10套题真题单词.doc

恩波英语大学英语4级考试历年真题精解词汇、难句释义2004.6此部分的单词要参照体例样板给出所在的段落和行。如有小标题，列出小标题。Part II Reading ComprehensionAdvertising Claims: 广告词1. claim (subtitle) n.(根据权利提出)要求, 要求权, 主张, 要求而得到的东西vt.(根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要2. inhabitant (para.1 line1): n.居民, 居住者3. consumer land (para.1 line1) 消费社会4. dumb (para.1 line2): 哑的, 无说话能力的, 不说话的, 无声音的; 十分不明智的；愚蠢的5. a bunch of (papa.1 line2): 一球; 一束; 一串; 一 捆6. sophisticated (para.1 line2): 老于世故的; 老练的复杂的; 精致的Are consumers really immune to ads?7. advertising campaign (para.1 line3) 广告宣传活动8. render (para.2 line1): 致使, 使变为What is the advertising claim?9. assertion (para.1 line1): 主张, 断言, 声明10. superiority (para.1 line1): n.优越, 高傲11. downright (para.1 line2 ): 明白的, 显明的, 率直的12. fall into (para.1 line3): 落入, 陷于(混乱,错误等), 注入, 开始, 分成, 属于Why are so many claims false?13. budget (para.1 line3): n.预算The rules of advertising claims14. identical (para.1 line3): adj.同一的, 同样的15. at first glance (para.1 line3): 乍一看The “So What” Claim16. so what (para1 line1): 那么又怎样呢; 结果怎样; 那有什么关系呢难句1. Many people are believers in their own immunity to advertising. (Advertising Claims para.1 line1)许多人相信自己对广告有免疫力.2. Their own purchases, they think, are made purely on the basis of value and desire, with advertising playing only a minor supporting role. (Advertising Claims para.1 line3) 他们以为自己买东西完全是根据商品的价值和个人的需求, 广告的作用是微小,次要的。3. A logical conclusion is that advertising works below the level of conscious awareness and it works even on those who claim immunity to its message. (Are consumers really immune to ads? para1 line2) 由此得出的合乎逻辑的结论是，广告在不知不觉地起着作用，甚至自称有免疫力的人也毫不例外地受到影响。4. They balance on the narrow line between truth and falsehood by a careful choice of words. (What is the advertising claim? para.1 line3) 他们靠精心的措辞，在真实和谎言间走钢索。5. Gasoline is a parity product, and, in spite of some very clever and deceptive ads of a few years ago, no one has yet claimed one brand of gasoline better thanand therefore superior to - any other brand. (The rules of advertising claims para.2 line4) 汽油是质量相似的产品， 尽管几年前曾出现过巧妙的甚至欺骗性的广告，但没有一家汽油公司声称过某种汽油比其他更好或更优质。6. A question is asked and the viewer and listener is supposed to answer in such a way as to affirm the products goodness. (The Rhetorical Question para.1 line1) 广告问一个问题,期望观众做出回答, 以对产品的优点表示肯定。Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A Q12. in person：亲自Q15. a teachers certificate: 教师证书Q16. deliver vt.递送, 陈述, 释放, 发表Why dont you quit and deliver flowers for me ? 你为什么不放弃那个工作而为我送花呢?Q17. extra: 额外的Youve asked the right person. 你问对人了.Q18. I thought it was 我原以为它是Conversation One1. prerequisite:首要必备的2. checkbook: 支票簿Conversation Two 1. assignment: 分配，任务2. patrol: 巡逻3. undercover: 秘密从事的 4. detective: 侦探5. supervise: 监督，管理 6. investigation: 调查，研究7. definitely: 明确地，干脆地 8. reaction: 反应，作用9. violation: 违反，违背 10. manifest: 表明11. ulcer: 溃疡,腐烂物 12. counseling: 咨询服务13. fanatic: 狂热的14. people back over policemen, people shoot policemen, people jump out at policemen. 人们从背后偷袭警察，人们枪击警察，人们突然跳出来袭击警察。Section B Passage One 1. imitate模仿, 仿效, 仿制, 仿造2. lose ones temper:发脾气Passage Two 1. guilty 犯罪的, 有罪的, 心虚的2. cell: (尤指监狱或寺院的)单人房间Passage Three: 1. indistinct: 不清楚的, 模糊的, 朦胧的2. efficient: (直接)生效的, 有效率的, 能干的3. would-be: 想要成为的4. route: 路线, 路程, 通道5. previous: 在前的, 早先的6. obtain: 获得, 得到此部分题号有些混乱Section C Compound Dictation1. copyright protection: 著作权保护Part IV Reading ComprehensionSection A 1. credit (para1.line6) 信任, 信用give credit to: 相信 信任2. variation (para.1. line6): 变化, 改变; 变量哪里的单词？3. compose (para3. line4): 组成，构成;作为.部分;创作难句1. This is particularly true about learning that is language-related. (para.1. line6) 与语言有关的学习尤其是这样(指父母比学校起的作用和影响要大). 2. The school rather than the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science.(para.1 line6) 学校而不是家庭对自然科学成绩的好坏起着重要的影响.Section BPassage One1. office politics (para.4 line2): 办公室/职场策略2. play the game (para.5 line4): 遵守比赛规则, 行动光明正大，3. assume (para.6 line1): v.假定, 设想4. derive from (para.6 line2): 得自, 由来, 衍生5. lobby (para.6 line3): v. 对(议员等)进行疏通活动; 用疏通的方法使(议案, 计划等)得以通过6. define (para.7 line1): 定义, 详细说明7. socialize(para.7 line2): 使适合社会需要; 使适于过社会生活8. candidate (para.8 line2): 候选人，候补人9. what it take (para.9 line 2): 美俚成功的必要条件10. favor (para.9 line3): 好感, 宠爱, 关切, 欢心, 好意, 喜爱11. speak up for (para.9 line3): 为.辩护; 替.讲好话难句1. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics- a better job, a raise, praise- many people are still unable- or unwilling - to “play the game”. (para.5 line2)但是，尽管职场策略可以带来诸如得到更好的工作、加薪、赞扬这些显而易见的回报，还是有许多人做不到或不情愿去遵照游戏规则办事。Passage Two1. hydrogen (para.1 line1): 氢2. legislation (para.1 line3): 立法, 法律的制定(或通过) 3. spell out (para.2 line1): 讲清楚, 清楚地说明4. instruct (para4. line2): 教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知5. separately (para.4 line2): 个别地;分离地6. deterrent(para.6 line2): adj.制止的, 威慑的7. fuse (para.7 line2 : 保险丝, 熔丝8. assemble (para.7 line2): 集合, 聚集, 装配9. fatal (para.5 line1): 致命的, 重大的, 命运注定的, 不幸的, 致命的, 毁灭性的难句1. They are now lobbying against any legislation to stop Americans from owing one.(para.1 line2) 他们游说反对任何禁止美国人拥有氢弹的立法.2. So what your association is backing is a program which would allow the middle and upper classes to acquire a bomb while poor people will be left defenseless with just handguns. (para.8 line1)因此,你们的协会所支持的方案只不过是让中上层阶级的人们拥有氢弹, 穷人们只有手枪,相形之下显得毫无防备能力.Part V ClozeQ64.call in v.召集, 召来, 来访call after 追喊, 以.命名, 在背后喊, call for 要求, 提倡, 为.叫喊, 为.叫call up 召唤, 使想起, 提出, 打电话给Q67. distinguish 区分，辨别，分清：感觉到不同的或有区别的acknowledge 承认, 答谢, 报偿identify 识别, 鉴别,确认，验明：确定的起源、性质或起决定作用的特征convey 传导，运传，输送; 传表，转达Q68. fight against v.对抗strike against: 反对.而罢工Q69. have no idea about sth. 不知道, 不清楚Q74. competitiveness 竞争comprehension 理解, 包含community 社区, 团体, 社会commitment 委托事项, 许诺, 承担义务Q79. consult 请教咨询：向请教或咨询：coach 教练：训练或指导，或起教练或私人教师作用instruct 教导, 命令, 指示Part VI Translation1. hold water （理论、计划等）证明正确合理, 说得通, （容器）不漏水2. assault 攻击, 袭击3. intense 强烈的, 剧烈的, 热切的, 热情的, 激烈的4. bridge架桥于之上, 缩短之间的距离 bridge the gap 跨越鸿沟5. interfere with: 干涉，干预，调停2005.1Part II Reading Comprehension 此部分的单词要参照体例样板给出所在的段落和行。如有小标题，列出小标题。Family Patterns Today1. institution (para.1 line1): 公共机构, 协会, 制度2. undergo (para1. line1): 经历, 遭受, 忍受Single-parent families 3. triple (para.1 line2): n.三倍数, 三个一组adj.三倍的vt.三倍与vi.增至三倍4. account for (para.1 line3): 导致，引起：构成决定性的或主要的因素：做出解释，提出理由Divorce 5. at current rate (para.1 line1):以目前的(增长)速度6. steep (para.1 line2): 陡峭的, 险峻的, 急剧升降的, 不合理的Out-of-wedlock birth7. drop out of school (para.2 line3): 中途休学Living alone 8. in part (para.1 line2): 部分地9. life expectancy (para.1 line2): n.平均寿命(=expectation of life)Intergenerational responsibility : “跨代”责任10. emerge (para.2 line1): 出现, 显现, 浮现, 暴露11. deficient (para.2 line2 : 缺乏的, 不足的, 不完善的12. thrive (para.3 line2 ): 兴旺, 繁荣, 茁壮成长, 旺盛13. draw on (para.5. line2): 戴上, 吸收, 利用, 引诱, 向.提取, 招来, 临近14. feasible (para. 6 line3): 可行的, 切实可行的哪里的词？在这里很突然啊：） 15. peril (para.7 line2): 危险16. avenue (para.7 line2): 林荫道, 大街, 方法, 途径, 路17. address (para.10 line1): 提出：提交（口头或书面的报告）以引起的注意：18. obstacle (para.10 line1): 障碍, 妨害物19. mandate (para.10 line3): (书面)命令, 训令, 要求, 委任托管 20. pre-and after-school care (para.10 line7) 学前和课余托管此处题号混乱难句1. The institution of family is undergoing radical transformation. Families today are more diverse, heterogeneous, and unstable than in previous decades.(Family Pattern Today para.1 line1) 家庭这种社会生活方式正在经历根本的改变，比起前几十年，今天的家庭更是多种多样，更复杂，更不稳定。2. of children whose parents divorce and remarry, half will experience a second disruption to family life before reaching 16. (Divorce para.1 line3) 在父母离婚和再婚家庭中的孩子，一半在16岁之前会经历第二次家庭分裂。3. Many analysts suggest that this added pressure disproportionately touches the women. (International responsibility para.1 line3) 许多分析家认为这种增加的压力过分地落到了妇女头上，她们原已担负着抚养自己子女的主要责任。4. Others see them as a courageous, desirable alternative to unhappy two-parent families. (International responsibility para.2 line3) 但另一些人则把它们看作取代不幸福双亲家庭的一种大胆、可取的抉择。5. On average, kids fare better in two-parent families. (International responsibility para.3 line1)一般来说，孩子在双亲家庭中日子过得好一些。6. But a sizable percentage of children in single-parent families thrive, and many in two-parent families do not. (International responsibility para.3 line2) 然而，单亲家庭的孩子中有相当大的比例茁壮成长，而不少双亲家庭的孩子并非如此。7. While it is somewhat easier to deliver these in two-parent families, some single-parent families do succeed by drawing on informal and formal support systems from neighborhoods, schools, and churches. (International responsibility para.5 line1) 尽管双亲家庭提供这些要多少容易一些，一些单亲家庭依靠来自街坊、学校和教堂的各种非正式和正式的支援组织也确实获得了成功。8. But a sizable percentage of children in single-parent families thrive, and many in two-parent families do not. (International responsibility para.3 line1)然而，单亲家庭的孩子中有相当大的比例茁壮成长，而不少双亲家庭的孩子并非如此。9. Our challenge is to discover ways to maximize the number of strong two-parent families and support all family efforts to raise healthy children, including efforts by single-parent families. (International responsibility para.5 line2)我们的任务是找到办法最大限度地扩大稳固双亲家庭的数量、并对家庭(包括单亲家庭)培养健康孩子的各种努力均予以支持。10. Community-based educational efforts to describe the perils of this avenue to single parenting are crucial. (International responsibility para.7 line2)以社区为基础努力开展教育活动以说明通向单亲化道路的危险性是极其重要的。11. address the economic issues. (International responsibility para.10 line1) 处理经济问题12. Half of all single mothers live below the poverty line, versus one out of 10 two-parent families. (International responsibility para.10 line2)单身母亲有一半生活在贫困线以下，与之相比，处于贫困中的双亲家庭只占十分之一。Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A Q11. subway entrance 地铁入口 get about 走动Q12. drop the class 停修这门课Q14. quit school 辍学Q15. want-ads 招聘广告Q16. term paper 学期论文Q17. spare copies 多余的材料Q18. the talk of the tongue 谈论的中心话题 I dont think its such a big deal. 我认为没什么了不起的。Conversation One1. You are supposed to get off at Exit 15.你应该在15号出口下车。Conversation Two1. slip: 滑动, 滑倒, 失足, 减退;下跌，滑落：从以前的或正常的水平下降；跌落2. But shes let her grades slip and no matter how I urge her to study, all she seems interested in are clothes and boys . 但是她的成绩已经下滑，不管我怎么劝她，她所感兴趣的只是衣服和男孩子。3. to ones mind: 根据某人意见, 合某人心意4. Its quite normal for girls her age to be wrapped in fashion and dating. 迷恋时尚和约会对她这个年龄的女孩来说是非常正常的。5. committed: 承担义务的；忠于既定立场的；坚定的 give sb. a push: 给某人一个推动6. internship: 实习7. She may be just one of those who need to see a bit of real life before she settles down. 她可能是那种需要经历点真实生活后才能安定下来的人。8. settle down: v.定居, 平静下来, 专心于Section B Passage One 1. refer to sb. sth. as称某人物为2. rural areas: 乡村地区3. isolate: vt.使隔离, 使孤立, 使绝缘, 离析4. complicated: 复杂的, 难解的5. voluntary organizations 志愿机构6. attempt to 努力， 企图7. And they are also giving variety to newspaper content to help build the readers interest. 他们也在使报纸的内容多样化以逐步增加读者的兴趣。Passage Two1. sew: 缝制, 缝纫, 缝合2. straw: 稻草, 麦杆3. cement: 水泥4. nail: 指甲, 钉, 钉子5. weave: 编织, 组合, 编排6. bake: 烘焙, 烤, 烧硬Passage Three1. As a tree grows it adds a layer to its trunk, taking up chemical element from the air. 随着树的生长,它的树干会一层一层的增加, 它同时也吸收了空气中的化学物质.2. He found carbon -14 levels change with the intensity of solar burning. 他发现碳14的含量随着太阳光发热的强度不同而改变.3. During the Suns violent periods, it throws off charged particles in fast moving strings called solar winds. 在太阳活动剧烈周期里，能发出带电粒子并迅速移动的流称为太阳风。Section C Compound Dictation1. available: 可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的, 接受探访的2. recommend: 推荐, 介绍3. equivalent: adj.相等的, 相当的, 同意义的n.等价物, 相等物4. version: 版本, 形式, 种类5. competitor: 竞争者；敌手6. awkwardness: 笨拙, 不雅观7. awkward :不好使用的; 使人感到麻烦的; 难应付的, 棘手的; 手脚)不灵巧的;不熟练的; (动作或表情)笨拙的; 难看的; 粗野的不协调的，没有风度的8. load: 装入; 装载, 装填Part IV Reading ComprehensionSection A 1. confirm (para.1 line1): 证实， 肯定; 加强， 坚定（信念等）2. prophetic (para.1 line2) : 预言的3. misfortune (para.2 line2): 不幸, 灾祸4. stretch (para.2 line5): 伸展, 伸张; 曲解, 过分利用, 滥用5. fair-minded (para.3 line2): 公正的, 公平的6. flexible(para.2 line5): 柔韧性, 易曲的, 灵活的, 柔软的, 能变形的, 可通融的7. criteria (para.3 line3): 标准8. misleading (para.4 line2) : 易误解的, 令人误解的 难句1. People tend to be more impressed by evidence that seems to confirm some relationship.(para.1 line1) 看起来能够证实某种关系的迹象比较容易给人留下深刻的印象。2. For example, the common belief that things like personal misfortunes, pale crashes, and deaths “happen in threes”. (para.2 line1)举个例子来说，试想一下这个通常为大家接受的迷信：像个人不幸遭遇，飞机失事与死亡这类事总是“三个一并发生”。3. Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third event to define the time period. If three plane crashes occur in a month, then the period of time that counts as their “happening together” is one month; if three crashes occur in a year, the period of time is stretched. (para.2 line3)这种迷信源自人们想让第三件事来确定这个时段的倾向。如果一个月之内有三架飞机失事，人们就会把“一起发生”的时段计算为一个月；而如果在一年里有三架飞机失事，这个时段就被延长了。4. flexibleendpointsreinforcesuchbeliefs. (para.2 line5) 不固定的终点增大了这类迷信的可信度5. Part of the reason we view ourselves so favorable is that we use criteria that work to our advantage. (para.3 line1) 我们看待自己如此之优秀，部分的原因在于我们使用了对我们有利的衡量标准。Section BPassage One1. deposit (para.1 line1): 堆积物, 沉淀物accumulate: 积聚, 堆积2. emission(para.1 line2) : (光、热等的)散发, 发射, 喷射; 发射物3. originate (para1. line2): 引起, 发起, 创办 vi.起源, 发生3. 4. contributor(para.2 line1) : 贡献者, 捐助者, 投稿者, 造成某一状况的某一原因,5. ratio(para.3 line1): 比, 比率6. sample (para.6 line1): 标本, 样品, 例子7. reduction (para.7 line2): 减少, 缩影, 变形, 缩减量, 约简难句1. The dominant lead ration found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States. (para.3 line3) 在格林兰发现的铅比率与在美国发现的汽油正好相配。2. The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected. (para.6 line2) 森林处理和重新分配铅的速度比科学家们预想的更快。3. Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain part of the ecosystem respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute. (para.7 line1)科学家说这两份研究表明生态系统的某些部分对于大气污染程度的降低反应很快，但这些发现不应该用来作为人们可以污染环境的许可证。Passage Two1. maintenance (para.1 line1): 维护, 保持2. get through(para.1 line2) : 理解,接受3. switch to(para.1 line2): 切换到; 转到, 转变成4. exertion (para.1 line3): 行使, 运用5. Shed (para.1 line4): 流出, 发散, 散发, 脱落, 脱皮, 摆脱6. reject (para.2 line1): 拒绝, 抵制, 否决, 呕出, 驳回, 丢弃7. chart (para.2 line1): 图表8. briskly (para.2 line2): 活泼的, 敏捷的; 轻快的9. concede (para.2 line3): 勉强, 承认, 退让10. vital (para.4 line1): 生死攸关的, 重大的, 生命的, 生机的, 至关重要的, 所必需的11. adjustment (para.4 line3): 调整, 调节, 调节器难句1. Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American. (para.1 line1)不 幸的是, 这一点还没有被普通美国人所理解.2. found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet. (para.1 line3)发现不到四分之一的试图减肥的超重成年人说, 他们正试图把锻炼和与饮食结合起来.Part V ClozeQ68. preserve: 保护, 保持, 保存raise: 提出, 提高, 抚养, 筹(款)retain: 保持财产, 保持，保留(保持或维持在一个特殊的场所、条件或位置), 留在心中；记住Q76. model: 样式, 型, 模型(：一个计划的初步产品或结构，从中产生出最后的产品),sample: 样品，试样(代表整体的一部分，一片或一段实例)，范例(代表一个种类的例子)Q78. adopt: 采用, 收养adapt: 使适应, ，顺应lay: 放置, 铺设stick: v.粘住, 粘贴 vt.刺, 戳Q80. possession: 拥有(拥有的行为或事实); 占有(被占有的状态); 拥有物，占有物; 财富，财产ownership: 物主身份(是主人的状态或事实); 所有权(合法拥有一件东西的权利)Q82. appliance: 器具，用具，装置：设计用来执行特殊功能的装置或器具，尤指如家庭用烤箱的电器设备, 通常指需要动力才能操作的家用电器和装置等equipment: 装备, 设备, 器材, 装置, 铁道车辆utility: 效用, 有用facility: 设备,设施,只是工作生活便利的工具和环境, 公共基础设备Q83. function: 作用，功能(特别适合某人或某人所从事的行为); 职务，职责(分派的职责或指定的活动)purpose: 目的, 意图; 用途, 效果(预期的或希望产生的效果或结果)goal: 目标，目的(努力的直接目标)task: 任务Q84. component: 成分(系统的组成要素, 指“一物的组成部分”); 零件, 部件,元件 element: 元素，基本要素, 成分, 元件, 自然环境(注意：常用复数) 系常用词, 可用于物质的、非物质的、有形的或无形的东西, 适用于“一物的任一部分”, item: (可分类或列举的)项目, 条款, (消息、情报等的)一则, 一条particle: 粒子, 点, 极小量, 微粒, 质点, 小品词, 语气Part VI Translation1. turn a blind eye: 视而不见 2. (no) but to do to: 只能做某事3. Had I know=If I had known 4. If had done something, would/ could have done sth.: 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,2005.6（整合卷）Part II Reading ComprehensionOvercoming Procrastination (拖沓): A Practical Approach(line 1) correspondence n. 信件(line 2) indication v.指出/迹象/暗示(line 2-3) put off 推迟(line 3) insist on doing坚持做(line 4) bothersome adj.引起麻烦的/令人烦恼的(line 5) tyranny 暴政/苛政/专治trivial adj. n.价值不高/微不足道的琐事难句(line 3-5) If you are one of those people who insist on cleaning up all the little projects awaiting you, in order to remove those bothersome little things before you begin a major project, you are actually engaging in procrastination by allowing yourself to fall victim to the tyranny of the trivial. 如果你是那种在做一件大事情之前坚持把讨厌的小事情做完的人，那么你实际上就是在拖沓，成为琐事专制的受害者。Reasons for Procrastination(line 4) postpone 推迟,延迟(line 5) category 种类,范畴(line 9) consequence 结果/推理/ 推论/因果关系/重要的地位(line 11) tackle 应付(难事等)/处理/解决(line 15) be inclined to do 倾向于做Overcoming Procrastination(line 4) analyze v.分析/分解 analysis n.(line 4) overwhelming adj. 压倒性的/无法抵抗的(line 6) emerge vi. 显现/浮现/暴露/形成/(由某种状态)脱出/(事实)显现出来(line 6) impose vt. 征税/强加/以.欺骗(line 7) recommend vt. 推荐/介绍/劝告(line 8) cross off 除去/取消(line 8) representation n. 表现/陈述(line 14) priority n. 优先权(line 17) circumstance n. 环境/ 详情/境况(line 23) incentive n. 动机(line 24) be embarrassed to do 局促不安地做Part III Listening ComprehensionSection AQ12. security n. 安全 office 保安局administration building行政楼Q14. business school商学院pay your own way挣钱维持生活Q15. hit n. 轰动；成功而风行一时的事物（如电影、歌曲、演出等）out of the way偏远Q16. chair v. 主持be in position to do 有能力或有资格去做Q18. rainforest雨林Conversation One1. hospitable adj. 好客的, 招待周到的2. appetite n. 食欲, 胃口, 欲望, 爱好Conversation Two1.annual每年的2.entertainment款待/娱乐/娱乐表演3. set