初中反身代词专项讲解.doc

反身代词专项讲解反身代词，又称为自身代词，表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。还可以在句中起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。注意：oneself与himself 当one指人时，其相应的反身代词通常用oneself, 在美国英语中也可用himself 如：One should not praise oneself himself. 一个人不应该自吹自擂。【用法展现】1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如：Maria bought herself a scarf.玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。 We must look after ourselves very well.我们必须好好照顾自己。2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如：Im not quite myself today. 我今天情绪不好。 He doesnt seem himself this morning.今天上午他似乎不舒服。 【说明】有时用于 be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语表示身体或精神处于正常状态： Im not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。 Ill be myself again in no time. 我过一会儿就会好的。3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。 如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow.明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。 I met the writer himself last week.我上周见到了那位作家本人。4.用在某些固定短语当中（见最后）【温馨提醒】1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。 （误）Myself can finish my homework. (正)I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。 表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用ones own. 如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）Im drawing with myself crayons. (正)Im drawing with my own crayons.反身代词典型用法例举英语中出现的反身代词用法归纳如下：1用以加强语气，表示亲自。If one wants knowledge of a skill, one must take part in it oneself.He went there himself the day before yesterday.2. 与典型介词搭配，构成固定短语，表达特定含义。1) (all) by oneself 单独地 When I was young, I had to make a living all by myself. Would you go there by yourself?2) to oneself 独自享用 When he eats in a restaurant, he likes a table to himself.3) for oneself 为自己；独自 One shouldnt live for himself alone. You must find it out for yourself.4) of oneself自动地 The door opened of itself.5) between ourselves私下里 Just between ourselves, I dont think much of him.6) in oneself本身 The materials in themselves were not poisonous.7) beside oneself喜怒时发狂 She was beside herself with joy.8) by itself自然地 The machine will start by itself in a few seconds.3. 与典型动词搭配，构成固定短语。1) be not oneself身体不好 2) enjoy oneself玩得很痛快3) help oneself to sth. 随便吃 Please help yourself to some fish.4) teach oneself sth.自学 / learn sth. by oneself自学 When he was young, he taught himself advanced mathematics.5) accustom oneself to 习惯于 He quickly accustomed himself to this new way of life.6) devote oneself to致力于 I am determined to devote myself to the cause of education.7) adapt oneself to适应 She quickly adapted herself to the new climate.8) adjust oneself to调整；适应 The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in temperature.9) behave oneself举止得体 Please behave yourselves.10) dress oneself穿衣服 He is too young to dress himself.11) seat oneself就坐 He seated himself in the chair and began to read the novel.12) make oneself heard / understood / seen / known / believed 让自己被（别人）听见/听懂/看见/认识/相信 He raised his voice to make himself heard by all.13) find oneself无意识中发现自己 At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade.14) express oneself清楚表达自己的意思 He is still unable to express himself in English.15) talk to oneself自言自语16) come to oneself 苏醒17) look after oneself / take car