广东省汕头市金山中学2018届高三上学期开学摸底考试英语试卷及答案.doc

金山中学2017-2018年度高三第一学期摸底试题英语 命题人：许志军 张晓瑜 本试卷共三部分，满分135分（1201.125）。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必分别将答题卷上的姓名、考试号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写，用2B铅笔将考试号对应的信息点涂黑。2选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。第一部分: 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AIf you like tasting food from different countries, here are some events you shouldnt miss in New York City this year.Chinatown Restaurant Week-March 14-30Various meals will be offered for $18.88 per person at participating Chinatown restaurants such as Golden Unicorn, Nom Wah Tea Parlor, HK Wonton Garden, Pho Grand, Red Egg and Shanghai Gourmet. Peking Duck House will offer a special at lunch only.More Info: Martini Week-March 15-30Martini Week is a two-week-long celebration of Americas proudest invention. It will be held at 23 bars and restaurants across the town. Theyll be offering their own unique specialities at low prices. Choose from places including Ava Lounge, Beaumarchais, Catch, Abe & Arthurs. Sons of Essex, Bounce Sporting Club, Aspen Social, Revel, Rayuela, and more.More Info: Malaysian Restaurant Week-June 18-24Malaysian restaurants will offer various $20.12 meals, while Asian-influenced restaurants will feature a special limited-time-only menu inspired by the countrys special flavors. Participating restaurants include Fatty Crab, Michelin-starred Laut, Penang and Spice Market.More Info: Italian Restaurant Week -June 26-July 6 Celebrate New York Citys fifth Italian Restaurant Week-the Italian Dine Out. The 11-day event will offer special discounted lunch and dinner prices of $23 at New York Citys most authentic Italian restaurants. Sponsored(赞助) by the Italian Trade Commission, the Italian Dine Out offers diners special 3-course menus for lunch and dinner. More Info: Belgian Restaurant Week-July 21-28This is your chance to enjoy tasty multi-course meals and some of the worlds finest beers. The Belgian restaurants in NY bring you amazing cuisines and great beers during a week-long celebration of Belgian food.More Info: Im sure youll have a great time during the events. Remember: dont eat too much for the sake of you health. 21. To enjoy an $18.88 supper during Chinatown Restaurant Week, you probably should avoid going to _. A. HK Wonton Garden B. Nom Wah Tea Parlor C. Golden Unicorn D. Peking Duck House22. If you love eating at Michelin-starred Laut, youd most probably expect _. A. Martini Week B. Italian Restaurant Week C. Malaysian Restaurant Week D. Chinatown Restaurant Week23. Which of the following is a feature of the Belgian Restaurant Week? A. Bringing you free Chinese food. B. Providing authentic Italian food. C. Having a special limited-time-only menu.D. Offering some of the worlds finest beers.B. Twelve years ago, Danny called me from a dark, damp subway station. “A baby!” he shouted. “Get down here, and flag down a police car or something.” By nature, Danny is a remarkably calm person, so when I felt his heart pounding through the phone line, I ran.When I got to the subway station, Danny was holding a light-brown-skinned baby, about a day old. The baby had been wrapped in an oversize black sweatshirt and left on the ground in a corner behind the gate. What neither of us knew, or could have predicted, was that Danny had not just saved an abandoned infant; he had found our son.Three months later, Danny appeared in family court to give an account of finding the baby. Suddenly, the judge asked, “Would you be interested in adopting this baby?” The question surprised everyone in the courtroom, except Danny, who answered, simply, “Yes.”“But I know its not that easy,” he said.“Well, it can be,” assured the judge before barking out orders to allow me to be a parent-to-be.My first reaction, when I heard, went something like, “Are you crazy? How could you say yes without consulting me?” In three years as a couple, we had never discussed adopting a child. I was an ambitious playwright working as a part-time word processor. Danny was a respected yet wildly underpaid social worker. We had a roommate, who slept in our living room, to help pay the rent.We knew how many challenges couples usually faced when they wanted to adopt. And while Danny had patience and selflessness, I didnt know how to change a diaper (尿布), let alone nurse a child. I didnt trust the system and was sure there would be obstacles. Also, I couldnt handle parenthood. So I promised myself I wouldnt get attached.The caretaker held him and then placed him in my arms. But when the baby stared up at me, with all the innocence and hope he represented, I, like Danny, was completely hooked. 24. Why did the author rush to the subway station? A. Because Danny finally found their lost son. B. Because she sensed Danny met something urgent.C. Because Danny had a heart attack.D. Because someone gave birth to a baby there.25. How did the author react on hearing Dannys answer to the judges question? A. Surprised by the question. B. Crazy to be a parent-to-be. C. Annoyed at Dannys decision.D. Angry at challenging her authority.26. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _. A. the author will adopt the babyB. the couple were tempted to take the baby C. the baby will bring hope to the familyD. the couple love each other very much27. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A. To introduce a story of a poor family.B. To inform people of the difficulty of adopting a baby.C. To call on people to donate money to them. D. To show humans kindness and love by nature. COne evening in February 2015, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. Thats when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.Ceelys near miss made the news because she blamed it on the GPS (导航仪). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing. “I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train,” she told the BBC.Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceelys story in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And its not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.The problem with his argument in the book is that its not clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes. A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevenson doesnt say. Its a problem that runs through the book.The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long.28.What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident？A. She was not familiar with the road.B. It was dark and raining heavily then.C. The railway workers failed to give the signal.D. Her GPS device didnt tell her about the crossing.29. The phrase “near miss” (Paragraph 2) can best be replaced by_.A. close hitB. heavy lossC. narrow escapeD. big mistake30. Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with?A. Modern technology is what we cant live without.B. Digital technology often falls short of our expectation.C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.D. GPS error is not the only cause for Ceelys accident.31. What is the real concern of the writer of this article?A. The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.B. The relationship between human and technology.C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use.D. The human unawareness of technical problems.DCycling or even walking in city areas can be a little dangerous, thanks to the fact that one is sharing the road with vehicles that are increasingly getting larger and heavier. A recent study proves that of the 1.27 million people that die in road traffic crashes every year, about half are walkers, motorcyclists and cyclists. Now there may be a solution that could provide at least some help to protect this helpless group-an airbag!If you are worried that this safety measure will involve you taking around a heavy package or worse still, wrapping yourself inside an ugly plastic bag, the bag is fitted not on the human, but on the outside of the vehicle. And, while there are several versions of the idea in the works, the one most recently unveiled by Dutch car company TNO, seems to be the most advanced and ready to go into production. In the works since 2011, the airbag covers only the lower part of the windshield. This will provide the much needed buffer between the persons head and the pane of glass he/she would otherwise meet. The chain of events leading to an airbag cause are quite simple-A camera fitted beneath the rear-view mirror monitors the vehicles closeness to a walker or cyclist. Any contact with either one of them sets off the sensors in the cars bumper and quickly blows up the airbag. In addition to that the sensors also set off the cars automatic brake, reducing the chances of an even worse injury. In tests conducted using a model, the success of not getting injured after being hit by a car travelling at about 40km/h was about 50-50! While not perfect, it will still result in reducing the number of deaths by a huge amount. With TNO ready to license its technology to car makers and many more companies trying to develop similar concepts. We would not be surprised if outer airbags become a standard feature in every car pretty soon! 32. Why does the airbag cover the lower part of the windshield? A. To protect the windshield from being destroyed. B. To make the vehicle look beautiful. C. To reduce the weight of walkers. D. To prevent peoples head crashing on the glass. 33. The fourth paragraph is mainly about . A. how the airbag worksB. where the airbag is fixedC. why the airbag is safeD. what the airbag is made up of34. The writer thinks the airbag of TNO . A. perfect B. practical C. expensive D. useless35. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Airbags are a new standard feature in cars. B. Airbags are much safer for drivers now. C. Airbags are practical for walkers and cyclists. D. Airbags are a solution to higher car accident rates.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whether you want to improve your writing skills as a creative writer or simply perfect your skills for schoolwork, you can take some steps to learn how to be a better writer.1. Use active instead of passive voice. In English, the most basic sentence structure is S-V-O: Subject-Verb-Object. The passive voice usually requires more words and use of a “to be” verb form, which can suck the energy out of your writing. Learn to avoid these constructions as much as you can. 36 It conventionally uses the passive voice to put the emphasis on the results, rather than the researchers. 2. 37 Finding the right verb or adjective can turn an uninspired sentence into one people will remember and quote for years to come. Look for words that are as specific as possible. Strong doesnt mean obscure, or more complicated. Dont say utilize when you could say use. 38 3. Cut the chaff. 39 You dont get points for saying in 50 words what could be said in 20, or for using multi-syllable words when a short one does just as well. It might feel good at first to pack a lot of ideas and details into a single sentence, but chances are that sentence is just going to be hard to read. If a phrase doesnt add anything valuable, just cut it. 40 If you notice that your writing is filled with -ly words, it might be time to take a deep breath and give your writing more focus.A. Use strong words.B. Show, dont tell. C. Good writing is simple, clear and direct.D. The main exception to this is science writing.E. Cutting the chaff is best done at the editing stage.F. He sprinted is not necessarily better than he ran.G. Dont write screamed fearfully - scream already suggests fear.第二部分: 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Having relocated often, Ive developed a love of de-cluttering（整理）. Actually, there have been times when Ive questioned whether its an/a 41 . But Ive concluded that it isnt. 42 , the habit is just wonderful blessing. Standing 43 my wardrobe (衣橱) at least once every couple of months, I consider what can go. Even doing so 44 , theres always something that I no longer love. Perhaps its an article of 45 that doesnt express how I see myself any more or is not the most 46 . Maybe its something that has 47 through the last few selections and has finally lost its fight to 48 in the wardrobe.Either way, some clothes 49 at the charity shop. Occasionally such a 50 may see something new-to-me come home from the store. At least I know, though, that the new item adds a different energy to my wardrobe. So its 51 . If however, I havent worn the new item within a few weeks, then its 52 that I am not as in love with it as I thought. Its then donated back to the 53 on the next trip.De-cluttering does not belong only to wardrobes, though. I also delete old computer files and emails, 54 the recycle bin on my computer daily. That way, 55 I look at my computer, it is like my wardrobe only that which serves a purpose remains.The best form of de-cluttering we can really do is to rid ourselves of outdated 56 . Like with all forms of de-cluttering, saying 57 to thinking patterns that no longer serve us creates 58 to breathe. It also makes room for new ways of thinking. Yes, de-cluttering can 59 all areas of our lives.I wish you the courage to abandon the parts of your life that no longer 60 you and make space for fresh energy to flow.41. A. advantage B. addictionC. excuseD. habit42. A. InsteadB. BesidesC. OtherwiseD. Meanwhile43. A. nearB. inC. behindD. before44. A. eventuallyB. graduallyC. regularlyD. willingly45. A. clothingB. furnitureC. luggageD. beddings46. A. expensiveB. usefulC. comfortableD. colorful47. A. passed onB. hung onC. showed offD. turned up48. A. involveB. joinC. liveD. stay49. A. gave upB. ended upC. went upD. sold out50. A. tripB. changeC. choiceD. situation51. A. possibleB. hopefulC. welcomeD. unbelievable52. A. vitalB. strangeC. necessaryD. clear53. A. schoolB. wardrobeC. storeD. church54. A. fillB. emptyC. searchD. exchange55. A. whenB. unlessC. thoughD. until56. A. papersB. thoughtsC. clothesD. customs57. A. truthB. yesC. goodbyeD. hello58. A. valueB. timeC. chanceD. space59. A. apply toB. benefit fromC. react toD. break down60. A. delightB. includeC. loveD. serve 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Oncea group of 50 people was attending a seminar. Halfway 61 his talk, the speaker stopped and decided62(create)a group activity. He went around the hall and gaveeach person a balloon. Each one was asked to write his or her name on the balloon63(use)a marker pen. Then all the balloons64(collect) and put in another room. Thespeaker then led the group to the room full of balloons and asked them to find the balloon that had their name65(write) on, within five minutes.Everyone was66 (hurry) searching for their name, bumping into each other, pushing each other around. It was chaos. At the end of the five minutes no one could findtheir own balloon. Noweach person was asked to randomly collect67balloon and give it to the person whose name was on it. Within two minutes everyonehad their own balloon. When everyone