主代词的变化，以及一些时间、地点甚至指示代词的变化。十一、含形容词的短语和含副词的短语间的转换e.g.The rain was heavy last night.= It rained heavily last night.此类题目关键就是理解句子含义，灵活地运用相关的不同词性的词或短语。十二、陈述句与感叹句及两种形式感叹句间的转换e.g.The boy drew a very beautiful flower.= How beautiful a flower the boy drew1= What a beautiful flower the boy drew!此类题目要求学生能够完全掌握what和how引导的感叹句的构成，并能灵活运用。十三、形容词、副词三种等级之间的转换e.g.Henry is taller than the other students in our class.= Henry is the tallest student in our class.此类题目需要学生能够熟悉形容词、副词的构成规律，能够灵活运用一些有关形容词和副词比较等级的句型结构，如：（1）more and more,（2）the +比较级+of the two;（3）The +比较级, the +(另一词)比较级。特别要清楚表示最高级范围的结构，如：（1）in+组织/单位，（2）of +与主语同类别的人或物。表示排除主语的结构，如：（10）the other +名词复数；（2）any other +名词单数。表示相同性质比较的结构，as+形容词/副词（原级）+as; not as/soas.。解题时注意交换句子主语，用反义词进行改写；或者用比较级表示最高级含义。十四、“祈使句+and/or”结构与if条件状语从句间的转换e.g.If you run a little faster, youll catch up with your classmates.= Run faster, and youll catch up with your classmates.此类题目要注意句子的肯定与否定，正确使用and和or。十五、形式主语/宾语it和不定式主语/宾语及从句、动名词间的转换混合练习（A）1. They are good at playing football.They play football _ _.2. You must look after yourself and keep healthy.You must _ _ _yourself and keep _.3. Jane will find work in her free time. Jane is _ _ get a part-time job. 4. She is good at jumping.She _ _ _ jumping.5. You d better stay in bed until tomorrow.Youd better not _ _ until tomorrow. 6. How is the weather today? _ the water _ today? 7. She is calling me, I must go .She is calling, I _ _ go. 8. Im sorry hes busy right now.Im sorry hes busy _. 9. He is examining the patients. He is _ _ the patients.10 I will let you know that as soon as I can.I will let you know that _ _ _ _. 11. What does Kangkangs father do ? What _Kangkangs fathers _? 12. He cared for the patients all the time.He cared for the patients _ _ _.13. Could you please turn down the music? Would you _ _ the music? 14 Let me look at your book.Let me _ _ _ _your book.15. He didnt go to school, but he went to the park instead.He went to the park _ _ _ to school. 16. Pets are difficult to take car of. _ is difficult _ _ pets. 17. Youre too tired. Why dont you have a rest.Youre too tired. _ _ have a rest? 18. Lily is sure to be in the meeting room now.Lily _ _ in the meeting room now. 19. Thank you for your help.Thank you for _ _.20. I prefer tennis. I _ tennis _.21. Im sorry for my words.Im sorry for _ _ _ . 22. We are sure to win next time. We are sure _ _ can win next time. 23. Lets play games, shall we? _ _ playing games? 24. I like Beijing Duck best.Beijing Duck is _ _. 25. Lets take a bus there tomorrow.Lets go there _ _ tomorrow. 26. I wear a red dress and my sister wears a red dress, too.My sister wears _ _ clothes _ I .27. I dont know what to do to fight germs.I dont know what _ _ do to fight germs. 28. I cant finish the work without your help.I cant finish the work _ you _ help me.29. She badly hurt after falling off the bike.She _ herself badly when she _ off the bike.31. There arent any pears in the basket.There are _ _ in the box. 32. The school bus takes over two hours to get back to my school.The school bus takes _ _ two hours to get back to my school.（B）1.It was his first visit to his native country since 1948. 2.Do you two know each other? 3.After you get this job done, take a trip abroad. 4.The pain nearly drove him crazy. 5.He commanded that roads be built to link castles across the land. 6.Language is a capital instrument in communication. 7.Apart from english, he have a good command of russian. 8.Whats the official reply? 9.English is widely spoken throughout the world. 10.China is a united country of many ethnic groups. 11.The nation was unable to resist the invasion.12.In addition, current revision status must be maintained. 13.He has been trading in antique furniture for 25 years. 14.Could you come into the conference room? 15.In brief, industrial pollution must be effectively contained. 16.The present system of education needs to be improved. 17.You are wrong about the facts to begin with. 18.How to be a successful language learner? 19.We will grasp this opportunity and do our best. 20.What special skills do you have? 21.Is there anything you want to improve? 22. We provide our children with food and clothes. 23.Is that a safe environment for a child? 24.He spoke perfect English. 25.Whats the most enjoyable part of your job? 26.We have known the rewarding experience. 27.Exercise is helpful for controlling high blood pressure. 28.This method has many advantages. 29.Dont get into the habit of changing your mind all the time. 30.You must get used to living alone. 31.Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 32.You have to correctly answer each question. 33.Train students spirits of helping and collaboration. 34.Clearly I am not well trained but I will try to make up for that. 35.Before she ran away, she left a note explaining her actions. 36.He is currently chief scientist with niit. 37.Please focus on one of the key issues. 38.Let me say a few words, just to set the ball rolling. 39.Let me say a few words, just to