★【英语语法手册】一般将来时的基本概念和形式.doc

【英语语法手册】一般将来时的基本概念和形式将来一般时的基本概念和形式将来一般时(future indefinite tense)表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。将来一般时由助动词shall(第一人称)或will(第二、三人称)+动词原形构成。美国英语则不管什么人称，一律用will现将将来一般时在肯定、否定、一般疑问及其简略答语等四种结构中。将来一般时的用法1)表示将来的动作或状态，常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow(明天)，next week(下周)，from now on(从现在开始)，in a month(一个月后)，in the future(将来)等。如：My daughter will be twelve years old tomorrow.我的女儿明天整十二岁。He will come to see you the day after tomorrow.他后天要来看你。The indoor swimming pool will be open to the public from October 16.室内游泳池自十月十六日起开放。He will go to the technical training class every other day.他将每隔一天到技术训练班去学习。I shall go back to see my childhood friends in the summer vacation.暑假我要回去看我儿时的朋友。Today we shall have a report on the situation in Africa.我们今天有关于非洲形势的报告。2)表示将来经常发生的动作。如：We shall work in this factory everyday.我们将每天在这工厂工作。其他表示将来的说法1)be going + 动词不定式多用于口语中，常表示打算、即将、决心去做的事或可能要发生的事。如：We are going to visit the Museum of Chinese History.我们要去参观中国历史博物馆。(表打算)Little Wang studies very hard，he is going to try for a scholarship.小王学习非常努力，他将争取获得奖学金。(表决心)Look at those clouds. Its going rain.瞧那些云，要下雨了。(表估计可能)The wall is going to collapse! 那墙要倒塌了? (即将)2) go, come, leave, start等表示移动的动词，可用现在进行时来表示即将发生的动作。3)be about + 动词不定式表示即将发生的动作。如：The English evening is about to begin.英语晚会即将开始。We are about to leave，so there is no time to visit him now.我们就要离开了，所以现在没有时间去看他。4)be + 动词不定式表示安排或计划好了的动作等，(参看10.2的3)。如：The boys are to go to school next week.这些男孩子下周要上学了。He and I are to meet at the Shanghai Railway Station.他和我约定在上海火车站见面。Im to be home before midnight.我午夜前回家。过去将来一般时的基本概念和形式过去将来一般时(future-in-the-past indefinite tense)表示对于过去某一时间而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来一般时由should(第一人称)或would(第二、三人称)加动词原形组成。美国英语则不论什么人称，一律用would。过去将来一般时的用法过去将来一般时常用在宾语从句中。如：I rang up to tell my aunt that I Should leave for Los Angeles next Monday.我打电话告诉我姑母下星期一我要到洛杉矶去。Michael said that about twenty agronomists Would come here in a few days.迈克尔说，过几天大约二十个农艺师要到这里来。They wanted to know when you would finish the article.他们想知道你什么时候写完这篇文章。We asked him where we Should go to work next week. 我们问他我们下周上哪儿去干活。注在实际运用中，过去将来的动作也常用8.16中各种说法的过去时表示。 【英语中常见的123个中国习语】64.杀鸡用牛刀break a butterfly on the wheel 65.实事求是seek truth from facts; be practical and realistic; be true to facts 66.说曹操,曹操到Talk of the devil and he comes. 67.实话实说speak the plain truth; call a spade a spade; tell it as it is 68.实践是检验真理的唯一标准Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth. 69.山不在高，有仙则名No matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far and wide if there is a fairy; 70.韬光养晦hide ones capacities and bide ones time 71.糖衣炮弹sugar-coated bullets 72.天有不测风云Anything unexpected may happen. a bolt from the blue 73.团结就是力量Unity is strength. 74.“ 跳进黄河洗不清”eve if one jumped into the Yellow River, one can not wash oneself clean-theres nothing one can do to clear ones name 75.歪风邪气unhealthy practices and evil phenomena 76.物以类聚，人以群分Birds of a feather flock together. 77.往事如风The past has vanished (from memory) like wind.; What in past, is pas 78.望子成龙hold high hopes for ones child 79.屋漏又逢连阴雨Misfortunes never come singly. When it rains it pours. 80.文韬武略military expertise; military strategy 81.唯利是图draw water to ones mill 82.无源之水,无本之木water without a source, and a tree wiithout roots 83.无中生有make create something out of nothing 84. 无风不起浪There are no waves without wind. Theres no smoke without fire. 85.徇私枉法bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends 86.新官上任三把火a new broom sweeps clean 87.虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 88. 蓄势而发accumulate strength for a take-off 89.心想事成May all your wish come true 90.心照不宣have a tacit understanding; give tacit consent; tacit understanding 91.先入为主First impressions are firmly entrenched. 92.先下手为强catch the ball before the bound 93.像热锅上的蚂蚁like an ant on a hot pan 59.升级换代 updating and upgrading (