高三英语二轮复习 阅读理解人物传记类课件.ppt

人物传记类 专题一 专题导读 人物传记是记叙文体的一种 主要描写某人的生平事迹 趣闻轶事 生活背景 个性特征 成长和奋斗历程等 包含记叙文的时间 地点 人物 事件等要素 其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线 空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终 脉络清楚 可读性较强 这类文章常采用倒叙的写作方法 即首先用几句话来简单介绍这个人 接着介绍这个人的出生 成长过程 然后再记述他 她 一两件主要的事情或业绩 来反映他 她 的思想 品德和情操 最后作者会对他 她 进行评论 从而表达作者对他 她 的情感 专题一 专题导读 人物传记类文章一般较长 而且该类命题的题量也较多 文章中往往会出现关于该人物的大量细节信息 有些细节很直接 只需理解字面意思即可 有些则很间接 需要综合 归纳 推理才能得出 因此 该类命题既注重考查对特定细节理解的准确性 又注重考查推理判断能力 另外 虽然人物传记类文章的时间 空间或逻辑线索较清晰 但是为了提高难度 命题者往往使用倒叙 插叙或补叙等手段故意打乱故事的陈述次序 使行文的跳跃性增强 情节复杂化 专题一 真题再现 2010 湖南 whenmarymoorebeganherhighschoolin1951 hermothertoldher besureandtakeatypingcoursesowhenthisshowbusinessthingdoesn tworkout you llhavesomethingtorelyon maryrespondedintypicalteenagefashion fromthatmomenton theverylastthingieverthoughtaboutdoingwastakingatypingcourse sherecalls 专题一 真题再现 theshowbusinessthingworkedout ofcourse inhercareer marywonmanyawards onlyrecently whenshebegantowritegrowingupagain didsheregretignoringhermom idon tknowhowtouseacomputer sheadmits 专题一 真题再现 unlikeher1995autobiography afterall hersecondbookislessaboutlifeasanaward winningactressandmoreaboutlivingwithdiabetes 糖尿病 allthemoneyfromthebookisintendedforthejuvenilediabetesresearchfoundation jdrf anorganizationsheservesasinternationalchairman ifelttherewasaneedforabooklikethis shesays ididn twanttolecture butiwantedotherdiabeticstoknowthatthingsgetbetterwhenwe reself controlledanddoourpartinmanagingthedisease 专题一 真题再现 butshehasn talwayspracticedwhatsheteaches inherbook shedescribesthatawfulday almost40yearsago whenshereceivedtwopiecesoflife changingnews first shehadlostthebabyshewascarryingandsecond testsshowedthatshehaddiabetes inachildlikeact sheleftthehospitalandtreatedherselftoaboxofdoughnuts 甜甜圈 专题一 真题再现 yearswouldpassbeforesherealizedshehadtogrowup again andtakecontrolofherdiabetes notletitcontrolher onlythendidshekickherthree pack a daycigarettehabit overcomeheraddictiontoalcohol andbegintofollowabalanceddiet 专题一 真题再现 althoughherdiseasehasaffectedhereyesightandforcedhertothesidelinesofthedancefloor sherefusestofallintoself pity everybodyonearthcanask whyme aboutsomethingorother sheinsists itdoesn tdoanygood nooneisimmune 免疫的 toheartachepain anddisappointments sometimeswecanmakethingsbetterbyhelpingothers i vecometorealizetheimportanceofthatasi vegrownupthissecondtime iwanttospeakoutandbeashelpfulasicanbe 专题一 真题再现 1 whydidmaryfeelregretful a shedidn tachieveherambition b shedidn ttakecareofhermother c shedidn tcompleteherhighschool d shedidn tfollowhermother sadvice 2 wecanknowthatbefore1995mary a hadtwobookspublishedb receivedmanycareerawardsc knewhowtouseacomputerd supportedthejdrfbywriting 专题一 真题再现 3 mary ssecondbookgrowingupagainismainlyabouther a livingwithdiabetesb successfulshowbusinessc serviceforanorganizationd remembranceofhermother 4 whenmaryreceivedthelife changingnews she a lostcontrolofherselfb beganabalanceddietc triedtogetatreatmentd behavedinanadultway 专题一 真题再现 5 whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph a maryfeelspityforherself b maryhasrecoveredfromherdisease c marywantstohelpothersasmuchaspossible d marydeterminestogobacktothedancefloor 专题一 真题再现 文章大意 本文主要介绍了玛丽 摩尔职业生涯及与病魔之争 1 d细节理解题 根据第二段onlyrecently whenshebegantowritegrowingupagain didsheregretignoringhermom idon tknowhowtouseacomputer sheadmits 可判断选d 2 b细节理解题 根据第二段 theshowbusinessthingworkedout ofcourse inhercareer marywonmanyawards 可判断选b 专题一 真题再现 3 a细节理解题 根据第三段 hersecondbookislessaboutlifeasanaward winningactressandmoreaboutlivingwithdiabetes 糖尿病 可判断选a 4 a细节理解题 根据第四段 inachildlikeact sheleftthehospitalandtreatedherselftoaboxofdoughnuts 甜甜圈 yearswouldpassbeforesherealizedshehadtogrowup again andtakecontrolofherdiabetes notletitcontrolher 可判断选a 专题一 真题再现 5 c推理判断题 根据最后一段中的marymoore所说的话 i vecometorealizetheimportanceofthatasi vegrownupthissecondtime iwanttospeakoutandbeashelpfulasicanbe 可推断她想尽可能地去帮助他人 故选c 专题一 专题预测 一 rogeryonchientsien bornfebruary1 1952 isanamericanbiochemistandaprofessoratthedepartmentofchemistryandbiochemistry universityofcalifornia sandiego hewasawardedthe2008nobelprizeinchemistryforhisdiscoveryanddevelopmentofthegreenfluorescentprotein gfp withtwootherchemistsosamushimomuraandmartinchalfie 专题一 专题预测 tsienhadanumberoftopengineersinhisextendedfamily includinghisfatherhsue chutsien whowasamechanicalengineerandhismother sbrotherswhowereengineeringprofessorsatmit bothoftsien sparentscamefromzhejiangprovince china thefamousrocketscientisttsienhsue shen regardedastheco foundingfatherofjplofcaltechandlaterthedirectorofthechineseballistic missileprogram isacousinoftsien sfather 专题一 专题预测 tsien sbrotherrichardtsienisalsoarenownedscientistatstanford tsien whocallshisownworkmolecularengineering oncesaid i mdoomedbyhereditytodothiskindofwork 专题一 专题预测 heattendedharvarduniversityonanationalmeritscholarship wherehewaselectedtophibetakappaasajunior aftercompletinghisbachelor sdegree hejoinedthephysiologicallaboratoryattheuniversityofcambridgeincambridge englandwiththeaidofamarshallscholarship hereceivedhisphdinphysiologyfromchurchillcollege universityofcambridgein1977 hewasaresearchfellowatgonvilleandcaiuscollege universityofcambridgefrom1977to1981 专题一 专题预测 academiccareeraftercompletinghisphdatcambridgeuniversity hewasappointedtothefacultyattheuniversityofcalifornia berkeley from1982to1989 since1989hehasbeenworkingattheuniversityofcalifornia sandiego asprofessorofpharmacologyandprofessorofchemistryandbiochemistry andaninvestigatorofthehowardhughesmedicalinstitute 专题一 专题预测 researchtsienisrenownedforrevolutionizingthefieldsofcellbiologyandneurobiologybyallowingscientiststopeerinsidelivingcellsandwatchthebehaviorofmoleculesinrealtime in2004 tsienwasawardedthewolfprizeinmedicine in2006hebecameaforeignfellowoftheroyalsocietyintheuk dr tsienalsohelpspromotescienceeducationtopromisingyoungscientiststhroughthefirst everlunchwithalaureateprogram 专题一 专题预测 1 wecaninferfromthearticle a rogeryonchientsienwasborninchinaandbroughtupinamericab rogeryonchientsien sfamilyseemtohaveagreatgiftforsciencec rogeryonchienachievedmoreachievementsthanosamushimomuraandmartinchalfied tsienhsue shenisthenephewofrogeryonchientsien 专题一 专题预测 2 theunderlinedword renowned probablymeans a newb well knownc goodd reliable 3 whatdidtsienmeanwhenhesaid i mdoomedbyhereditytodothiskindofwork a histeacheraskedhimtodothework b hehastodosuchkindofworkforhehasnootherinterest 专题一 专题预测 c hisparentsforcehimtodoresearchintothescience d hewasborntostudysciencebecausetherearesomanyscientistsinhisfamily 4 whichofthefollowingmightbeauniversity a gfp b phibetakappa c mit d sandiego 专题一 专题预测 5 whichofthefollowingcanbechosenasthebesttitle a rogeryonchientsienwonnobelprizefor2008b rogeryonchientsienandhisfamilyc thegreatachievementsofmr tsiend ashortintroductionofrogeryonchientsien 专题一 专题预测 文章大意 本文主要介绍了rogeryonchientsien获得诺贝尔奖以及他的科学家血统的家族和他的学习经历 1 b推理判断题 通过第二段 tsienhadanumberoftopengineersinhisextendedfamily 以及此段后面列举的rogeryonchientsien家族的父辈 祖父辈等都是工程师 科学家的表述得知他们家族在科研方面的天赋 而a中的 borninchina 文中没有提到 专题一 专题预测 由文中第一段 hewasawardedthe2008nobelprizeinchemistryforhisdiscoveryanddevelopmentofthegreenfluorescentprotein gfp withtwootherchemistsosamushimomuraandmartinchalfie 并不能说明他获得的成就高于另外两人 由 thefamousrocketscientisttsienhsue shen regardedastheco foundingfatherofjplofcaltechandlaterthedirectorofthechineseballistic missileprogram isacousinoftsien sfather 可以看出d的表述刚好反过来 专题一 专题预测 2 b词义猜测题 通过上文对rogeryonchientsien这位科学家获得2008诺贝尔化学奖以及后文对他在科研方面突出成就的描述可以猜出 此处的renowned应该是 闻名于世 的意思 3 d推理判断题 通过第二段对他家族如此多的科学家的表述 又由tsien whocallshisownworkmolecularengineering oncesaid i mdoomedbyhereditytodothiskindofwork 可推测这句话最可能的意思就是 祖祖辈辈遗传下来 命中注定要做这个工作的 专题一 专题预测 4 c细节理解题 由第二段 includinghisfatherhsue chutsien whowasamechanicalengineerandhismother sbrotherswhowereengineeringprofessorsatmit 得出 mit是个大学名字 a错误 由第一段 thegreenfluorescentprotein gfp 可知 c错误 由第三段 heattendedharvarduniversityonanationalmeritscholarship wherehewaselectedtophibetakappaasajunior 可知其中哈佛大学才是university d错误 由第四段 since1989hehasbeenworkingattheuniversityofcalifornia sandiego 可知 加利佛尼亚大学在sandiego市 专题一 专题预测 5 d标题归纳题 a b c均不全面 前三段对rogeryonchientsien获得诺贝尔奖以及他的科学家血统的家族和他的学习经历分别进行了介绍 专题一 专题预测 二 michaeljosephjacksonwasbornonaugust29 1958 hewasborningary indiana hewastheseventhchildoutofninechildreninhisfamily michaelwasoftenphysicallyabusedbyhisfather beatenupandalsoverballyabused butmichaelalsoowedhissuccesstohisfather sbeingstrict michaelwasalwaysanentertainer evenwhenhejustjoinedschool hewouldperforminfrontoffriendsandclassmates michaelstartedhisprofessionalmusiccareerattheageof11 asamemberofthejacksonfive 专题一 专题预测 he swell knownforincreasingthepopularityofmtvthroughhismusicvideos beforethis musicvideosweremadejusttopromotethealbums butmichael svideosmanagedtochangethatinvideosbeingmadeasanart andforbigbusiness someofthemusicvideosthataregoodexamplesofthisfactarebeatit billiejean andthriller throughtheseworksofhis theworldgotcaughtontotheideaofmusicvideosanddedicatedmusicvideochannels 专题一 专题预测 michaelenthralledhisfansandaudienceswithhisstyleofsinging dressing andhiscomplexdancemoves especiallythe moonwalk themoonwalkissomethingthatpeoplefromeverypartoftheglobeloveandtrytoimitate peoplehavealsodonemassmoonwalksallaroundtoshowtheirlovetowardshim 专题一 专题预测 michaeljacksonsupported39charities throughhisworkandvariousfoundations heraisedanddonatedmillionstowardcharity muchmorethananyothershowman hehadgreatloveforchildren especiallythepoorones andhefeltchildrenwerethenextbestthingaftergod 专题一 专题预测 michaelplanedtostarta50 concerttourinjuly2009 sadly on25thjune 2009 michaelpassedawayathome michaeljacksonwasagreatperformer showmanandentertainer besidesthegoodhumanandcharitablepersonthathewas it sveryunlikelythattherewilleverbeanotherentertainerlikemichaeljacksoneveragain 专题一 专题预测 1 whichofthefollowingtopicsisnotdescribedaboutmichaeljacksoninthepassage a childhood b personallife c musiccareer d charity 2 accordingtothepassage michaeljackson a livedahappylifeasachildb fellinlovewithmusicat11c lovedperformingatschoold wasgratefultohisfathersince