Module 1 People and places.doc

Module 1 People and places主讲：席 文 冬一、一周课程概述本单元我们要完成以下学习任务：1学习使用现在进行时，描述正在发生的事情或正在进行的动作。2学习用but连接句子。二、重难点知识归纳及讲解1Im standing on the Great Wall of China and talking to you.我现正站在中国的长城上与你通话。（1）此句中on作介词用，意指“在上面”。如：There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书。He put up a picture on the wall. 他在墙上贴了一幅画。此外，on 还可作副词用，指“在进行中”，如下文中：Were on a school trip. 我们在进行一次学校组织的旅行。类似的短语还有：on a visit进行一次参观；on a journey 进行一次旅行（2）句中的talk是“谈话”的意思。它在句中不能直接接名词做它的宾语。比如：talk to sb. 与某人谈话；talk about sth. 谈论某事He is talking to the teacher about the lesson. 他在和老师谈论这一课的事情。2Tony is eating an ice cream. 托尼在吃冰淇淋。 And Daming is eating lunch. 而大明在吃午餐。句中eat 是及物动词，接宾语。但请大家注意，同样是吃，两句中宾语形式不一样。前者名词前有不定冠词，后者没有。这是因为lunch一词前通常不加冠词的原因。类似的用法如：have/eat breakfast 吃早餐；have/eat lunch吃午餐；have/eat supper吃晚餐。但是，如果要说“吃一顿饭”我们通常用have a meal。3Can you send me a postcard too? 你能送我张明信片吗？本句中send一词可以有两个宾语，在英语中我们称之为双宾语。注意当两个宾语的位置交换时，我们要在两宾语间加一个介词to/for。如上句我们可以这样说：Can you send a postcard to me too? 类似的词还有：buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. 给某人买东西；give sb. sth.=give sth.to sb.4Were enjoying the school trip a lot. 我们非常喜欢学校的这次郊游。句中的enjoy是“享受的乐趣、喜欢”的意思，及物动词，它后面通常接名词或者是动名词，不接不定式。如：Some elder people enjoy Beijing opera immensely. 有些上了年纪的人非常喜爱京剧。The twin brothers always enjoy going to the concert.这一对双胞胎弟兄俩对听音乐会总是兴致勃勃。5Anyway, were going home now. 好了，我们要回去了。（1）anyway 在这里是表示结束一个话题，又接另一个话题。（2）这里的进行时态是用来表示按计划将要做的事情或进行的动作。如：Im sorry. Im playing soccer. 对不起，我要去踢足球了。6She is shopping for presents. 她在买礼物。这里的shop做不及物动词用，指“去购物”。如指“购买某东西”时，后面要接介词for。如：We are shopping for new coats. 我们在买新衣服。7In English we always use some words before or after other words, such as the phrases wait for, do my homework, put on my sweater 在英语中我们常常将一些词用在其他的词前面或后面，如下面这些短语wait for, do my homework, put on my sweater 等等。句中such as 指“例如，像那样的”通常在as后面接名词，表示列举两个以上例子。如：Im visiting several cities, such as New York, Chicago, and Boston. 我要游览几个城市，像纽约、芝加哥、波士顿等。English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia and Canada.许多国家都讲英语，例如澳大利亚和加拿大。8At this moment, in different places of the world people are doing different things. 此时此刻，世界上不同地区的人们在做着不同的事情。at this moment意为“此时此刻”，其中this也可用the来替代。Im visiting my friends in Hollywood at the moment. 我此刻正在好莱坞拜访我的朋友。9Some are having afternoon tea at home or walking to pubs and having a drink. 一些人正在家里面喝下午茶，或是在去酒馆的路上或正在喝酒。afternoon tea 意思是“下午茶，午后茶点”。喝下午茶是英国的传统，也是英国人生活中的一部分，英国人习惯于三餐两茶。每天，人们工作、学习一段时间后，需要停下来休息一刻钟左右，喝杯茶，吃点东西，这段时间叫tea break (茶休)。茶休一般为一天两次：morning tea (上午茶) 和afternoon tea (下午茶)。上午茶一般在10点半左右，下午茶一般在下午4点到5点之间。pub 即 public house，指英国的酒馆或酒吧。有关pub更详细的解释你们可以参看课后136页第三条注释。have a drink 这里的drink 应指酒，而不是水或饮料。10Children are starting their lessons. 孩子们开始做功课。这里start指“开始”，它也有“使发动”的意思。We couldnt start the car. 我们不能发动这辆汽车。If you are ready, you may start your work. 如果你准备好了，你可以开始工作了。此外，start在表示“开始”时还可接不定式或动名词，即start to do sth./start doing sth.如：They are starting to prepare the lunch. 他们在开始准备午餐。He usually starts studying at eight at home. 他在家通常8点开始学习。11They are seeing friends, calling home or shopping. 他们在看望朋友，给家里打电话或是购物。Were looking at the homes of the film stars. 我们在看电影明星的住宅。Some are going to the opera or watching a ballet. 有些人将要去看戏或看芭蕾舞。这三句话里都有“看”，但分别用了不同的词，它们是有区别的。see指“看见，看到”，强调的是看的结果，通常作及物动词用。如：I looked but saw nothing. 我注意了，但是什么也没看到。I can see two ships in the harbor. 我可以看见港口有两艘船。look 指“看, 注意”，强调动作和过程，通常作不及物动词用，与at搭配使用。如：We are looking at the blackboard. 我们在看黑板。而watch 则指“看, 注视，观看”，是及物动词，如“看比赛，看戏”都用watch。如：Do you often watch television? 你常看电视吗？三、语法点拨现在进行时本单元核心语法是现在进行时，要掌握这种时态的用法，同学们从以下两方面入手。1从句式入手，英语中的句子通常可分为肯定句、否定句和疑问句：（1）现在进行时的肯定句：Im standing on the Great Wall. 我正站在长城上。（2）现在进行时的否定式：In New York its midday. People arent working.在纽约现在是正午。人们不在工作。（3）现在进行时的疑问句：What are the others doing？其他人在干什么呢？2从人称入手，人称可分为第一、二、三人称，还有单、复数之分：（1）现在进行时在单数人称下的用法：Im visiting my friends in Hollywood at the moment. 此刻我正在拜访在好莱坞的朋友。（第一人称）What are you doing now? 你现在在干什么？（第二人称）Wang Hui is taking lots of pictures. 王辉在拍照片。（第三人称）（2）现在进行时在复数人称下的用法：We are having a good time. 我们正玩得开心。（第一人称）Are you playing games? 你们在玩游戏吗？（第二人称）In Beijing its one oclock. People arent having dinner. They are sleeping.在北京现在是凌晨1点钟。人们没有在吃饭。他们在睡觉。（第三人称）从以上两方面我们可以简单的得出结论，也就是说：现在进行时的基本表达都是要借助于动词be (am, is, are)来实现的。其基本形式是be + doing。窗体顶端单项选择：1We are visiting the Forbidden City and _ lots of pictures.AbuyBbuyingCtake Dtaking2Hi, Betty, can you come to have a drink with me? Just a minute, please. I _ my work. AstartBam startingCfinish Dam finishing3Thank you _ your Christmas card from New York.Ato BinCforDon4Its five oclock and people are _ for the train.Await BwaitingCruning Drun5What is she doing? She is talking _ her parents.Ato BforCat Dfrom6Tom and I _ enjoying _ books.Aam; readingBare; to readCam; to readDare; reading7Look, he is taking _ books.Amuch Ba lot ofCa lotDa great deal of8Tony, do you want to _ the football match?Alook atBseeCwatchDhear9Can you send this picture _ your grandpa?AforBtoCover Don10Betty is _ a red coat today.Adressing Bdressing inCdressedDdressed in 窗体底端一、翻译下列词组或短语。1在阳光下 _2吃午餐 _3拍照片 _ 4一次学校的郊游 _5穿衣服 _6leave work _7run for trains _8watch a ballet _9start their lessons _10write a postcard _二、根据汉语提示完成下列各句。1有些人将要去看戏或看芭蕾舞。Some are _the opera or _ a ballet.2她在买礼物。She is shopping _ presents.3我要游览几个城市，像纽约、芝加哥、波士顿等。Im _ several cities, _ New York, Chicago, and Boston.4我们非常喜欢学校的这次郊游。Were enjoying the school _ a lot.5我现正站在中国的长城上与你通话。Im _the Great Wall of China and _ you.三、根据要求改写下列句子。1People are going to the opera.(改为否定句)_2Betty and I are talking to each other. (改为一般问句)_3He is standing near the tree. (改为复数形式)_4They are eating hamburgers. (划线部分提问)_5Daming is eating lunch and lying in the sun. (划线部分提问)_答案四、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。Tony：Hi, Dad!Dad： Hi, Tony. What (1) _(you/do)?Tony：We (2) _(visit) the Great Wall. Lingling and Mary (3) _ (w