中国文化通览(第五课).ppt

Section2BeijingOperaandLocalOperas TheHistoryofChineseOpera TraditionalChineseoperaisthecreamoftheChineseculture Itcamefromthesonganddanceoftheprimitivesociety 1 intheSpringandAutumnPeriodandtheWarringStatesPeriod sorcerer sdanceinthefeudalsociety orcomedian sdance 2 intheHanDynasty acrobaticstovaudeville 3 intheTangDynasty canjunxi militarystaffofficers performance thestoriesbecamemoreandmorecomplicated andthewholethinggraduallybecameacombinationofdifferentkindsofarts TheHistoryofChineseOpera 4 Zaju poeticdramasettomusic usuallyconsistingoffouractscalledZhe withonecharacterhavingthesingingroleineachZhe intheSongDynastyandYuanben orZaju intheJinDynasty werecomparativelycompleteformsoftraditionalChineseopera 5 ThebirthofZajuintheYuanDynastymarkedthematurityoftraditionalChineseopera IntheMingDynasty thereappearedZajuandChuanqi poeticorversedramas 6 DuringthereignofEmperorJiajingoftheMingDynasty KunOpera otherwiseknownasKungshanqiangorKunqu bothqiangandqumeaningopera cameintobeing AsoneofChina srepresentativeclassicaloperas itnurturedandnourishedmanyoperas hencethemotherofoperas TheHistoryofChineseOpera 7 IntheQingDynasty Chuanqicontinuedtobepopular Localoperasflourished includingKunqiang Gaoqiang Xuansuoqiang Bangziqiang andPihuangqiang 8 DuringthereignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty operasweredividedintoHuabuandYabu Theformer alsocalledLuantuan referstolocaloperaswhilethelattertoKunOperaonly whichwasgraduallyonthewanebecauseitwasonlyenjoyedbythenoblesintheroyalcourt notthegeneralpublic AnditwasatthishistoricmomentthatBeijingOpera alsoknownasPekingOpera emerged BeijingOpera atreasureoftheChinesenation aculturalsymbol 1 ThefeaturesofBeijingOpera arefinedclassicalart Richincontent perfectinformanduniqueinstyle thesingingismelodiousandsensational therecitationvividlybrief andharmoniouslyrhythmic Themusicisgracefulandcharming thestageartisbrightandcolorful thefacialmake upisadistinctivefeature Fourmajorroles sheng male dan female jing paintedface chou clown ItisveryChineseandnationalincolor BeijingOpera 2 Differenttypes 1 Accordingtothetimeofthestory fourcategories traditionaloperas costumeoperas neworcontemporaryoperasandmodernoperas 2 Accordingtotheperformancestyle civil pieces martial pieces 3 Accordingtothedurationoftime benxi zhezixi 4 Accordingtothenumberofcharactersinaplay duixi qunxi 5 Accordingtothetypeofrole laoshengshow xiaoshengect Xiaosheng handsomeyoungman Wusheng youngwarriors Laosheng virtuousoldmenwithbeards Typesoffacialmake up sheng Typesoffacialmake up dan TsingYi sedateladieswithdignities Huadan eithervivaciousyounggirlsorviragoes Laodan oldfemale Daomadan warriorwomen wudan militaryornon militarywomencapableofmartialarts Typesoffacialmake up Jing hualian paintedface Zhengjing malecharacterwithprominentfeatureincharacter qualityandappearance ViceZhengjing outgoingmalecharacter 红色 代表忠贞 英勇的人物性格 如 黄飞虎 关羽 蓝色 代表刚强 骁勇 有心计的人物性格 如 窦尔敦 黑色 代表正直 无私 刚直不阿的人物形象 如 包公 张飞 李逵 白色 代表阴险 疑诈 飞扬 肃煞的人物形象 如 曹操 严嵩 绿色 代表顽强 暴躁的人物形象 如 武天虬 黄色 代表枭勇 凶猛的人物 如 宇文成都 紫色 代表刚正 稳练 沉着的人物 金色 银色 代表各种神怪形象 Typesoffacialmake up chou clown WuChou militarycomedianinChineseoperas WenChou akindofcomedianinChineseoperas Localoperas Pingju Pingopera Yueju Yueopera Yuju Yuopera HuangmeioperaHebeiBangzi HebeiWoodenClapperopera L ju Shangdongopera Chuanju Sichuanopera Assignm