江苏省职称英语卫生试卷4.doc

江苏职称英语 卫生 类考 试 真 题 试 卷【四】说明：本试卷共七大题，申报高级职称者全做，满分为120分；申报中级职称者做第一、二、三、四、五、七大题，满分为100分。第六大题申报中级职称者不做，做了也不判分【注：高级单独列出】一、词汇与语法选择（20小题，每小题0.5分。共10分，建议完成时间10分钟）61. His ill-health may well be _malnutrition. 他的健康不佳可能是由于营养不良A. due to 由于 B. next to挨着 C. thanks to幸亏 D. up to取决于62. His body temperature has been _ for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5C. 他的体温一直连续3天不正常，最高点达40.5C。 A. uncommon罕有的 B. disordered 混乱的 C. abnormal反常的 D. extraordinary特别的63. These areas rely on _ agriculture almost, having few mineral resources and a minimum of industrial development. 这些地区依赖专门农业几乎没有矿产资源和小的工业发展。 A. respectively独自 , B. extraordinarily非常 C. incredibly .极为D. exclusively唯一64. Peoples expectations about the future may have more influence on their sense of well-being than their _ state does. 人民对未来的预期比当前状态可能更容易影响他们的幸福感。 A. current当前 B. initial初期 C. modern现代 D. primitive原始65. The findings paint a unique picture of the shopping habits of customers, plus their motivation and _。结果画了顾客的购物习惯，独特的画面，再加上他们的动机和喜好 A. privileges B. possibilities .C. possessions D. Preferences66. _ either by cooling or by depriving the fire of oxygen, and most do both . 灭火器的几乎都是通过冷却或剥夺火灾氧气工作。 .A. Working fire extinguishers B. Fire extinguishers that workC. Fire extinguishers work灭火器工作 D. The work of fire extinguishers67. The introduction of mass-production methods enabled many people _ and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility. 批量生产的引入使得许多人去购买他们自己的汽车,并给他们一个前所未见的大量流动性。A. to purchase their own automobiles 去购买自己的汽车 B. their own to purchase automobilesC. to their own purchase automobiles D. own their automobiles to purchase68. France Perkins, _ of the United States cabinet, served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945。法国帕金斯，美国内阁第一位女议员，从1933年到 1945年在内阁担任劳工部长。A. the first female member 第一位女议员 B. was the first female memberC. the first female member who D. of whom the first female member69. When _ to dough and heated, carbon dioxide is released, causing the dough to rise. 当泡打粉添加到面团并加热，二氧化碳被释放出来，造成面团上升。 A. is added baking powder B. added baking powder is C. is baking powder added D. baking powder is added添加泡打粉70. Chromosomes(染色体) are regarded today as the major carriers of genetic material, _ of DNA and various types of protein染色体在今天被视为遗传物质的主要载体，由 DNA和各类蛋白质组成。 A. consisting组成 B. as to consist在于 C. consist D. which consisting 71. He asked me to lend him some money , which I agreed to do,_ that he paid me back the following week. 他要我借给他一些钱,我同意了,条件是只要下一周要还给我。A. on occasion有时 B. on purpose故意的 C. on condition只要 . D. only if只要就72. _ I like economics, I like sociology much better虽然我喜欢经济学,但我更喜欢社会学。 A. As much as 差不多 So much非常 C. How much多少 D. Much as虽然73. She managed to save _ she could out of her wages to help her best friend。她设法节省一点钱，她可以拿出她的工资，以帮助她最好的朋友。 A. how little money B. so little money C. what little money仅有的钱 D. such little money74. My brother would have finished his college education, but he _and find a job to support the family. 我兄弟就已经完成了他的大学教育,他已经和找工作来养家。A. had had . B. has C. had D. would have75. Lily was _ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute. 莉莉是在一个月前已经开始实验，但她在最后一刻改变她的想法。 A. to start B. to have started .C. to be started D. to have been starting 76. We will show the samples we have _ new samples in the smaller size to the customer and we may need我们需要将展示样品我们手头上的更小的体积的新样品给客户。A. by hand用手 B. in hand在掌握中 C. at hand在附近 D. on hand在手边77. Science needs more competition between hypotheses and even more _ tests as well. 科学需要更多的假设和更需要更严格的测试。A. ridiculous .可笑的 B. rigorous严格的 C. ambiguous模糊的 D. anonymous匿名的78. Many functions available from modern software are quite _ and have a number of options. 许多功能可以从现代软件非常灵活的获得,而且有很多种选择。 A. probable可能的 B. reliable 可靠的 C._ .灵活的 D. feasible可行的79. We feel that the foregoing analysis is _ and dangerous我们认为上述分析是具有欺骗性的和危险的 A. descriptive描述的 B. impressive 感人的 C. deceptive欺骗性的 D. indicative暗示性的80. You would take things as they came . All you had to do was think a little harder and _ a new solution. 你要既来之则安之，如果您觉得有点困难，你可以提出一个新的解决方案。A. come up with提出 B. look up to尊敬C. put up with 容忍 D. clear up整理二 、改错【在A/B/C/D四个选项中，选出一个含有语言错误的选项】（10小题，每小题1分，共10分，建议完成时间10分钟）29. Meat and cheese are the best sources of usable animal protein and A B Cnext comes milk, fish and eggs. D 答案 D 本题解析：应该为come 是复数，不是单数；翻译：肉类和奶酪是最好的来源，其次是奶、鱼和蛋32.Despite it is both the largest and the northernmost state in the United States, A B CAlaska has the smallest population.D答案 A 本题解析：despite(尽管)是介词，不是连词，所以不能用来引导句子，若其后要跟 that 从句，需插入 the fact。翻译：肉类和奶酪是最好的来源，其次是奶、鱼和蛋在美国最北端的阿拉斯加尽管它是最大的，但是人口最少。 33. The evolving European youth market has both similarities and differences from A B C Dthe American market. 本题解析：应该用similarity n. 类似；相似点 ，and前后应保持一致都是名词。翻译：发展中的年轻的欧洲市场与美国市场既有相似也有不同 答案 C34. Scientists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment which there are A Bmany stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses Cwill experience greater intellectual development.D答案 B 本题解析：where引导的定语从句，修饰environment ；C中的which引导的也是定语从句，修饰stimuli； 翻译： 科学家们提出，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境里成长，而这些刺激物能够发展其作出适当反应的能力，那么，这个儿童将会有更高的智力发展。 35. Whatever is featured in newspapers and magazines and on television attract A B Cenough attention that people begin to inform themselves and to express opinions. D答案 C 本题解析：attract 应该是被引起重视，用被动语态attracted；翻译：无论什么，人们开始了解并表达意见在报纸、杂志和电视上起到了重要作用，并引起足够的重视， 36. At the party the film star sang a song for us and later dances for the elderly. A B C D答案 C本题解析：and 前后时态应该保持一致，前面用的是sing的过去式，所以后面也应该用一般过去式danced；翻译：在聚会上电影明星为我们唱了一首歌,后来为老年人的表演舞蹈 37. Without the radio receiver, the large antenna will be of no use。A B C D答案：C本题解析：应改为would-由连词suppose，provided或介词without，but for等引导的句子，谓语动词应用虚拟形式翻译：没有无线电接收机,巨大的天线将毫无用处。38. You have to practice to speak English as much as possible now since you A B Care going to England next year. D答案：B本题解析：应该为specking 词组：practice doing sth 翻译：你现在必须尽可能多的练习说英语,因为你明年去英国。 39. My roommate is generous, inconsiderate and easy to get along with. A B C D答案：B本题解析：从整体意思看是夸奖自己的室友，应该用褒义词 B的意思是轻率的；不顾别人的；无谋得，去掉in，considerate是体贴的；体谅的；考虑周到的翻译：我的室友是慷慨的、体贴的，容易相处。 40. We have to make clear to each worker that everybody must observe these rules. A B C D答案：A本题解析：在 make后加it-宾语为动词不定式或从句时，必须在动词与宾语补足语之间加上形式宾语it。）翻译：我们一定要为每个工人说解释清楚，每个人都必须遵守这些规则。 三、回答问题（10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下面短文并完成后面的题目。在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能够回答所提问题的最佳答案 In the early days of nuclear power, the United States made money on it. But today opponents have so complicated its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years. 在早期的核能,让美国赚到很多钱。但是今天的对手有这么复杂的发展,没有核电站预定或或建造已经12年。 The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor meltdown. Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten US public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgement to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But dont expect them ever on US shores unless things change In Washington. 核能的反对者最大的恐惧一直是反应堆熔毁”。“今天,灾难将威胁美国公共卫生的机会非常小。但是,甚至进一步减少的可能性,工程师正在测试新的核反应堆, 只在自然的法则而不依赖人类的判断去关闭他们。现在,通用电气在日本已经构建两个先进的反应堆。但是不要期望他们建造在美国海岸除非事情改变华盛顿想法。 The procedure for licensing nuclear power plants is a bad dream. Any timeduring, or even after, construction: an objection by any group or individual can bring everything to a halt while the matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice but not necessary improvements, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case where a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway. 授予核电站程序是一个噩梦。任何时候建设中甚至之后,一个团体或个人的反对而此事调查或起诉带来一切停顿，。与此同时，建设者必须添加好但不必要的改进，其中一些重新开始被迫放弃了，。在被反对每一个案件中，核管制委员会最终被授予许可证建设或经营。但胜利的代价往往这么多，它最终放弃了核电厂。 A case in point is the Shoreham plant on New Yorks Long Island. Shorehamwas a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid- 1960s,Millstone, completed for $101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades; Shoreham, however, was singled out by anti-nuclear activists who; by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over l$ 5 billion and delayed its use for many years一个恰当的例子是肖勒姆建设纽约长岛。肖勒姆实际上在美国康乃迪克州康涅狄格州是一样的建造的,两个命令在60年代中期,重担,完成1.01亿美元的发电20年来; 然而,肖勒姆被反核人士单独挑出来，通过发动无尽的抗议活动,把成本 l 50亿美元的核电站推迟使用多年 Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced awatt of power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham start up, used his power to force New Yorks public utilities commission to, accept the following settlement; the power company could pass the cost of Shoreham a long to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant! Today, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing: hundreds of homes, sits rusting; . 肖勒姆最终赢得经营许可证。但是这种工厂的从来没有产生一瓦特的电能. .马里奥科莫州长,一个创业对手肖勒姆,用他的权力来迫使纽约的公用事业委员会, 接受以下结算, 肖勒姆电力公司可以通过成本给消费者,就必须同意不开发电厂。今天,一个完美的设施,能够数为百计的房屋服务,坐等生锈;。1. What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plants a bad dream? 到底是什么原因是核电站申请手续糟糕的梦? A. The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation Commission: 核监管委员会效率低下 B. The enormous cost of construction and operation. 巨大的建筑操作成本 C. The length of time it takes to make investigations, 所花的调查时间长, D. The objection of the opponents of nuclear power. 反对核能的反对者。 2, It can be inferred from Para,2 that _第二部分可以推断出A. it is not technical difficulties that prevent the building of nuclear power plants in the US. 这不是技术上的困难,防止核电站的建设在美国。 B. .there are not enough safety measures in the US for running new nuclear power plants没有足够的安全措施在美国为运行新的核发电厂 C. there are already more nuclear power plants than necessary in the US. 已经有更多的核电站在美国而不是必要的。 D. the American government will not allow Japanese nuclear reactors to be installed in the US. 美国政府不会允许日本核反应堆被安装在美国。3. Any objection, however trivial it may be, can . A. force the power companies to cancel the project . B. delay the construction or operation of a nuclear plant . 推迟的建设和运行一个核电站 C. cause a serious debate within the Nuclear Regulation Commission D. take the builders to court4. Governor Marios chief intention in proposing the settlement was to _州长马里奥首席意图在提出该和解协议来做什么？ . A. stop the Shoreham plant from going into operation停止肖勒姆广场付诸行动B. help the power company to solve its financial problems C. urge the power company to further increase its power supply D. permit the Shoreham plant to operate under certain conditions 5.The authors attitude toward, the development of nuclear power is_作者的态度,发展核电 . A. negative 消极 B. neutral 中立 . C. positive积极 , D. Questioning质问 As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as .poor eating habits, smoking and failure to exercise. The line of thoughts involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels ok but exercises only occasionally, .who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while -drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier. 正如我们已经看到的,医疗保健的焦点在我们的社会已经将从治疗疾病预防疾病特别是从改变我们的许多不健康的行为,如。不良的饮食习惯、吸烟和失败去锻炼。这个思路参与这种转变可以进一步探索。一个人是正常体重，但不吃有营养的食物，谁觉得好但只是偶尔锻炼一下。他每天去上班,但不一定是优秀的工人, 每晚在家喝几杯啤酒但不喝酒开车,没有胸痛或不正常血细胞计数,但睡很多,虽然常常感到疲倦。这个人不算生病。他甚至没有任何特定疾病的风险。但是我们可以想象,这个人可以更健康。 The field of medical has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely not ill and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the bodys special needs. Both types have simply been called well. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms well and wellness only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. .People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise and they make. a point of monitoring their bodys condition. Most important, perhaps people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related-to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap(缺陷) may be well, in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. Wellness may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life .这个领域的医学没有传统的区分，仅仅是“没有患病的人与那些健康状况极佳,并注重人体的特殊需要。这两种类型仅仅是被称为“好”。然而,近年来,一些健康专家已经开始应用术语“好”和“健康”只给那些正在积极努力维持和改善他们的健康。好的人关心营养和锻炼,并且经常检查他们的身体状况。如果他们努力保持最佳健康可能他们可以在面对他们的身体限制。“健康”可能被看作最好的。作为国家,人们可以实现,但作为一种理想,人们可以争取。健康的人当他们身体受到病毒攻击更能够抵御疾病和抵抗疾病。关注对健康的生活方式、健康的概念可以产生有益的影响方式,使人们的日常生活的挑战。1. Which of the following behaviors is NOT healthy according to the writer? 根据作家下列哪个行为是不健康的呢?A. Eating nutritious food. 吃有营养的食物 B. Taking cigarettes. 吸香烟。C. Doing proper exercises. 做适当的运动。 D: Losing weight 减肥 2; What is the focus of medical care nowadays? 现在什么是医疗保健的重点? A. Keeping people in a healthy mental condition. 让人们保持一个健康的精神状态。 B. Making people develop good living habits. 使人们养成良好的生活习惯 C: Providing people with nutritious food. 翻译为人们提供营养的食物。 D. Reminding people of the importance of physical examination. 提醒人们身体检查的重要性。3. What kind of persons can be considered well in the traditional medical care? 什么样的人可以被认为是“好”的传统医疗呢?A. The one who strives for the improvement of his health. 一个致力于改善他的健康。 B. The one who has physical disease or handicap. 有身体疾病或残疾 C. The one who tries to maintain the best possible health he can. 一个人试图保持最佳健康 D. The one who is not sick and free from disease. 没有生病的人,远离疾病。4. What kind of people can be considered well in the new sense? 什么样的人可以被认为是在新的意义呢? A. The one who tries to be as healthy as possible. 一个人试图尽可能健康。B. The one who has the right weight but eats junk food. C. The one who can hardly get some infectious diseases. 这个人很难得到一些传染病。 D. The one who can recover from illness very quickly. 他能很快从疾病中康复。5. Which of the following statements about wellness is TRUE？下面哪个陈述关于“健康”是正确呢？ A. It is a perfect state that people may achieve. B. It can help people resist disease and fight disease. C. It mainly focuses on healthy ways of living. 它主要关注健康的生活方式。 ,D. It keeps a proper balance between work and leisure.四、短文填补（4小题，每题5分，共20分） 阅读下面短文 ,根据短文内容 ,从所给中选出所给句子最适合补入的一处.13. These findings challenge the assumption that people find it easier to get over a trauma even if they write about it.Keeping a diary is bad for your health, say UK psychologists. (A) They- found that people who regularly keep diaries suffer from headaches, sleeplessness, digestive problems and social awkwardness more than people who dont. (These findings challenge the assumption that people find it easier to get over a trauma even if they write about it.) The researchers asked the diarists recruited to say how often they made entries and for how long they had kept diaries. (C) Statistically, the diarists scored much worse on health measures than the non diarists. (D) The worst affected of all were those who had written about trauma. 记日记对你的健康有害，英国心理学家说。（A）他们发现那些经常保持写日记人遭受头痛,失眠,消化问题和社交尴尬更比不写日记的人多【B/这些研究结果表明，人们发现它更容易获得创伤，如果他们把它写下来。】研究者要求写日记的人说他们经常多久保持写日记。（C）统计显示，写日记的人在健康指数上的得分比不写日记的人少。（D）受影响最严重的是那些写了关于创伤人。 14. This knowledge has caused egg sales to drop in recent years, which in turn has brought about the development of several alternatives to eating regular egg. Though they are an extensive supplier of vitamin, minerals and high-quality protein, eggs also contain a high level of blood cholesterol, one of the major causes of heart disease. (A) One egg yolk, in fact, contains a little more than two-thirds of the cholesterol the body needs daily. (B) Yet, the producers of these eggs claim that eating their eggs will not raise the blood cholesterol all in human. (C) One alternative is to eat substitute eggs. (D) A second alternative to regular eggs is a new type of egg, sometimes called designer eggs. 虽然他们是一个广泛的供应者的维生素、矿物质和高质量的蛋白质, 蛋也含有高水平的心脏病主要原因之一血胆固醇。(A)一个蛋黄,事实上,包含有超过身体每天需要的三分之二的胆固醇。【B/这一知识已经引起了鸡蛋销售额下降近年来,从而带来了发展若干替代正常鸡蛋饮食】然而,这些鸡蛋的生产者声称吃了它们的蛋,就一定不会提高所有人的血液胆固醇。(C)方案之一是吃鸡蛋替代品。(D)第二个替代普通鸡蛋是一种新型的鸡蛋,有时被称为“设计”鸡蛋。15.Mehuioma