职称英语综合b补全新增.doc

第九篇Heat Is Killer 【外语教育&网】Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world. Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot, it can cause serious medical problems even death. Floods, storms, volcano eruptions and other natural disasters kill thousands of people every year. 1 Experts say heat may be natures deadliest killer. Recently, extreme heat was blamed for killing more than one hundred people in India. It is reported that the total heat of a hot day or several days can affect health. （2） . Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature. This causes great stress on the human body.（3） . Stay out of the sun, if possible. Drink lots of cool water. Wear light colored clothing made of natural materials; avoid wearing synthetic clothing. Make sure the clothing is loose，permitting freedom of movement1. And learn the danger signs of the medical problems, such as headache and vomiting，that are linked to heat. （4） . The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot2. Doctors say those suffering headache or muscle pain should stop all activity and rest in a cool place and drink cool liquids. Do not return to physical activity3 for a few hours because more serious conditions could develop.Doctors say some people face an increased danger from heat stress. （5） . Hot weather also increases dangers for people who must take medicine for high blood pressure4，poor blood flow，nervousness or depression.词汇:eruption n. 爆发，喷发vomit v. 呕吐deadly adj. 致命的muscle n. 肌肉synthetic adj. 合成的注释:1. Make sure the clothing is loose，permitting freedom of movement. 衣服一定要宽松，以便活 动自如。make sure 意为“确信，保证”，其后面从句的谓语要用一般现在时。如：Make sure the door is locked before you leave. permitting freedom of movement是分词短语，用做目的状语。2. The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. 疼痛是一个警告，说明你的身体过热。that the body is becoming too hot是同位语从句，与warning同位，说明warning的内容。3. physical activity：体力活动4. Hot weather also increases dangers for people who must take medicine for high blood pressure ：炎热天气对于那些必须服药以控制血压的人也增加了危险性。练习:A Such persons have a weak or damaged heart，high blood pressure，or other problems of the blood system.B Several of these conditions are present at the same time.C Most people suffer only muscle pain as a result of heat stress.D Several hot days are considered a heat wave.E So does extreme heat.F Doctors say people can do many things to protect themselves from the dangers of extreme heat.答案与题解：1. E 本文的标题是 Heat Is Killer，通篇文章说的是heat的危害性及预防方法。“空1”前面的句子是，Floods，storms，volcano eruptions and other natural events kill thousands of people every year，“空1”后面的句子是，heat may be natures deadliest killer.所以这里应将最致命的杀手E提出。2. D “空2”后面的句子说到heat waves，而选项D的句子中也出现heat wave，说明这两个句子意思上有联系。“空2”的句子是对heat wave“下定义，为下一句的展开作了铺垫。D 是答案。3. F 第一段末尾说，白天的热浪，如果到夜晚没有降温，会给身体带来巨大的压力，这是很危险的。第二段就列举了许多保护自己免受高温伤害的方法。“空3”的句子应该是位于段首的概括句。选项F说人们有多种办法保护自己，完全符合要求，因此是答案。4. C 紧跟“空4”后面句子中有特指的the pain，说明前文一定出现过pain这个词。选项C的句子中有pain，且C的句子填入后，上下文意思连贯，所以是答案。5. A “空5”前面的句子意思为：某些人在热浪期间特别危险。读者或许会问，是哪些人呢？选项A回答了这个问题，所以是答案。*第十一篇Virtual Driver 【外语教育&网】Driving involves sharp eyes and keen ears，analyzing with a brain，and coordination between hands，feet and brain. A man has sharp eyes and keen ears，analyzes through his brain，and maintains coordination between his hands and brains. He can control a fast-moving car with different parts of his body. （1）_ _ Apparently there isnt anyone in the drivers cab，but there is in fact a virtual driver1. This virtual driver has eyes，brains，hands and feet too. The minicameras on each side of the car are its eyes and are responsible for observing the road conditions ahead of it as well as the traffic to its left and right. If you open the boot，you can see the most important part of the automatic driving system: a built-in computer. （2）_ _ _ The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at2, analyzing their position on the road, choosing the right path, and giving orders to the wheel and the control system.In comparison with the human brain, the virtual drivers best advantage is that it reacts quickly. （3）_ _ However, it takes the worlds best racecar driver at least one second to react, and this doesnt include the time he needs to take action.With its rapid reaction and accurate control，the virtual driver can reduce the accident rate on expressways considerably. In this case, is it possible for us to let it have the wheel3 at any time and in any place? _4_. With its limited ability to recognize things, the car can now only travel on expressways.The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. _5_. This being the case4, people still have high hopes about driverless cars， and think highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like5.词汇：virtual adj. 虚拟的Built-in adj. 嵌入的coordination n. 协调，配合racecar n. 赛车cab n. 驾驶室expressway n. 高速公路minicamera n. 小型照相机driverless adj. 无驾驶员的boot n. （车身后部的）行李箱注释：1. virtual driver：虚拟驾驶员2.The brain is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at：大脑负责计算汽车周围物体移动的速度。 The brain is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at The brain is responsible for calculating the speeds at which objects surrounding the car are moving3.have the wheel：驾驶汽车4.This being the case：虽然情况是这样。 This being the case 是独立分词短语。5.highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like：未来的汽车就应该是高度智能化的汽车。练习：AExperts say that we cannot do that just yet.BIn the near future， intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.CThis is the brain of the car.DBut how does an intelligent car control itself?E. It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.FHowever, it cannot recognize moving people and bicycles on ordinary roads that have no clear markings on them.答案与解析：1. D “空1” 前面三个句子讲的是真人驾驶员驾驶汽车时脑、眼、耳、手、脚并用，而且要协调配合。“空1”之后话题转入虚拟驾驶员。“空1”之后的第一句 “Apparently there isnt anyone in the drivers cab”似来得有些突然。与前面句子接得很生硬。中间应该有个过渡句。选项 C 就是连接上下文的过渡句。2. C “空2”前面一句说， 如果你打开车身后部的行李箱，你就能看到自动驾驶系统的最重要的部件，嵌入式电脑。“空2”后的句子中的 the brain of the car 自然是指前句的 built-in computer, 但接得太突然。选项 C 的 “This is the bra