历年4月英语词汇学真题和答案(2008-2011).doc

全国2008年4月历年自考英语词汇学真题课程代码：00832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1.A 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.B1. Words fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by _. （ ）A. use frequency B. notionC. productivity D. origin2. Words like bear, nut, knocked out can be categorized as _. （ ）A. terminology B. jargonC. slang D. neologisms3. Identify the word that is of Scandinavian origin among the following. （ ）A. Skirt B. DressC. Model D. Status4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ ）A. Old English was a highly inflected language.B. Reviving archaic or obsolete words also contribute to the growth of English vocabularyC. The word cloak is of French origin.D. Modern English is a synthetic language.5. The root of the word “antecedent” is _. （ ）A. ante- B. -ced-C. -dent D. -ent6.Shortening a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains is called _. （ ）A. blending B. clippingC. acronymy D. back-formation7. Associative meaning of words comprises the following except _. （ ）A. connotative meaning B. lexical meaningC. affective meaning D. collocative meaning8. What is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages? （ ）A. Suffixation. B. Polysemy.C. Allomorph. D. Variation.9. Which word that formerly meant animal, and later animal from Latin and beast from French found their way into English?（ ）A. Deer. B. Cattle.C. Sheep. D. Bird.10. When a word with multiple meanings is used in an inadequate context, this word may create _. （ ）A. semantic motivation B. degradationC. ambiguity D. extension11. Without _, there is no way to determine the very sense of the word that the speaker intended to convey.A. context B. semantic unityC. structural stability D. stylistic feature12. Idioms manifest such rhetorical features as the following except_. （ ）A. phonetic manipulation B. lexical manipulationC. literary expressions D. figures of speech 13. According to its grammatical functions, idioms can be classified into five groups. The idiom “heart and soul” belongs to _. （ ）A. idioms nominal in nature B. idioms adjectival in natureC. idioms verbal in nature D. idioms adverbial in nature14. The main body for a dictionary is _ of words. （ ）A. spellings B. pronunciationsC. definitions D. grammar15. Readers cant find pronunciation or meaning in _. （ ）A. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese TranslationB. The Encyclopedia AmericanaC. Chambers Encyclopedic English DictionaryD. Collins COBUILD English Language DictionaryII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16.inflectional 17.prefixes 18.sense 19.semantic 20.negative16. Affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as _ morphemes.17. The chief function of _ is not to change the word class of the stem, but to change its meaning.18. “Pavement” in British English and “sidewalk” in American English have the same _.19. Red, scarlet, mauve, violet, lavender, pansy, black, purple, etc, make up the _field of colours.20. Some words can have two different types of antonyms at the same time, one being _ and the other oppositeIII. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1 ) types of meanings;2) types of motivations; 3) types of dictionaries; 4) origins of English and 5) types of sense relations. (10%)21.G 22.J 23.A 24.I 25.B 26.D 27.C 28.F 29.E 30.HAB( )21. queer, odd A. onomatopoetically motivated( )22. surplus value B. subordinate hyponymy( )23. miaow C. specialized dictionary( )24. CED D. Greek( )25. hard disk, CPU etc. computer E. polysemy( )26. technologyF. semantically motivated( )27. Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs G relative synonym( )28. The pen is mightier than the sword. H. conceptual meaning( )29. gay-joyous, brilliant and homosexual I. bilingual dictionary( )30. home/dwelling placeJ. GermanIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of context; 2) types of word formation; 3) causes of meaning change; 4 ) types of bound morphemes underlined. (10%)31. extra-linguistic factors- psychological reason32. derivational affix/prefix33. extra-linguistic context34. derivational affix/prefix35. blending36. extra-linguistic context37. lexical context of linguistic context38. bound root39. extra-linguistic factors- class reason40. compounding31. extra-linguistic factors- psychological reason32. derivational affix/prefix33. extra-linguistic context34. derivational affix/prefix35. blending36. extra-linguistic context37. lexical context of linguistic context38. bound root39. extra-linguistic factors- class reason40. compounding31. boob-head-one who returns too often to jail ()32. ascendant()33. look out/look out()34. descend()35. telequiz()36. landlord (in English vs. in Chinese)()37. a coloured nail/a copper nail()38. tolerance()39. churl-bad people()40. stockholder()V. Define the following terms. (10%)41. creation (as a mode of vocabulary development)42. free morphemes43. collocative meaning44. concatenation45. grammatical context41Creation refers to the formation of new words by using the existing materials, namely roots, affixes and other elements.42. Free morphemes have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. They are identical with root words.43. The word-meaning which is suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion.44. A semantic process in which each of the later meanings is related only to the preceding one like chains.45. The meaning of a word that is influenced by the structure in which it occurs.VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)46. What is suffixation? Give an example to illustrate your point 46. Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to sterms.(1分) Suffixes generally change the word class.(1分) For example, “economy” is a verb, but “employer” becomes a noun when the suffix er is added to the stem “employ”.(1分)47. What is the remarkable feature of Longman Lexicon of Contemporary English ?1）compiled on the principle of semantic field;(1分)2）some 15,000 items classified into fourteen semantic fields of a practical everyday nature;(1分)3）subfields also included;(0.5分)4）semantically related words defining one another(0.5分)48. Supply two examples to illustrate that the influx of borrowings has caused some words to change in meaning. pig/pork, sheep/mutton(1分) In old English, animals and their meat shared the same name. with the Norman Conquest and borrowing of corresponding French words, the English words were kept only for live animals and the French words for the animals killed and brought to the table.(2分)VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. ( 18 % )49. Explain the meaning of the phrase “a laconic answer”, using the theory of motivation.Laconic is derived from Lacons (1分), a tribe of people who were known for their “brevity of speech” (2分) and for their habit of never using more words than necessary. (2分) So laconic means “brief or short” (1分)， which is etymologically motivated.(1分) “A laconic answer” thus is “a short answer”. (1分)50. Study the following sentence: 1) pick out the idiom, 2) explain its origin, and 3) comment on the use. Davids head was in the tool-box, but his voice was heard saying, “Too many cooks, better let me.”1） “too many cooks”, from “Too many cooks spoil the broth”. (3分)2） In the situation of disorder or chaos, when everyone tries to direct, the speaker manages to control the situation. (2分)3） The use of the short form indicate the informal situation. (2分)4） This sentence implies the speaker and listeners are working or colleagues. (1分)2008年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题答案及评分参考 Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)每小题2分1.A 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.B Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)每小题2分，答错不给分，拼写错误最多给0.5分。16.inflectional 17.prefixes 18.sense 19.semantic 20.negative Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)types of meanings; 2)types of motivations; 3)types of dictionaries; 4)origins of English and 5)types of sense relations.(10%)每小题1分21.G 22.J 23.A 24.I 25.B 26.D 27.C 28.F 29.E 30.H Study the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of context; 2)types word formation; 3)causes of meaning change; 4)types of bound morphemes underlined.(10%)每小题1分，答错不给分，拼写错误最多给0.5分。31. extra-linguistic factors- psychological reason32. derivational affix/prefix33. extra-linguistic context34. derivational affix/prefix35. blending36. extra-linguistic context37. lexical context of linguistic context38. bound root39. extra-linguistic factors- class reason40. compounding Define the following terms.(10%)每小题2分，表达完整准确得2分；基本达意但不够完整或准确，得1分；不达意，不得分。41Creation refers to the formation of new words by using the existing materials, namely roots, affixes and other elements.42. Free morphemes have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. They are identical with root words.43. The word-meaning which is suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion.44. A semantic process in which each of the later meanings is related only to the preceding one like chains.45. The meaning of a word that is influenced by the structure in which it occurs. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)每小题4分，其中内容3分，语言表达分。内容要点请参阅各小题的要点评分标准，各小题语言表达错误，最多扣1分。46. Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to sterms.(1分) Suffixes generally change the word class.(1分) For example, “economy” is a verb, but “employer” becomes a noun when the suffix er is added to the stem “employ”.(1分)47. 1）compiled on the principle of semantic field;(1分)2）some 15,000 items classified into fourteen semantic fields of a practical everyday nature;(1分)3）subfields also included;(0.5分)4）semantically related words defining one another(0.5分)48. pig/pork, sheep/mutton(1分) In old English, animals and their meat shared the same name. with the Norman Conquest and borrowing of corresponding French words, the English words were kept only for live animals and the French words for the animals killed and brought to the table.(2分) Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)每小题9分，其中内容8分，语言表达1分。内容要点请参阅各小题的要点评分标准，各小题语言表达错误，最多扣1分。49. Laconic is derived from Lacons (1分), a tribe of people who were known for their “brevity of speech” (2分) and for their habit of never using more words than necessary. (2分) So laconic means “brief or short” (1分)， which is etymologically motivated.(1分) “A laconic answer” thus is “a short answer”. (1分)50. 要点及评分标准：1） “too many cooks”, from “Too many cooks spoil the broth”. (3分)2） In the situation of disorder or chaos, when everyone tries to direct, the speaker manages to control the situation. (2分)3） The use of the short form indicate the informal situation. (2分)4） This sentence implies the speaker and listeners are working or colleagues. (1分)全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1According to semanticists, a word is a unit of _.（）AmeaningBSoundCcombination of soundsDGroup2The pronunciation has changed _ spelling over the years.（）Amore slowly than BAs quickly asCmore rapidly than DNot so quickly as 3Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by _.（）Ause frequency BnotionCoriginDsound4Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT_.（）Agreen revolutionBfast foodCmoon walk Dspace shuttle5Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new _ to meet the new need.（）Aform BmeaningClookDpronunciation6Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means _ in British English.（）AfourBfellCforDautumn7The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT _.（）A/t/B/g/C/p/D/k/8There are _ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）AoneBtwoCthreeDfour9The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT _.（）AworksBprewarCpostwarDbloody1030% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through _.（）AcompoundingBaffixationCconversionDshortening11The word “motel” is created by _.（）AcompoundingBclippingCblendingDsuffixation12“BBC” is formed in the way of _.（）AacronymyBclippingCback-formationDprefixation13The types of meanings include the following EXCEPT _.（）Agrammatical meaningBconceptual meaningCassociative meaningDliteral meaning14By _ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（）AonomatopoeicBmorphologicalCsemanticDetymological15_ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.（）AReferenceBConceptCSenseDMotivation16Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of _.（）Aword formationBword meaningCmeaning changeDSense relations 17When a word is first coined, it is always _.（）AsemanticBonomatopoeicCmonosemicDpolysemic18The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT _.（）Aire/angerBrich/wealthyCforlorn/distressedDbliss/happiness19Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different _ from what they have now in dictionaries.（）AsensesBFormsCdialectsDTerms20The mode of _ is well reflected in the word “picture”, which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（）AextensionBelevationCnarrowingDdegradation21In the sentence “The old man, though poor, is a respectable gentleman.”, the word “respectable” is used in the _ sense of transfer.（）AsubjectiveBobjectiveCsensationalDphysical22Which of the following is NOT one of the roles of context?（）AElimination of ambiguity. BIndication of referents.CProvision of clues for inferring word-meaning.DProvision of culture background for inferring word-meaning.23The sentence “I lost Bettys picture.” is ambiguous due to _.（）Agrammatical contextBpolysemyCantonymyDhyponymy24In the sentence “An east or north-east wind brings cold dry weather to England, but a souWester usually brings rain.”, the meaning of “souwester” can be inferred from the clue of _.（）Arelevant detailsBsynonymyCantonymyDhyponymy25The idiom “toss and turn” is a(n) _ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.（）AalliterationBmetaphorCmetonymyDrhyme26Which of the following is NOT one of the types of idioms?（）ASentence idioms.BIdioms adverbial in nature.CClausal idioms.DIdioms nominal in nature.27The following are all variations of idioms, EXCEPT _.（）AreplacementBadditionCshorteningDrepetition28Generally speaking, a dictionary will cover the following content EXCEPT _.（）AspellingBsyntactical usageCpronunciationDdefinition29As a general Chinese-English dictionary, _ is the most complete and up-to-date, most elaborately treated one（）AA Chinese-English Dictionary (1995)BOxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English with Chinese TranslationCA New English-Chinese DictionaryDLongman Dictionary of Contemporary English with Chinese Translation30Collins COBUILD English Usage (1992), is a(n) _ dictionary.（）AunabridgedBdeskCspecializedDencyclopedicMatch the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of transfer; 2) rhetorical features of idioms; 3) types of vocabulary by notion; and 4) the function of affixes. (10%)A B（ c ）31She burst into passionate sobbing. Ajuxtaposition（ I ）32He drops off to sleep, the lamb. Bnotional word（ g ）33and Ctransfer of sensations（ h ）34the mans coatDabstract to concrete（ a ）35here and thereEderivational affix（ b ）36moonFalliteration（ f ）37rough and readyGfunctional word（ e ）38ex-prisonerHinflectiona