国际贸易实务第五章(1).ppt

CargoTransportation ChapterFive 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 2 LEARNINGOUTCOMES UnderstandtheimportanceofoceantransportationandhowlinerfreightisobtainedKnowothermodesoftransportationintermsoftheirfeatures suitabilityandfreightcalculationBeawareoftheimportantofoceanbillofladinganditsdifferenttypesDescribearangeofother transportationdocumentsstipulatedeliveryclauseinasalescontract 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 3 Modesoftransportation OceanTransportationAirTransportationRailTransportationRoadTransportationContainerTransportationInternationalMultimodeTransportation IMT InternationalCombinedTransportation ICT ParcelPostTransportationInlandWaterwayTransportationPipelineTransportation 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 4 5 1OceanTransportation AdvantagesLargecapacityLowcostEasypassage notrestrictedbyroadorrailsDisadvantagesSlowVulnerabletobadweatherLesspunctualTypesofoceantransportationLinertransportationChartertransportation98 ofworldtradeinvolumetermsconveyedbyseatransport 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 5 5 1 1Linertransportation CharacteristicsofLinerregularscheduleddeparturesspecifiedrouterouteswithfixedbaseportscomparativelyfixedfreightrates 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 6 5 1 1Linertransportation TypesoflinersConferencelinersFreightratequotedbyshippingconferenceStablefreightratesRegularservicesNon conferencelinersFreightratequotedbyindependentcarriersorvesseloperatorsLessdependableserviceHighflexibility 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 7 5 1 1Linertransportation LinerFreightInclusiveoftheloadingandunloadingcostInclusiveofothercostssuchasdemurrageordispatchmoneyCompositionoflinerfreightBasicfreightSurchargesandadditionalsCalculationformulaoflinerfreightTotalFreight TotalQuantityxBasicRatex 1 Surcharge AdditionalRates 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 8 5 1 1Linertransportation CriteriaforcalculatingbasicfreightW weightton calculatedpermetrictononweight suitableforheavygoodsM measurementton calculatedpercubicmeteronmeasurement suitableforlightgoodsW M onthebasisofeitherweighttonormeasurementton bothunderthenameoffreightton subjecttothehigherone suitableforgoodswithhighvalue Note 1WT 1MT AdVal A V onthebasisofvalueofthegoodsandexpressedinapercentageoftheFOBpriceorvalue suitableforgoodswithhighvalueW MorA V onthebasisofeitherweightton measurementtonorvalue subjecttothehighestoneUnit Head suitableforgoodsmarked unit inthetariffMinimumRate suitableforgoodsinextremelysmallquantityOpenRate suitableforgoodsmarked unit inthetariffandinextremelylargequantity onthebasisoftheagreementbetweenthecarrierandtheconsignor 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 9 5 1 1Linertransportation 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 10 5 1 1Linertransportation Surcharge附加费 beyondourcontrolBunkerSurcharge bunkeradjustmentfactor BAF 燃油附加费 15 ofthecost CurrencySurcharge currencyadjustmentfactor CAF 货币贬值附加费CongestionSurcharge港口拥挤附加费TransshipmentSurcharge转船附加费DeviationSurcharge绕道附加费PortSurcharge港口附加费 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 11 5 1 1Linertransportation Additionals附属费 underourcontrolHeavyliftcharges Extrachargesonheavylifts超重费 over5M T Lengthycargocharges Extrachargesonoverlengths超长费 over9m Bulkycargocharges超大费 over6cbm Additionalondirect直行附属费Notatbasicport volumeover1000M TAdditionalonoptionaldischargingport选卸港附属费Additionalforalternationofdestination变更卸港附属费 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 12 Illustration1 SupposeExporting100casesVolume30 x60 x50cmGrossweight40kg grade9FreightbasisW MBasicfreightrateHKD109Bunkersurcharge20 CurrencySurcharge10 Q freight Solution30 x60 x50cm 0 09m3 0 04M TFreight 0 09x109x100 x 1 20 10 HKD1275 3 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 13 5 1 1Linertransportation Tramps不定期船 chartervesselCharacteristicsNofixedroutesNofixedtimetablesFreightchargedonthevolumeofcargoSuitableforcargoofacompleteshipload eg bulkcargo TypesofchartersVoyagecharterTimecharterBareboatcharter 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 14 5 2AirTransportation FourmaintypesofairtransportationScheduledAirlines班机regularscheduleddeparturesspecifiedrouterouteswithfixedbaseportscomparativelyfixedfreightratesCharteredCarriers包机ThehireofacraftbyeithertotalcharteredcarriersorPartialcharteredcarriersForconsignmentsoflargequantityorreachingthesamedestination 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 15 5 2AirTransportation FourmaintypesofairtransportationConsolidatedConsignment集中托运AssemblinganumberofindividualshipmentsarrivingatthesamedestinationintooneconsignmentDispatchedoneairwaybillAirExpress航空急件运输FastestandsafestserviceHigherfreightrateDesktodeskservice 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 16 5 2AirTransportation AirfreightW byweight kg M bymeasurement cm3 W M bythehigherofthetwo Note 6000cm3 1kg Calculationformula sameastheoneforlinerfreightcalculation 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 17 Illustration2 QuestionConsignorAgetsoneconsignmentof10cartonsofleathershoestotransportbyair Themeasurementofeachcartonis50 x50 x50cm whilegrossweightofeachis15kg HowmuchshouldtheconsignorpaytothecarrieriftheairfreightrateisUSD1 3 kg Solution50 x50 x50cm 125000cm36000cm3 1kg 125000cm3 20 83kg20 83kg 15kgFreight USD1 3x20 83x10 USD270 79 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 18 5 3TransportationDocuments BillofLading B L海运提单ConsignmentNote forRailandRoad 铁路 公路提单AirWaybill航空运单ParcelPostReceipt邮包收据 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 19 5 3 1BillofLading FeaturesReceiptofthegoodsEvidenceofthecontractofcarriagebytheshippingcompanytocarrythegoodsAdocumentoftitletothegoodsContents SeeSpecimen5 1 5 2 Ontheface informationaboutcontractedparties fullparticularsofthecargo termsofcarriagecontract etcOntheback generaltermsandconditionsofthecontractofcarriage 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 20 Typesofbilloflading ShippedB LandReceivedforShipmentB LShipped onboard B L装运提单IssuedbytheshippingcompanyAftergoodsshippedonboardthedesignatedvesselIndicatingdateofshipmentandnameofthevesselForconsigneetoreceivethecargoatthedestination ShippedBill preprintedor goodsshippedonboardvessel writtenandsignedbythecarrierortheagentonthereceivedB L 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 21 Typesofbilloflading Received forshipment B L备运提单GoodsbeingreceivedbutnotyetloadedConfirmationofgoodshandedovertoshipownerAbsenceofdateofshipmentandnameofthevessel difficulttoanticipatedateofarrival hencenotfavorablebybuyerWaysofbecomingShippedB LExchangeforaShippedB LaftergoodsshippedonboardthevesselWordingsuchas GoodsshippedonboardS SRedStaronMay10 2008 addedandsignedbythecarrierortheagentonthereceivedB L 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 22 Typesofbilloflading CleanB LandUncleanB LCleanB L清洁提单ReferringtoonewhichdoesnotdeclareadefectiveconditionoftheexteriorpackingofgoodsProofthatgoodshavebeen shippedinapparentgoodorderandcondition or cleanonboard orthelikeFavoredbybuyersandbanksforfinancialsettlementUnclean dirty foulB L不洁 瑕疵提单Markedas unclean foul etc eg 2casesmissing 3cartonswet 1casebroken casesinadequatelypackedUsuallyunacceptabletobuyersandbanks 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 23 Typesofbilloflading StraightB L OrderB LandBearerB LStraightB L记名提单MadeouttoadesignatedconsigneeOnlythenamedconsigneeisentitledtothecargoNottransferableBearerB L OpenorBlankB L 不记名提单NonameofadefiniteconsigneeTheconsigneeboxleftblankoropen orbearingthewording Tobearer 至持有人 CanbetransferredwithoutendorsementHighrisk unfavorableininternationaltrade 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 24 Typesofbilloflading OrderB L指示提单MadeouttotheorderofanamedpersonNodefiniteconsignee Toorder Toorderoftheshipper or Toorderoftheconsignee insteadNegotiableandtransferable butneedendorsementSpecialendorsement signatureoftheendorserandnameoftheendorseeBlankendorsement signatureoftheendorserbutnonameoftheendorsee Toorder withblankendorsementindicatingfurthertransferoftheB LWidelyusedininternationaltrade 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 25 Typesofbilloflading DirectB LandTransshipmentB LDirectB L直运提单portofshipment portofdestinationPreferredbythebuyerTransshipmentB L转船提单portofshipment intermediateport portofdestinationInvolvingadditionalcharges longertimeandhigherrisksintransit thereforeunfavorabletothebuyerAcceptableonlywhenthereisnodirectservice 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 26 Typesofbilloflading OriginalB LandCopyB LOriginalB LValidonlyafterbeingsingedbytheshippingcompanyoritsagentShowing Original andthenumberofthesignedoriginalsNormallymadeoutinasetofthreeoriginalsAnevidenceshowingtheownershipofgoodsPresentedfortakingthedeliveryofthegoodsatdestination oneisused theothersbecomesvoidautomaticallyCopyB LBearing Copy Duplicate or Non negotiable NormallyonlyusedforreferenceorforrecordsNote B Lisnotindependentofeachother Areceivedforshipmentbillmayalsobeastraightandcleanbill eg Cleanshippeddirectbillofladingmadeouttoorderwithablankendorsement mostcommoninpractice 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 27 5 4ShipmentClauseinthesalescontract ContentoftheshipmentclauseTimeofdeliveryortimeofshipmentport place andport place ofdestinationPartialshipmentsandtransshipmentLaydays demurrageanddispatchStipulationAgreeduponbyboththesellerandbuyerShouldbeclearandspecific 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 28 5 4 1TimeofShipmentvs timeofdelivery Undershipmentcontracts F CGroup Symbolicdelivery Timeofshipment timeofdeliveryThetimelimitforloadingthegoodsonboardvesselorinthehandofthecarrierattheportorplaceofshipmentUnderarrivalcontracts DGroup Actualdelivery Timeofshipment timeofdeliveryTimeofshipment thetimeforloadingthegoodsonboardvesselorothertransportationmeansattheportofshipmentTimeofdelivery thetimeduringwhichthesellerpassesthecontractedgoodstothebuyerattheportofdestinationorattheagreedplace 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 29 5 4 1TimeofShipmentvs timeofdelivery HowtodefinetimeofshipmentThedeadlinebywhichthesellermakesshipmentofthecontractedgoodsTwowaysofsettingthetimeofshipmentByclearlyspecifyingaperiodoftimeoradeadlineShipmentduring in withinJuly 2008Shipmenton before notlaterthanJuly31st 2008BysettingatimeperioduponreceiptofpaymentShipmenttobemade15daysafterthesellerreceivestheL CandtherelevantL Cshouldreachthesellernotlaterthan30thJune 2008 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 30 5 4 1TimeofShipmentvs timeofdelivery IssuestobeconcernedSufficiencyintermsofavailabilityofgoodsavailabilityofshippingspacePaymenteg enoughtimeforexpediting examiningandmodifyingL CNormallyL Cshouldarriveatleast15daysbeforethetimeofshipmentFlexibility avoid shipmentonMay15th Clarityavoidwordinglike Immediateshipment Promptshipment Shipmentassoonaspossible etc 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 31 5 4 2PortofShipment Destination HowtodefinePortofshipment theportwheregoodsareshippedanddepartUsuallydecidedbysellerPortofdestination theportatwhichgoodsaredischargedUsuallydecidedbybuyer confirmedbysellerWaysofstipulationOneport eg Portofshipment NewYork USATwoportsormoreeg Portofdestination London LiverpoolOptionalports forportofdestinationonlyandincasewhenthebuyercannotdecidetheportofdestinationatthetimeofcontracting eg Portofdestination Liverpool optionalHamburg London 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 32 5 4 2PortofShipment Destination IssuestobeconcernedShipmentportclosetotheoriginofthegoodsTakingintoconsiderationportfacilities regulations specifictransportationconditions chargesandpossiblesanctionsWordingtobespecific avoiding Chinaport Europeanmainport etc Consideringpossibilityofsamenamefordifferentports Victoria Portland Birmingham etc eg Victoria UK 2020 2 12 ZhouRuiqi 33 5 4 3 PartialShipment Transshipment PartialshipmentgoodsunderonecontractbeshippedinmorethanonelotReasons lackofmeansofconveyanceorshippingspaceavailabilityLimitationofloadingandunloadingfacilitiesRestrictionofmarketcapacityorpro