Unit14Learning（2）复习学案（北师大版必修5）

M5 unit 15 Learning（2）11. approve vt. 批准,核准；赞成,称许,同意； vi. 赞成,称许 approve of sth. We dont approve of solving the problem by way of fighting. 我们不赞成用打架的方式来解决问题。 注意其名词形式：approval委员会批准了这个报告。 _我无法赞同这种行为。 _The committee approved the report. I couldnt approve such conduct. 12. urge vt. 推进,驱策；极力主张,强烈要求(此义 引导的宾语从句用虚拟should do)；催促,力劝 He was urged by his conscience. 他受他的良心所驱策。 He urged us to give a helping hand to the beggar. 他敦促我们帮帮那个乞丐。他们要求图书馆假期也开放。_They urged that the library (should) be kept open during the vacation.13. be accustomed to / adapt to / adjust to be accustomed to=be used to 习惯于 He was accustomed to command, not to obey. 他习惯发号施令,而不是服从。 adapt to 适应adapt oneself to 使自己适应The new students are very slow to adapt to the rules.新生对于那些规定适应得很慢。adjust to 适应adjust oneself to (调节自己)以适应I was not able to adjust myself to the working environment there. 我适应不了那里的工作环境。你要适应那里的新环境。 _ _我这个年龄还可以适应国外的生活吗？ _You have to adapt yourself to the new environment there.Could I adjust to life abroad at this age?1. I felt as if I had done something wrong. (句型：as if / though 后面的从句常用过去时 或过去完成时表示虚拟) It looks as if its going to rain. 看样子好像要下雨。 He speaks English perfectly as if he had lived in England for many years. 他英语讲得很好，好像他在英国生活了很多 年似的。as if与as though 意义与用法完全相同，可换用。as if 与as though 后面的从句既可以用虚拟语 气也可以用陈述语气。要根据具体的上下文 确定使用何种语气。对比： The baby looks as if he is ill. 这孩子好像病了。(真的病了) The clown looks as if he were ill. 那个小丑好像害病似的。(虚拟语气)1.他装作若无其事的样子。 _ _2.看起来他们好像实验成功了。 _ _He behaved as if / though nothing had happened.It looks as if they have succeeded in the experiment.3.那个长头发的男孩子看起来像个姑娘。 _ _The boy with long hair looks as if he were a girl.2. Its obvious / surprising that从句：主语从句 Its obvious that it will rain tomorrow. 很显然明天会下雨。 有些形容词引导的主语从句需用虚拟should do,这些形容词一般带有命令、要求、建议等 意思。 It is important that you finish the project by Friday. 你周五前必须完成计划。It is necessary that you feed the dog regularly. 你必须按时喂狗。 引导虚拟从句的还有一些由表命令、要求和 建议的动词-ed形式。 It was requested / ordered that he hand in the homework on time. 老师要求(命令)按时交作业。3. I wish Id done more work 我希望当时我做了更多的活 wish引导的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,因为愿 望跟事实一般不符。本句是对过去事实的虚 拟,用had done;对现在和将来的虚拟用did。 同样引导虚拟的还有if only, 例： If only I had not been lazy. 要是我那时不懒就好了。另外,as if引导的方式状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句如果与事实相反的话,需用虚拟。He told me off as if he were my father. 他教训我的口吻似乎他就是我的父亲一样。If you had not done anything wrong, we would notcharge you with anything. 如果你没有做错事的话,我们是不会控告你任何罪名的。日常活动(基础写作) 日常活动(Daily Routines) 在人的一生这个历史长河里，每一天的日常活动犹如长河里的小浪花，这个小浪花虽然很小，会在瞬间就消失得无影无踪。通过阅读记下它的历程，想象出它的丰富多彩。人们的日常生活各不相同，随着不同的职业在做着不同的工作，对于学生来讲，主要是学习文化课，完成各科作业等。当然学生除了学习以外，还有其他业余生活爱好，如阅读、写作、欣赏音乐、观看电视、郊外旅游，在家里帮助父母做一些洗衣做饭、打扫卫生之类的家务活等。把这一切汇入脑海，留给自己，或介绍给他人，都是非常有意义的。 本话题常以通知、日记、书信的形式来叙事，时间、地点是本话题文章的必备要素，常常还涉及个人感受或反思。实用表达：organize an activity 组织活动have dances on weekends 参加周末舞会have a picnic over the weekend 周末去野餐go to the cinema 去看电影have a party 聚会，开晚会hold a sports meeting 举行运动会spend ones time in many different ways以多种不同的方式消磨时间enjoy doing things by oneself 喜欢独自做某事go for an outing 去远足have an outing at (the seashore) 去(海边)度假see the sights of Beijing 在北京观光play the piano (violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)play chess (basketball) 下棋(打篮球)do some reading 阅读help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事enjoy a family trip 享受一次家庭旅游get everything ready for 为做好一切准备ride ones bike with sb. to the park与某人骑车去公园There are a lot of activities at the beach.海滨有很多活动。We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.我们享受一种都市繁忙生活之外的变化。It was a very relaxing Sunday.这是一个很轻松的星期日。下午数学考试，你成绩不好，心情郁闷。晚上几个好朋友邀你去歌厅(KTV)唱歌，你们一晚上唱得很尽兴。你用日记的形式记录下你今天的活动及感受。日记需包括以下几个要点：1. 下午的数学考试你的成绩不佳， 心情一直不好。2. 晚上好朋友邀请你去KTV唱歌，这是你第一次去KTV。3. 大家唱得很高兴，而你一直当听众，你觉得你的歌唱得不好，不敢唱。4. 在大家的鼓励下，你终于拿起麦克风(microphone)唱了一首英文歌曲“I believe I can fly”。5. 现在你的心情舒畅了；更重要的是，你找回了自信(selfconfidence)。注意：1. 只能用5个句子表达全部内容。2. 日记必须包括所有要点，但可以用不同的句式表达。3. 日记的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总句数。FridayMay 20, 2012SunnyThis evening I went to the KTV with some of my good friends._I believe that the worst enemy in ones life is oneself. I shouldnt lose heart just because of one or two failures because I still have chances to try.第一步：审题，确定写作内容，这是一篇以日记形式叙述我参加的一次活动，所以行文应用第一人称。第二步：确定时态，全篇叙述过去的事情，应该用过去时；若谈感受则用现在时。第三步：翻译要点：1. I had been in a bad mood the whole afternoon.2. I didnt do well in the math exam.3. I went to the KTV with some of my good friends.4. At the KTV, everybody sang his favorite songs very happily except me.5. I dare not have a try.6. I was afraid that I couldnt sing well.7. My friends encouraged me to sing.8. I picked up the microphone and sang an English song entitled “I believe I can fly”9. I became cheerful and above all I regained selfconfidence. 第四步：理清逻辑关系，合并句子。第1、2、3句有因果关系可以合并为一句。第7、8句之间有相同主语，且有一定因果关系，可以用非谓语动词衔接。第五步：连词成篇。运用适当的衔接词语使文章连贯，使文章的结构紧凑。One possible version：FridayMay 20, 2012 Sunny This evening I went to the KTV with some of my good friends. I had been in a bad mood the whole afternoon because I didnt do well in the math exam and in the evening I went to the KTV with some of my good friends. At the KTV, everybody sang his favorite songs very happily except me I as only one of the audience. I dare not have a try because I was afraid that I couldnt sing well. Encouraged by my friends, I picked up the microphone and sang an English song entitled “I believe I can fly”I have become cheerful now and above all Ive regained selfconfidence. I believe that the worst enemy in ones life is oneself. I shouldnt lose heart just because of one or two failures because I still have chances to try.请根据下面内容要点，写一篇日记。 【写作内容】 10月11日星期天，天气晴朗，上午10点，你在一家商店买东西，这时来了一位美国妇女。她要给丈夫买一件衬衫。由于售货员不懂英语，他们都很着急。你