定语从句专项讲解加练习(王).ppt

定语 用于修饰名词或代词 Heisacleverboy 他是一个聪明的男孩 Heisaphysicsteacher 他是一个物理老师 AustraliaisanEnglish speakingcountry 澳大利亚是一个讲英语的国家 定语可以由形容词 代词 数词 名词 分词 不定式 介词短语等来充当 修饰名词 ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate Themandrivingtoofastwasadrunk 1 ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate 2 Themandrivingtoofastwasadrunk ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasadrunk 定语从句 定语从句 定语从句的位置定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear 定语从句 定语从句 修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句 定语从句 先行词 引导词 引导定语从句的词关系代词who whom whose which that as关系副词when where why 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词 e g Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear 先行词 定语从句 引导词的作用 1 引导定语从句 2 在从句中作一成分 3 代替先行词在从句中的位置 关系代词 apple theredthegreenthesmallthebig Theapplewhichisredismine Theapplewhichisgreenisyours Theapplewhichisredissmall Theapplewhichisgreenisbig 指人 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指物 既指人也指物 whothat whomwhothat whose thatwhich thatwhich whose that that whose 作表语 that that that 关系代词的指代关系 whose指物时 可以与ofwhich调换 关系代词作宾语可省略 引导定语从句关系代词的用法 1 Aplaneisamachinethat whichcanfly 2 Thenoodlesthat whichIcookedweredelicious 3 Let saskthemanthat whoisreadingthebookoverthere 4 Thegirlwhom who thatwesawyesterdayisJim ssister 主语 宾语 主语 宾语 指人whom who that都可作宾语 whom为最好选择 5 That sthemanwhosehousewasburneddown 定语 3 Thehouse theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake Fillintheblankswithwho whom that whichorwhose 1 Theearthquake hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory 2 Wedon tknowthenumberofpeople losttheirhomesin1906earthquake that which that who which that 6 Harryistheboy motherisourmathsteacher 4 Ahouse isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninaearthquake 5 Luckilynoneofthepeople Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake which that who whom that whose 1 I vereadallthebookswhichIborrowedfromthelibrary which that或去掉which 当先行词被all every no some any little等修饰时 常用that引导定语从句 correction all 2 ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen which that或去掉which 当先行词被序数词 形容词的最高级或theonly thevery等所修饰时 常用that引导定语从句 best 3 MyfatherandMr Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry 如果先行词既指人又指物时 常用that引导定语从句 that thingsandpersons 4 Everythingwhichwesawwasofgreatinterest 当先行词为something anything everything nothing all等时 常由that引导定语从句 which that或去掉which Everything 不用that的场合如下 1 非限制性定语从句中Lastnight Isawaverygoodfilm whichwasabouttheLongMarch 2 介词放在关系代词之前时ThisisthemanfromwhomIlearntthenews3 句中出现了that 或先行词是that时IhavefoundthatwhichIwaslookingfor 1 Theman Isawtoldmetowait 2 Themanto Ispokewasaforeigner 3 Iknowaboy fatherisanacrobat 杂技演员 4 Hesawahouse windowswereallbroken Fillintheblankswithwho whom whose whichandthat who whom whose whose 介词 关系代词引导的定语从句先行词 物 介词 which人 介词 whom物 人 介词 whose n Theroominwhichthereisamachineisworkshop ThemanwithwhomItalkedjustnowismymathsteacher Thisisthebossinwhosefactorymyfatherworks 注意 1 介词 关系代词引导的定语从句 关键是判断介词的选择 看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词 习惯搭配 先行词放在从句中需不需要添介词 通过整个句子整体含义来判断2 whom which作介词宾语时 介词一般可放在which之前 也可放在从句原来的位置上 在含有介词的动词固定词组中 介词只能放在原来的位置上 1 Thewoman mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher whoB towhomC towhoDwhom2 Hisglasses hewaslikeablindman felltothegroundandbroke A whichB withwhichC withoutwhichD that 3 TheSecondWorldWar millionsofpeoplewerekilledwasin1945A duringwhichB inthatC whereD onwhich 关系副词when where why的用法 关系副词都等于一个适当的介词 which 在从句中作状语 When in at on which Where in at on which Why for which 作状语 关系副词when时间where地点why原因 1 Thisisthefactory heworks 2 Idon tknowthereason hewaslate 3 Istillremembertheday Imethim where why when inwhich forwhich onwhich 关系代词和关系副词如何区别 1 取决于从句中的谓语动词 不及物动词后面无宾语 就必须用关系副词或介词 关系代词 而及物动词后接宾语 则要求用关系代词 2 要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定 或者说 假如把先行词放到从句中是作主语 宾语还是状语而定 1 ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear 2 I llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou 3 I llneverforgetthedays which Ispentinthecountryside 1 I llneverforgetthedays wespenttogetherinParis 2 I llrememberthedays westayedtogether 3 Thisisthefactory wevisitedlastyear 4 Thisisthehouse Lincolnoncelived that which when that which where vt vi vt vi duringwhich inwhich Thisisthehouse Ilivedinittwoyearsago Thisisthehouse Ilivedintwoyearsago Thisisthehouse Ilivedtwoyearsago Thisisthehouse Ilivedtwoyearsago that which inwhich where as与which引导的定语从句 小结 as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句 可以在从句中做主语 宾语或表语 代替主句或先行词 1 Hemarriedher wasnatural 2 wecansee heishonest 3 Thedog isblack isrunningtowardthestrangeman which As which as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首 句中或句末 as一般译成 正如 一样 像 4 isknowntoall Chinaisadevelopingcountry 5 Shehasbeenlateagain isexpected 6 HehasbeentoParisfortentimes Idon tbelieve which引导的定语从句不能放句首 AS as which as的这种用法通常出现在一些固定短语之中如 1 asanybodycansee asweallcansee正如人人都能看到的那样2 asiswellknown asisknowntoall众所周知3 aswasexpected aswehadexpected正如预料的那样4 asmanypeoplethink正如许多人认为的那样6 asIremember正如我记得的那样7 asitoftenhappens aswasusual像往常一样 限制性定语从句 当先行词受such thesame修饰时 常用as 构成such as thesame as结构 1 Heisnotsuchafool helooks 2 Don treadsuchbooks youcan tunderstand 3 Sheworethesameskirt heryoungersisterwore as as as 3 isknowntoall heisthebeststudent 4 Jimpassedthedrivingtest surprisedeverybodyintheoffice As wh