重庆市北大附中重庆实验学校高三英语《语法 虚拟语气》课件.ppt

虚拟语气的 四种形式 及 三点注意 高三英语总复习语法训练材料 虚拟语气 作为日常交际应用中常常会出现的一种语言现象 一直是高考题几乎年年都要考到的一个热点 但对于中国学生来说 它又是一个难点 无怪乎许多学生学完虚拟语气后 常常会叹道 iftherewerenosubjunctivemood english mucheasier a willbeb wouldhavebeenc couldhavebeend wouldbe 一 掌握虚拟语气的四种主要形式 1 条件从句 主句 2 几个常用虚拟语气的句型 3 wish asif及ifonly的虚拟形式 4 itistimethat的虚拟形式二 注意虚拟语气的三种活用现象 1 含蓄条件句 2 时间错综句 3 虚实错综句 1 therice ifyouhadbeenmorecareful a wouldnotbeburningb wouldnotburnc wouldnothaveburntd wouldnotburnt2 ifmylawyer herelastsaturday he mefromgoing a hadbeen wouldhavepreventedb hadbeen wouldpreventc were wouldpreventd were wouldhaveprevented3 ididn tseeyoursisteratthemeeting ifshe shewouldhavemetmybrother a hascomeb didcomec camed hadcome4 forthefreetickets iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften a ifitisnotb wereitnotc haditnotbeend iftheyhavenot5 youdidn tletmedrive ifwe inturn you sotired a drove didn tgetb drove wouldn tgetc weredriving wouldn tgetd haddriven wouldn thavegot 6 ifshehadworkedharder she a wouldsucceedb hadsucceededc shouldsucceedd wouldhavesucceed7 ifhe he thatfood luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately a waswarned wouldnottakeb hadbeenwarned wouldnothavetakenc wouldbewarned hadnottakend wouldhavebeenwarned hadnottaken8 ifit tomorrow theywouldnotgotherebybike a willrainb rainsc wouldraind shouldrain9 itraintomorrow wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheyangpubridge a wereb shouldc wouldd will10 ifi you iwouldnotdoit a amb werec shallbed being 1 动词 宾语从句一个坚持 insist 两个命令 order command 三个建议 suggest propose advise 四个要求 desire demand ask requireiproposethatwe should setadeadlineforhandingintheplans isuggestthatwe should setoffatonce iinsistedthatwe should decidewhattodowithhim 虚拟语气形式 should 动词原形 2 itis was 上述动词的过去分词 that主语从句itisdemandedthathe should leaveatonce itisrequestedthatshe should giveaperformanceattheparty 3 itis was important necessary better strange surprising natural possible apity nowonder that主语从句itisbestthathe should setoffatonce itisimportantthateverybody should betoldallthefacts 虚拟语气形式 should 动词原形 4 order等 be 表语从句myadviceisthatwe should sendforadoctor oursuggestionisthatyou should befirsttogo hisonlyrequestisthatyou should givehimmoretime 5 order等 同位语从句doyouknowtheorderthatyou should keepwatch 上述结构中常用的名词有 suggestion order proposal plan idea command request等 虚拟语气形式 should 动词原形 1 iinsistthatadoctor immediately a hasbeensentforb sendsforc willbesentford besentfor2 itissuggestedthatthejob doneinanotherway a wasb wastobec bed mustbe3 hehadanideathatwe bybike a shallgob goc wentd wouldgo4 mysuggestionisthatthemeeting offtilltomorrow a toputb beputc shouldputd beputting 5 theyoungmaninsistedthathe nothingwrongand free a did setb haddone shouldbesetc do besetd does wouldbeset6 itisnecessarythatyou presentatthediscussion a willbeb arec shouldbed wouldbe7 thebossgaveordersthatthework atonce a willbestartedb mustbestartedc bestartedd shouldstart8 theguardthereinsistedthateverybody therules a obeysb obeyc willobeyd wouldobey wish asif以及ifonly的虚拟形式 这几个词 词组 表虚拟时 其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从句基本相同 即此陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态 随 时 变化的几种用法 1 iwishi youyesterday a seenb didseec hadseend weretosee2 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken3 i dratherthatyou thereyesterdayand againnextweekend a went shouldcomeb shouldgo hadcomec hadgone camed go come4 thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey friendsforyears a shouldbeb wouldbec havebeend hadbeen5 iblamedheryesterday iwouldratheryou that a didn tdob hadn tdonec wouldn tdod shouldn tdo6 heisaverybraveman yes iwishi hiscourage a haveb hadc willhaved wouldhave itistimethat的虚拟形式itistimethat itishightimethat itisabouttimethat 谓语动词的虚拟形式为 动词过去式 be多为were itistime还可以有其他句型形式 需注意辨析 itistime forsb todosth itistimeforsth doingsth itisthefirsttimethat 从句用陈述语气的现在完成时 1 itishightimeyou thebus a hadcaughtb caughtc willcatchd catch2 it sabouttimehe todothework a beginsb willbeginc begind began3 it shightimethatwe toschool a wouldgob wentc god willgo4 itistimewe upourresults a sumb summedc willsumd wouldsum 一 含蓄条件句含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中 从句不表现出来 这时 必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词 并依据前文所列举的四种现象 来判断此时须采用的形式 1 withoutelectricity humanlife quitedifferenttoday a isb willbec wouldhavebeend wouldbe2 yesterdayjanewalkedawayfromthediscussion otherwise she somethingshewouldregretlater a hadsaidb saidc mightsayd mighthavesaid withoutelectricity iftherewerenoelectricity 二 时间错综句从句与主句或上下文所表述的时间不一致 在这种情况下 我们切不可照搬某种形式 而应该按照句中所表述的时间关系 再选择相应的虚拟形式 例如 ifyouhadworkedhardyesterday youwouldbetirednow 1 iftheflowerhadbeenwatered it now a wouldn tdieb isdeadc hadbeendeadd willnotdie2 ifhistelevisionsethadnotbeenstolenyesterday he tvnow a wouldwatchb wouldhavewatchedc wouldbewatchingd iswatching 三 虚实错综句所谓 虚实错综句 是指虚拟现象与客观