高考英语第一轮复习 第一部分课文 Module 8 Unit 2 Cloning课件.ppt

第一部分基础模块夯实 module8unit2cloning sectioni 课本扫描 一 核心单词1 differ dif vi 不同 相异differencen 不同之处differentadj 不同的 1 theirhousediffersfrommineinhavingnogarage 他们的房子与我的不同在于他们的没有车库 2 thetwosidesstilldifferwitheachotheroverthequestionofpay 双方在报酬的问题上仍各持己见 小练 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译 1 thetwosquaresdiffer 介词 colorbutnot 介词 size 2 thehusbanddiffers 介词 thewife 介词 whoistotakechargeofthemoney 3 thisisadifferentcar 介词 theoneidroveyesterday in in with on about over from 2 undertake nd teik vt undertook undertaken 着手 从事 承担 1 heundertooktheresponsibilityforthesechanges 他承担了做出这些改变的责任 2 sheundertooktopaythemoneybackinonemonth 她答应在一个月之内还钱 小练 汉译英 1 她答应在周五之前完成那份工作 2 我将保证你的安全 sheundertooktofinishtheworkbeforefriday i llundertakeforyoursecurity 3 forbid f bid vt forbade forbad forbidden 禁止 不准iforbidyoutotellanyone 我不准你告诉任何人 小练 汉译英 1 老师禁止在教室里制造噪声 2 他爸爸不准他和她交谈 3 要禁止小孩子玩电脑游戏很难 theteacherforbidsmakingnoisesintheclassroom hisfatherforbadehimtotalktoher itishardtoforbidchildrentoplaycomputergames 4 strike straik vi vt struck struck 打 撞击 罢工n 罢工 打击 1 thebombersmadeasuddenstrikeontheharbor 轰炸机对这港口进行了一次突然袭击 2 thedockersarecomingoutonstrikeforhigherwages 码头工人将举行罢工要求增加工资 小练 用strike的适当短语填空 1 thescene terror hisheart 2 theworkersinthatfactorydecidedto butthegovernmenttriedtobrokeitup struck into callastrike 5 owe u vt 欠 应该把归功于 感激 感恩 1 heoweshisfather 50pounds heowes 50poundstohisfather 他欠他父亲50英镑 2 weowethisdiscoverytonewton 我们的这一发现要归功于牛顿 归纳owe to 把 归功于 应感激 owesb sth owesth tosb 欠某人某物owingto 由于 短语介词 后接名词 代词或动名词 小练用owe的适当短语填空 1 hepaidmethe200dollarshe me 2 heoweshisgoodhealth plentyofexerciseandaregularlife 3 heowes100dollars me 4 thebadweather thesportsmeetwillbeputoff owed to to owingto 6 retire ri tai vi 退休 役 退出 撤退 1 hewillretirefromthearmynextyear 他明年从部队退役 2 ourforcesretiredtopreparedpositions 我们的部队撤退到既设阵地上 归纳retirefrom 从 退休 役 退出retire from to 退出 离开 尤指到僻静处 小练根据句子的要求在括号里填入所给词适当的形式或翻译 1 she retire nextyearafter30yearswiththecompany 2 hewasforcedto 提前退出 teachingbecauseofillhealth 3 heisa retire airlinepilot isretiring retireearlyfrom retired 7 bother b vt 打扰vi 操心n 烦扰 1 iambusy don tbothermenow 我很忙 现在别打扰我 2 iamsorrytobotheryou butcanyoutellmethetime 对不起 打扰了 请问现在几点 归纳 bothertodosth bother about doingsth 费心做某事bothersb todosht 麻烦某人做某事botherwith aboutsb sth 关心某人 某事小练 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译 1 don t get dinnerforme 2 一shallihelpyouwiththecases don t icanmanage 3 don tbother 介词 us wewillsoonjoinyou bothertoget bother about getting bother about 8 obtain b tein b tein vt 获得 赢得obtainableadj能得到的 可获得的 1 ihaven tbeenabletoobtainthatrecordanywhere 我到处都没买到那张唱片 2 theflowersarenolongerobtainable 那花再也得不到了 归纳 obtainsth fromsb sth 从 获得某物小练 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词 1 areherrecordsstill obtain 2 furtherinformationcanbeobtained 介词 headoffice obtainable from 二 重点词组1 payoff得到好结果 取得成功 常用主动态 1 atlast herhardworkpaidoff 最后 她的努力得到了回报 2 didyourplanpayoff 你的计划成功了吗 短语归纳 payfor付 的钱 为 而付出代价paybacksth paysb backsth 偿还paysb forsth 因某事而付给某人 paysb todosth 付给某人 去做某事 小练 用与pay相关的词组或所给词适当的形式填空 1 aftertenyearsofhardworkshefinally herdebt 2 oureffortsaresureto 3 haveyou themoney thebankyet 4 iwill you nextweek 5 ipaidtheboytenyuan clean thewindow paidoff payoff paid to pay back toclean 2 infavorof赞成 支持 对 有利 1 iaminfavorofyoursuggestion 我赞成你的提议 2 italkedtosusanaboutit andshe sallinfavorofgoing 我与苏珊谈了这件事 她完全赞同离开 归纳askafavor请求帮忙dosb afavor doafavorforsb 帮某人的忙小练 根据句子的要求填入适当的词或翻译 1 seniorministersspoke theproposal 2 wouldyou 请你帮忙 andturnofftheradio infavorof domeafavor 3 beboundtodo一定 注定 做 1 theweatherisboundtogetbettertomorrow 明天天气一定会变好 2 you vedonesomuchworkthatyou reboundtopasstheexam 你下了这么大工夫 一定能考及格 归纳beboundfor 准备去 小练 用bound的适当短语填空 1 thebus newengland 2 whenyouaredealingwithsomanypatients mistakes happen isboundfor areboundto 4 beingood poor excellentcondition处于 好的 坏的 极佳的 状况 1 theshipisnotinacondition isinnoconditiontomakealongvoyage 此船的现状不适宜远航 2 mycarisoldbutingoodcondition 我的车虽旧 但车况良好 短语归纳 outofcondition健康状况欠佳condition意为 条件 时 常用短语 oncondition that 在 条件下onnocondition一点也不 决不 小练 根据句子的要求填入适当的词或短语 1 thecarhasbeenwellmaintainedandis excellentcondition 2 youare allowedtodothattoyourparents 3 ihadnoexerciseforages i mreally condition 4 youcangoout conditionthatyouwearanovercoat in onnocondition outof on 三 课文回顾cloning whichisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalorplant hasalwaysbeeninnaturewithus notonly1gardenersuseittoproducecommercialquantitiesofplantsbutitisalsoavaluablemethodfordoingresearchonnewplantspeciesandanimals cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsisavery2 complicate anddifficulttask3 undertake aftermanyattemptstoclonemammalsfailed finallythedeterminationandpatienceofthescientistspaid4in1996withabreakthrough thebirthofaclonedsheepcalleddolly which5 strike amixtureofexcitementandworryintopeople shearts do complicated hewholescientificworldwasencouragedasshedevelopednormally6thedisturbingnewscamethatdollyhadbecomeseriouslyill scientists7 cast downtofindthatdolly sillnesseswere8 appropriate toamucholderanimal dollylivedaltogethersixandahalfyears halfofthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep dolly sdeath likeherbirth 9 bound toraiseworries inaddition dolly sappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination thoughcontroversial somepeopleareinfavourofit realizingit spossiblethatcloningcanbeusedtocureillnessesandeventoproducehumanbeings however moralquestions10 raise thatevilleadersmightclonethemselvestoattaintheirambitions until werecast moreappropriate 四 句子精析与仿写1 cloningplantsisstraightforwardwhilecloninganimalsisverycomplicated 克隆植物是简单的而克隆动物却十分复杂 句子分析 1 ienjoyhikingwhilesheprefersfishing 表示对比或相反 2 while heis drivingbackhome helikelisteningtosomemusic 表示 当 时候 常与进行时连用 当从句主语与主句主语相同 谓语为be时 可将从句的主语与be省略 仿写 1 父亲喜欢看报而儿子却喜欢上网 2 我们过马路时 要小心 thefatherlikesreadingnewspaperwhilethesonenjoyssurfingontheinternet whilecrossingtheroad weshouldbecareful 2 thencamethedisturbingnewsthatdollyhadbecomeseriouslyill 然后传来多利病重这一令人烦恼的消息 句子分析 herecomesthebus outrushedthestudents thereexistdisagreementsonthisissue hereyouare 以上句子表示时间 方式或方位的副词或介词短语位于句首时 应采用全部倒装 如 now then here there up down out off等 但是 如果主语为代词 主谓不倒装 仿写 1 树下站着一个美丽的小女孩 2 上课铃响了 老师走了进来 3 看 他来了 underthetreestoodabeautifullittlegirl thebellrangandincametheteacher look herehecomes 3 diversityinagroupmeanshavinganimalswiththeirgenesarrangedindifferentways 一个群体中的多样性意味着动物的基因以不同的方式排列 句子分析 with的复合结构 即with 宾语 宾补 表示伴随 原因 条件 方式等 其中 宾补部分可以由非谓语 形容词 副词 介词短语等充当 如 helivedinalowbamboohutwithgrassstickingoutoftheroof withalotofproblemstosolve thebossstayeduplateeverynight 为了解决这么多的问题 老板每晚熬夜很晚 theboycamein withabottleofcocacolainhishand 男孩进来的时候拿着一瓶可口可乐 仿写 1 还有很多实验要做 他一吃完饭就回实验室了 2 随着比赛的临近 选手们越来越紧张 3 问题解决了 大家一起欢呼起来 withagoodmanyexperimentstodo hereturnedtothelabafterdinner withthecompetitiondrawingnear theplayersbecamemoreandmorenervous withtheproblemsolved everyonecheered sectionii 单元配套一 重点词词形变换1 althoughtheyaretwins they fromeachotherinmanyaspects oneoftheirmajor isthattheyhave characters differ 2 everyoneis toenterthis ground forbid 3 nowadaysfewpeoplecan thetemptationofmoney whoeveris toitisboundtoachievealotintheirlife resist 4 manypeopleraisedan tothenewsreport arguingthatitisnot object 5 it himthattheworkersmightgoouton strike differ differences different forbidden forbidden resist resistant objection objective struck strike 二 活用表格中的短语1 thebadweather oursportsmeetinghasbeenpostponed 2 hiswords hisdaughter scareerchoice 3 inspiteofthehighrisk theireffortsfinally 4 mostofthestudentsare themonitor sproposal 5 foramanofhisage heis 6 istillcomeandseeher althoughi vemovedtoanothercity 7 michaelseemsquite whathashappenedtohim 8 ifyouwereonadesertisland whatwouldyoumissmost owingto madeadifferenceto paidoff ingoodcondition fromtimetotime infavorof castdown castaway 三 完形填空 pearsonhas1togethertoworkofhundredsofresearchersaroundtheworldtoproducea2millennium 一千年 technologycalendarthatgivesthelatestdateswhenwecanexpecthundredsofkey3anddiscoveriestotakeplace someofthebiggestdevelopmentswillbeinmedicine includingan4lifeexpectancyanddozensofartificialorgans5intousebetweennowand2040 pearsonalso6abreakthroughincomputerhumanlinks bylinking7toournervoussystem computerscouldpickupwhatwefeeland hopefully simulate8toosothatwecanstartto9fullsensoryenvironments ratherliketheholidaysintotalrecallorthestartrekholodeck hesays butthat pearsonpointsout isonlythestartofman machine10 itwillbethebeginningofthelongprocessofintegrationthatwillultimatelyleadtoafullyelectronichumanbeforetheendofthenextcentury throughhisresearch pearsonisabletoputdatestomostofthebreakthroughsthatcanbepredicted however therearestillno11forwhenfaster than lighttravelwillbe12 orwhenhumancloningwillbeperfected orwhentimetravelwillbepossible buthedoes13socialproblemsasaresultoftechnologicaladvances aboominneighborhoodsurveillance 监视 cameraswill forexample 14problemsin2010 whilethearrivalofsyntheticlifelikerobotswillmeanpeoplemaynotbeableto15betweentheirhumanfriendsandthedroids 人形机器人 andhomeapplianceswillalsobecomesosmartthatcontrollingandoperatingthemwillresultinthebreakoutofanewpsychologicaldisorder kitchenrage 1 a takenb piecedc keptd madebpiecetogether拼凑 结合 2 a complicatedb delicatec subtled uniquedcomplicated复杂的 delicate精致的 脆弱的 subtle狡猾的 敏感的 unique唯一的 独特的 3 a breakthroughsb findingsc eventsd incidentsabreakthrough突破 finding发现 event事件 incident事件 事变 4 a expandedb extendedc enlargedd enrichedbexpanded膨胀的 扩张的 extended伸出的 延长的 enlarged放大的 扩大的 enriched浓缩的 强化的 extendlifeexpectance延长寿命 5 a beingb becomingc carryingd comingdcomeintouse开始投入使用 6 a schedulesb plansc predictsd designscschedule确定时间 plan计划 predict预测 design设计 7 a directlyb instantlyc preciselyd automaticallyadirectly直接地 instantly立即 precisely精确地 automatically自动地 8 a thinkingb hearingc sightd feelingd根据上文whatwefeel 以及下文fullsensoryenvironments 可知d项符合文意 9 a formb developc findd undertakeb根据上文 模仿人类情感 营造一个完全感官环境 10 a programb productionc experimentd integrationdintegration综合 集成 此处指人机一体化 11 a forecastsb articlesc storiesd meetingsaforecast先见 预测 12 a advisableb affordablec availabled valuablecavailable可利用的 可行的 13 a solveb arosec exercised expectd注意主语是人 不选arose 14 a confrontb causec witnessd collectb比方说 安邻区的监控装置将会在2010年给人们带来许多问题 15 a distinguishb differc diagnosed deviateadistinguishbetween differfrom diagnose诊断 deviatefrom背离 四 语法填空itwas2 30a m saturday march15 dr michaelryan anofficialoftheworldhealthorganization who ingeneva waswokenupbyaphonecall 1wasfromthewho smanilaoffice hewaswarned2thestrangenewdiseasesarswasdiscoveredinasiaandmightgetto3 mainlands a32 year oldsingaporeandoctor4hadjustbeentoameetinginnewyork wasonhiswayhome it that other who that he5 show thesignsofthediseasesars hewascoughing6hadahightemperature reportsofsarsincanadaandsingaporehadalreadycometothewhoofficeingeneva 7telephonecallmadethemattermoreserious ryanatonceworkedthephonesandgottoknowthatthesingaporeandoctor8 take aplaneandwouldarriveatfrankfurtairportat9 30thatmorning bythetimetheplanelanded expertsandnurses9specialsuitswerewaitingtotakethedoctortothehospital itisthefirsttimewehaveeverworkedfaster10avirus saysryan wasshowing and the hadtaken in than 1 it代词 代替前文的aphonecall 2 that连词 引导宾语从句 3 other表其他的内陆 4 who that关系代词 引导限制性定语从句 5 wasshowing动词的过去进行时态 表 当时正表现出sars的症状 6 and表并列关系 即咳嗽和发高烧 7 the表特指前文提到的来自who smanilaoffice的电话 8 hadtaken动词的过去完成时态 表乘飞机在gottoknow之前发生 9 in介词短语作定语 表 穿着特殊的衣服 10 thanfasterthan 是比较级结构 五 阅读理解 whydomendieearlierthanwomen thelatestresearchmakesitknownthatthereasoncouldbethatmen sheartsgointorapiddeclinewhentheyreachmiddleage thelargeststudyoftheeffectsofageingonthehearthasfoundthatwomen slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartsdonotlosetheirpumpingpowerwithage wehavefoundthatthepowerofthemaleheartfallsby20 25percentbetween18and70yearsofage saidtheheadofthestudy davidgoldspinkofliverpooljohnmooresuniversityintheuk withinthehearttherearemillionsofcellsthatenableittobeat betweentheageof20and70 one thirdofthosecellsdieandarenotreplacedinmen saidgoldspink thisispartoftheageingprocess whatsurprisesscientistsisthatthefemaleheartseesverylittlelossofthesecells ahealthy70 year oldwoman sheartcouldperformalmostaswellasa20 year oldone s thisgenderdifferencemightjustexplainwhywomenlivelongerthanmen saidgoldspink theystudiedmorethan250healthymenandwomenbetweentheagesof18and80 focusingonhealthypersonstoremovetheconfusinginfluenceofdisease theteamhasyettofindwhyageingtakesagreaterlossonthemaleheart saidgoldspink thegoodnewsisthatmencanimprovethehealthoftheirheartwithregularexercise goldspinkstressedthatwomenalsoneedregularexercisetopreventtheirlegmusclesbecomingsmallerandweakerastheyage 1 theunderlinedword longevity inthesecondparagraphprobablyrefersto a healthb longlifec ageingd effectb词义猜测题 根据文章第一段的第一句whydomendieearlierthanwomen及全文内容可猜出 本题的正确答案选b 2 thetextmainlytalksabout a men sheartcellsb women sageingprocessc thegenderdifferenced heartsandlonglifed主旨大意题 根据文章第一段的第二句 thereasoncouldbethatmen sheartsgointorapiddeclinewhentheyreachmiddleage和第二段中的women slongevitymaybelinkedtothefactthattheirheartsdonotlosetheirpumpingpowerwithage及全文内容可知 本题的正确答案选d b d 3 accordingtothetext theukscientistshaveknownthat a womenhavemorecellsthanmenwhentheyarebornb womencanreplacethecellsthatenablethehearttobeatc thefemaleheartlosesfewofthecellswithaged womenneverlosetheirpumpingpowerwithagec事实细节题 根据文章第五段的第1句whatsurprisesscientistsisthatthefemaleheartseesverylittlelossofthesecells可知 本题的正确答案选c c 4 ifyouwanttolivelonger youshould a enableyourhearttobeatmuchfasterb findoutthereasonforageingc exerciseregularlytokeepyourheart