天津市武清区杨村中考英语复习 定语从句课件.ppt

定语从句讲解练习 概念 什么是定语从句 在复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 其作用是修饰主句中的某一名词或代词 修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 e g doyouknowtheman whocametoseexiaowangthismorning 名词 定语从句 先行词 e g thereissomebodyhere whowantstospeaktoyou 这里有人要和你说话 代词 定语从句放在先行词之后 先行词由关系代词或关系副词引导 关系词放在它们中间 关系代词 who whom that which whose关系副词 when where whye g 1 heisamanwhomweshouldalllearnfrom 他是一个我们都应当学习的人2 istillrememberthedaywhenifirstcameto定语从句的翻译 要点 注意 用法 1 定语从句修饰人 用who that who和that一般可互换 有时可省去 如人后有介词 则必须用whom e g thepeople who that youweretalkingtowerejapanese isshethegirlthatsellsflowers heisamanthatyoucansafelydependon 他是一个你能依靠的人 thegirltowhomispokenismycousin thegirlwho thatispokentoismycousin 区别相似关系词 由who whom和whose引导的定语从句who在从句中作主语 whom在从句中作宾语 whose在从句中作定语 e g 1 thisisthethiefwhostolemybike 这就是偷我自行车的那个贼 2 heistheboywhomyouwantedtofind 他就是你想要找的那个男孩 3 thegirlwhosemotherisadoctoriswaitingforyououtside 妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你 2 修饰物用which that e g thetrainwhich thathasjustisforxi an thepenthat whichyougavemeisverynice thisisthequestionthatwe vehadsomuchdiscussionabout thisisthequestionaboutwhichwe vehadsomuchdiscussion 用法 3 when指时间 在定语从句中做时间状语 1 istillrememberthedaywhenifirstcametotheschool 2 thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame 4 where指地点 在定语从句中做地点状语 1 shanghaiisthecitywhereiwasborn 2 thehousewhereilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown 5 why指原因 在定语从句中做原因状语 1 pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane 2 idon tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday 判断关系代词与关系副词 重点 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分 先行词在从句中做主 定 宾语时 选择关系代词 who whom that which whose 先行词在从句中做状语时 应选择关系副词 where地点状语 when时间状语 why原因状语 判断改错 thisisthemountainvillagewhereivisitedlastyear thisisthemountainvillage which ivisitedlastyear iwillneverforgetthedayswhenispentinthecountryside i llneverforgetthedays which ispentinthecountryside 巩固练习 1 isthismuseum youvisitedafewdaysago a whereb thatc onwhichd theone2 isthisthemuseum theexhibitionwasheld a whereb thatc onwhichd theone d a 解释 1 thismuseum作主语 theone代替主语作先行词 且作宾语 省去which 2 themuseum作状语 判断改错 用横线表示出错误并改正 1 thisisthemountainvillagewhereivisitedlastyear 2 iwillneverforgetthedayswhenispentinthecity 改1 where改成which 因为themountainvillage作宾语 2 when改成which 因为thedays作宾语 介词 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时从句常由介词 关系代词引导 1 theschool that which heoncestudiedinisveryfamous theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous 注意 2 tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazine that which youaskedfor tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked 3 we llgotohearthefamoussinger whom that who wehaveoftentalkedabout we llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 a 在therebe句型中 只用that 不用which b 在不定代词 如 anything nothing theone all much few any little等作先行词时 只用that 不用which c 先行词有theonly thesame thevery all any no much等修饰时 只用that 强调 d 先行词为序数词 数词 形容词最高级时 只用that e 先行词既有人 又有物时 f 当主句以who which开头时 用that避免重复 all glittersisnotgold irealizethatthereisverylittle icanofferhim theonlything mattersistofindourwayhome thisistheverygoodfilm ihaveseen lookatthemanandhisdonkey arecorssingthebridge whoisthestudent youoftensay that that that that that that 不用that的情况 a 引导非限定性定语从句时 例如 错 thetree thatisfourhundredyearsold isveryfamoushere 改正 that改为which b 介词后不能用 例如 wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood 我们依赖土地获得食物 做到精益求精 wedependonthelandthat whichwegetourfoodfrom 定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句的先行词和关系词常用逗号隔开 且不能用that引导 e g 1 shehadeightchildren threeofwhomlivedtogrowup 2 smoking whichisabadhabit isverypopular 勇攀高峰强化训练 don ttalkaboutsuchthingsof youarenotsure a whichb whatc asd thoseisthisthefactory youvisitedtheotherday a thatb wherec inwhichd theone 3 isthisfactory someforeignfriendsvisitedlastfriday a thatb wherec whichd theone4 isthisthefactory heworkedtenyearsago a thatb wherec whichd theone5 thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces couldn tbefound a thatb wherec inwhichd inthat 6 i lltellyou hetoldmelastweek a allwhichb thatc allthatd which 7 thetwothings theyfeltveryproudarejim sgoldwatchanddella shair a aboutwhichb ofwhichc inwhichd forwhich 8 ilikethesecondfootballmatch washeldlastweek a whichb whoc thatd 9 hefailedintheexaminat