Immigration policies 移民政策.doc

Immigration policiesImmigration policy in Australia Australia is considered “a traditional country of immigration”. Since 1945, almost six million people have come to Australia as new settles. After World War, immigration to Australia mushroomed as a result of a terrible labor shortage and a growing belief that substantial population growth was essential for the countrys future. By 1950, almost 200,000 people have arrived in Australia from various European countries. A million more immigrants arrived during the following four decades. Recently, about 100,000 people immigrate to Australia every year. Today, nearly one fourth of Australians were born overseas. A multicultural policy was adopted in 1973, advocating a multicultural-based society, diversity of ethnic groups and cultural identities, equality of all regardless of ethnic origin, in the labor market and social life. There is also a diversity of religion. The current immigration program is global and does not discriminate on racial or ethnic grounds. If one can satisfy the criteria, including being in good health and having a good character, one will be considered. Other criteria also include family reunions and humanitarian cases.Immigration policy in CanadaCanada is an immigrant country. However, before World War, Canada used to have a racist immigration policy which actively discriminated against racial and religious minorities. It was after World War that Canadian government realized the fallacy of the old system and began to adopt a new policy, the “point system”, to eliminate prejudice. Since then, Canada has opened its door to immigrants of all races and religious from any countries.People migrate to Canada for different purposes. No matter the purposes, applicants are required to pass the point system that Citizenship and Immigration Canada sets. Applicants get points for educational level, age, country quota, work experience, language ability, relatives living in Canada and personal adaptability, among other things. If you meet the basic requirements for immigration to Canada, you need to take a medical exam and pay an application fee, which is non-refundable even if you are not accepted. You also have to pay a landing fee, which is refundable even if you are accepted.At the end of the 20th century, a kind of anti-immigrant sentiment spread throughout Canada because the native-born people believed immigrants were competing with them for job opportunities and creating serious social problems. The federal government thus announced changes in the immigration policy that decreased the number of immigrants allowed into Canada. Nowadays, this change in attitudes toward immigration and the subsequent changes in immigration rules have made it more difficult for people to move to Canada. Similarities:1. Both Australia and Canada are immigration countries. They allow people from other countries move to their grounds.2. The two countries both had a racist immigration policy before World War.3. People who want to immigrate to Australia or Canada successfully must be up to immigration requirements.4. The immigration policies of Australia and Canada both get changed from old ones to new after World War.5. The new immigration policies of Australia and Canada are both global and emphasize to eliminate prejudice and racial discrimination.Differences:1. Criteria: Australia is following the criteria which including being in good health and having a good character, one will be considered. Other criteria also include family reunions and humanitarian cases. However, Canada is following the criteria which applicants get points for educational level, age, country quota, work experience, language ability, relatives living in Canada and personal adaptability, among other things.2. Purposes: People migrate to Canada for different purposes. Some would like to come to Canada as skilled workers and wish to get a Canadian Work Permit. Others may be interested in migration to Canada as investors or entrepreneurs. However, many people came to Australia because of they want to escape from the terrible labor shortage and growing belief.3. Sources: By 1950s, a lot of people arrived in Australia from various European countries. But immigration to Canada came from any countries.4.Current policies: In Australia, a growing belief that substantial population growth was essential for the countrys future. Australia hasnt made more strict policy in immigration recently. Today, nearly one fourth of Australians were born overs