（天津专版）2018年高考英语二轮复习 专题一 语法知识 第五讲 交际用语.doc

第五讲交际用语考点1常考的交际用语1alberts birthday is on next saturday，and im planning a surprise party for him._.ill bring some wine.(2017天津，1)asounds like fun bit dependscjust a minute dyou are welcome答案a解析句意为：艾伯特下周六过生日，我正筹划一个聚会，要给他一个惊喜。听起来很有趣(sounds like fun)。我会带一些葡萄酒来。it depends那得看情况；just a minute请稍等；you are welcome不客气。2michael was late for mr smiths chemistry class this morning._？as far as i know，he never came late to class.(2017天津，7)aso what bwhy notcwho cares dhow come答案d解析句意为：今天早上迈克尔在史密斯先生的化学课上迟到了。怎么会呢(how come)？据我所知，他上课从未迟到过。so what？那又怎样？why not？为什么不呢？who cares？管它呢，谁管呢。3are you sure youre ready for the test?_.im well prepared for it.(2016浙江，1)aim afraid not bno problemchard to say dnot really答案b解析句意为：你确定为考试做好准备了吗？没问题，我准备好了。im afraid not恐怕不；no problem没问题；hard to say很难说；not really不完全是，不见得。根据答语中的“im well prepared for it.”可知，选b。4im thinking of going back to school to get another degree.sounds great！_.(2016天津，6)ait all depends bgo for itcnever mind dno wonder答案b解析句意为：我正考虑回学校再攻读个学位。听起来太棒了！好好争取吧。go for it意为“好好争取”，符合语境。it all depends那得看情况；never mind不要紧；no wonder不足为奇。5jack，you seem excited._？ i won the first prize in the english speech contest.(2015天津，4)aguess what bso whatcpardon me dwho cares答案a解析句意为：杰克，你看起来很兴奋。你猜怎么着？我获得了英语演讲比赛一等奖。guess what你猜怎么着，符合语境。so what那又怎样，那又如何；pardon me对不起，没听清；who cares管它呢。6jim，can you work this sunday?_？ ive been working for two weeks on end.(2015江苏，23)awhy me bwhy notcwhat if dso what答案a解析句意为：吉姆，这个星期天你能工作吗？ 为什么是我？我已经连续工作两个星期了。why me为什么是我；why not为什么不；what if如果又能怎样；so what那又怎样。why me是“why do you ask me to work this sunday”的省略。考点归纳1it/that (all) depends.那得视情况而定。2forget it.没关系(回答道歉)；休想(表示拒绝)；别提了。3how come？怎么会？为什么？4never mind.没关系；别担心。5its up to you.由你决定。6i cant agree more.我非常赞同。7not really.不完全是；不怎么样。8so what？那又怎么样？9go ahead.用吧；使吧；说吧；去吧。10congratulations！祝贺！11id love/like to.我很乐意/愿意。12not exactly.(说反话时用)根本不，决不，一点也不；(纠正对方刚说过的话)不完全是这样，并非如此。13dont take it to heart.别往心里去；别为此而伤神。14wed better be off.我们该走了。15is that so？真是那样？16i dont know for sure.我不确切知道；我不确定。17brilliant idea！/good idea！/thats a great idea！/that sounds great！这主意真棒！这主意真高明！18i am behind you.我支持你。19you can count on it.尽管相信好了；尽管放心。20i never liked it anyway.我一直不太喜欢这东西。21thanks anyway/all the same.无论如何还是得谢谢你。22its a deal.一言为定。23come on.快点，加油，加把劲儿；得了吧。24make it.做成，达到目的，设法安排，搞定。25cheer up! 振作些！26no wonder.难怪；不足为奇。27guess what？你猜猜发生了什么事？28thats it.正是这样。29not in the least.一点也不。30far from it.一点也不。31why not？好哇，干嘛不？(同意建议)32help yourself.随便吃；自己拿。33what if? 如果将会怎样？34its a bargain.便宜货。35lets go dutch.aa制。36its my treat.我请客。37by all means.当然可以；尽一切办法；务必。38absolutely.完全可以。39its a piece of cake.小菜一碟。40better play it safe.慎重，别冒险。41its better than nothing.总比什么都没有好。42just my luck.真倒霉；真不走运。43you bet！当然！44drop me a line.写信给我。45ill keep my ears open.我会留意的。46youre the boss.听你的。47if i were in your shoes.如果我是你的话。48hold the line，please.别挂电话。49please remember me to your mum.请代我向你的妈妈问好。50yes? 我在这儿，有什么事？考点2区分两对相似的交际用语1sir，could i hand in my homework a bit late?_，since youve been unwell these days.(2015陕西，16)ayou cant be seriousbim afraid notcgood ideadwell，all right答案d解析句意为：老师，我能晚一点交作业吗？好吧，因为你这些日子总是不大舒服。you cant be serious你一定是在开玩笑吧；im afraid not我恐怕不能；good idea好主意；well，all right嗯，好吧。根据答语知老师同意学生的请求，故选d项。2thank you for the flowers._.i thought they might cheer you up.athats right ball rightcim all right dits all right答案d解析句意为：谢谢你的花。不用谢。我想它们可以使你振作起来。thats right是的，没错；all right好的；im all right我一切都好；its all right没关系(可对thank you或sorry进行回答)。考点归纳1all right.表示“好吧”，用于表示同意别人的提议；its/thats all right.表示“不用谢”或“没关系”，用于应答别人的感谢或道歉；thats right.表示“你说得对”。are you sure you wont come for a drink with us?all right then，if you insist.你确定不和我们一起去喝一杯吗？如果你坚持的话，那么好吧！2with pleasure.相当于im glad to.表示“非常乐意”，用于应答别人的求助。my pleasure不用谢，用于应答别人的感谢。can you help me get the book down?with pleasure.你能帮我把书拿下来吗？乐意效劳。thank you for your timely help.its a pleasure.谢谢你及时的帮助。别客气。3take it easy.意为“别紧张”，用来安慰对方；而take your time.意为“慢慢来”，安慰对方不要着急。take it easy when you are on the stage.在台上的时候不要紧张。take your time，for we still have one and a half hours.慢慢来，我们还有一个半小时。4good luck.意为“祝你好运”，用于当对方要参加某项活动时；而congratulations.表示“祝贺你”，是当对方做某事取得了成功时的祝贺用语。ill take the driving test tomorrow.good luck.我明天要去考驾照。祝你好运。i have passed the driving test.congratulations.我通过了驾照考试。祝贺你。5so what？表示不以为然，意为“那又怎么样？”；for what？/what for？意为“为什么？”。your room looks a real mess.so what? 你的房间里凌乱不堪。那又怎么样？she has decided to take a part-time job.for what？/what for?她已经决定去做兼职了。为什么？6dont mention it.用于回答感谢等，意为“不客气”。forget it.用于回答感谢，意为“不客气”；用于回答道歉，意为“没关系”；用于表示否定或拒绝，意为“休想，不可能”。im terribly sorry i broke your glass.you can forget it.十分对不起，我把你的水杯打碎了。没关系，别放在心上。id like to take a weeks holiday.forget it；were as busy as a bee.我想休一周的假。别想了，我们都忙得不可开交了。7not exactly.用于纠正某人说过的话，意为“并非如此；不完全是这样”；not really.表示委婉的否定，意为“事实上没有；不全是”。youre leaving，arent you?not exactly，im just going on holiday.你要离开，是吧？不全对，我只是去度假。was he sorry for what hed done?not really.他为自己的行为感到懊悔了吗？并没有。考点3接受请求或邀请的应答语1going to watch the womens volleyball match on wednesday?_！will you go with me？(2017江苏，35)ayou there byou betcyou got me dyou know better答案b解析句意为：周三看女排比赛吗？_！你跟我一起去好吗？从对话的连贯性来看，这里应选b项you bet来回答前面的问句，表示“当然啦，一点儿不错”。you there说你呢；you got me你明白我的意思了；you know better你不会不知道吧。2can you come to a party on saturday，peter? oh，_ im already going out，im afraid.(2015安徽，21)awhat a pity! bdont ask!chow come? dso what?答案a解析 句意为：星期六你能来参加聚会吗，彼得？噢，真遗憾！(到时候)恐怕我已经出去了。what a pity真遗憾；dont ask别问了；how come怎么会；so what那又怎样。根据句意可知，这里指可能参加不了聚会，因此此处表示“遗憾”，故选a。3hello jenny，can i see ms lewis?_.ill tell her youre here.(2015重庆，15)awith pleasure bnever mindcyoure welcome djust a minute答案d解析句意为：你好，珍妮，我可以找一下刘易斯女士吗？稍等，我告诉她你来了。with pleasure乐意效劳；never mind没关系；youre welcome不客气；just a minute稍等。考点归纳1接受请求或邀请的应答用语有：with pleasure；id be happy/glad to；id love to；no problem；good idea；that would be nice；by all means等。2拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：sorry，but.id rather you.；thank you，but.；id love to，but.；its very nice of you，but.等。方法1熟记常考情景高考英语常考如下8种情景：询问信息、个人看法、电话、就餐、请求、问候、谈论天气、购物。熟练掌握上述情景的交际方式和常用表达，解决问题就能有的放矢。比如对于道谢及其答语有：thank you very much./thanks a lot./its kind of you to help me./thats (its) all right./youre welcome./dont mention it./its a pleasure./its my pleasure.等；对于道歉及其答语：excuse me./im sorry./pardon me./thats all right./not at all./dont worry about it./never mind.等。典例1i got that job i wanted at the public library._！ thats good news.(2014陕西，11)ago ahead bcheersccongratulations dcome on答案c解析go ahead请吧；cheers干杯；congratulations祝贺你；come on来吧，加油。根据答语后一句可知此处表示祝贺，故选c项。典例2could i use this dictionary?_.its a spare one.(2014江西，21)agood idea bjust go aheadcyoure welcome dyoud better not 答案b解析句意为：我可以用这本字典吗？拿去用吧！这是多余的一本。good idea好主意；just go ahead去做吧，用吧(表示同意对方提出的做法)；youre welcome不用谢；youd better not你最好不要这样做。故b项符合句意。方法2分析题目语言环境，确保用语和谐一致交际用语的考查主要设置在真实的语境中，做题时要考虑全面，要注意语境的和谐一致。特别要注意上下句的关系，不能只看到题目的一部分就得出结论。特别是对话，要看答语和问句是否一致。典例1only those who have a lot in common can get along well._.opposites sometimes do attract.(2016江苏，32)ai hope not bi think soci appreciate that di beg to differ答案d解析句意为：只有那些志趣相投的人才能够友好相处。恕我不敢苟同，有时兴趣相反的人却能相互吸引。根据答语第二句“opposites sometimes do attract.”可知，答话者并不同意对方的说法。i beg to differ恕我不能赞同，符合语境。i hope not我希望不是这样；i think so我认为是这样；i appreciate that我很欣赏，都与语境不符。典例2the movie starts at 8：30，and we can have a quick bite before we go._.see you at 8：10.(2016浙江，20)aso long bsounds greatcgood luck dhave a good time答案b解析句意为：电影将在八点半开始，我们走之前可以随便吃点什么。听起来不错。八点十分见。sounds great听起来不错，用来表示同意对方的建议，符合语境。so long再见；good luck祝你好运；have a good time玩得愉快。典例3it was a wonderful trip.so，which city did you like better，paris or rome?_.there were good things and bad things about them.(2016天津，1)aits hard to saybi didnt get itcyou must be kiddingdcouldnt be better答案a解析句意为：这是一次美好的旅行。那么，你更喜欢哪座城市，巴黎还是罗马？很难说。它们各有优缺点。its hard to say意为“很难说”，符合语境。i didnt get it.我不明白；you must be kidding.你一定是在开玩笑；couldnt be better.再好不过了。方法3注意东西方文化差异，不要受汉语思维影响东西方文化不同，教育不同，思维方式也不一样，表现在交际中也大相径庭。所以要从西方文化角度去思考问题，不要受汉语思维的影响。典例jack，id like to have your opinions about my written report._.but i have one suggestion.(2014重庆，15)athats a good ideabyou are too modestcit looks fine to medyou should check it first答案c解析语境为：对方请jack就一份书面报告说说自己的看法。a项用于对方提出建议时的回答；b项为中式表达；d项不够礼貌，且与语境不符。由答语后一句“但我有一个建议”可知，c项符合题意。强化练(五)1it shouldnt take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.thats right._.(2017河北区二模，5)amany hands make light workbsomething is better than nothingcthe more，the betterdthe sooner begun，the sooner done答案a解析句意为：如果我们都自愿帮忙的话，聚会结束后不需要多长时间就可以收拾干净。对。人多力量大。many hands make light work众人拾柴火焰高，人多力量大；something is better than nothing有总比没有好；the more，the better越多越好；the sooner begun，the sooner done越早开始，越早完成。2smoking should be banned in public places._.it is harmful to both the smokers and non-smokers.(2017天津十二所重点中学二模，5)aid love tobits my pleasurecim with you on thatdits up to you答案c解析句意为：公共场所应禁止吸烟。我同意你的观点。吸烟对吸烟的人和不吸烟的人都有害。im with you on that在这点上我同意你的观点，符合句意。id love to我喜欢；its my pleasure不客气，乐意效劳；its up to you由你负责，由你决定。3i feel so upset.im afraid ill be fired for the terrible economic crisis._！things are not so bad as they seem.(2017红桥区二模，1)ago ahead bgood luckcno problem dcheer up答案d解析句意为：我感到很沮丧。我担心我会因为这次严重的经济危机而被解雇。振作起来！事情并不像看上去那么糟糕。cheer up振作起来，符合句意。go ahead说吧，做吧，开始吧，进行吧；good luck祝您好运；no problem没问题。 4lucy，could you please spare me a few minutes?_，but i hope “a few minutes” wont turn into an hour.(2017河北区二模，1)ait doesnt matter bthats kind of youcim afraid not di guess so答案d解析句意为：露西，请你给我抽出几分钟时间好吗？我想可以，但我希望“几分钟”不会变成一个小时。从设空后的but可知，答语同意说话者的要求。故选d。i guess so我想可以，应该可以，符合语境。it doesnt matter没关系，用于回答别人的道歉；thats kind of you你真是太好了；im afraid not恐怕不行，表示委婉的拒绝。5it took me eight years to build up my business，and it almost killed me.well，you know what they say._.(2017天津十二所重点中学二模，15)athere is no smoke without firebno pain，no gaincall roads lead to romedpractice makes perfect答案b解析句意为：我花了八年的时间才建立了我的公司，它几乎要了我的命了。哦，老话怎么说来着。不劳则无获。no pain，no gain不劳则无获，符合句意。there is no smoke without fire无火不生烟，无风不起浪；all roads lead to rome条条大路通罗马，殊途同归；practice makes perfect熟能生巧。6would you mind if i open the window?_.i feel a bit cold.(2017河东区二模，4)aof course not bid rather you didntcgo ahead dnever mind答案b解析句意为：你介意我打开窗户吗？我希望你别打开窗户。我觉得有点冷。从设空处后的句子“i feel a bit cold”可知，答语不希望对方打开窗户，四个选项中，只有b项表示不同意，故b项为正确答案。7whats the matter？you really look down._well，better luck next time.(2017河西区二模，1)ame？i never look down upon you.bmind your own business.ci failed an important test.di have a bad cold.答案c解析句意为：怎么了？你真的看起来很沮丧。一次重要的考试我没通过。哦，祝下次好运。由后面的回答better luck next time“(鼓励未成功的人)祝下次好运”可知选c。8this free gift doesnt look good._，madam，but if you want good quality，you have to pay for it.(2017和平区一模，13)ano doubt bno offensecno problem dno way答案b解析句意为：这件免费的礼物看着不怎么样。无意冒犯，女士，但如果您想要质量好的东西，你必须要付钱。no offense无意冒犯，符合句意。no doubt无疑；no problem没问题；no way没门儿。9peter，you seem in high spirits._ i have been offered a part-time job in the kfc.(2017天津十二所重点中学一模，1)aso what? bno wonder.cno doubt. dguess what?答案d解析句意为：彼得，你似乎情绪高涨。你猜怎么着？我得到了一份肯德基的兼职工作。guess what？你猜怎么着？符合句意。so what？那又怎么样？no wonder难怪；no doubt毫无疑问。10the rising frequency of smoggy days is making me deeply worried that one day we will have to rely on masks to survive._！the government really should do something.(2017河西区二模，7)agood idea bi got itcyou bet dthats all right答案c解析句意为：雾霾天频率的上升使我非常担心有一天我们将不得不依赖口罩生存。的确！政府真的应该做点什么。you bet当然，真的，的确，符合句意。good idea好主意；i got it我明白了；thats all right不用谢，不客气，没关系。11excuse me，miss，but may i share your table?of course._.(2017和平区一模，1)anot at all bbe my guestcas you wish di dont mind答案b解析句意为：打扰了，小姐，我可以和你共用一张桌子吗？当然。请(自)便。be my guest请(自)便。12i feel nervous when taking an exam._ and you can do it well.(2017天津十二所重点中学二模，1)atake it easy btake your timecgood luck dits up to you答案a解析句意为：考试时我感到紧张。放松点，你就能考好了。take it easy别紧张，放松点，符合句意。take your time慢慢来；good luck祝您好运；its up to you你决定吧。b项为干扰项，take your time侧重时间，take it easy侧重情绪。13why didnt you come back last night？i waited long!_.you were playing games the whole night.(2017江苏南京二模，35)adont give me thatbdont lose your headcdont trust to chanceddont dream away your time答案a解析句意为：你昨天晚上为什么不回来呢？我等了很久！少来这套！你整晚都在玩游戏。dont give me that少来这套，符合句意。dont lose your head不要头脑发昏，别惊慌失措；dont trust to chance不要碰运气；dont dream away your time不要虚度光阴。14so you missed the football match held yesterday?_.i got there 15 minutes before the end of it.(2017天津十二所重点中学一模，11)anot likely bnot a littlecnot at all dnot exactly答案d解析句意为：这么说你错过了昨天举行的足球比赛了？也不完全是。我在比赛结束前15分钟到了那里。not exactly(用于纠正某人说过的话)并非如此，不完全是这样，符合句意。not likely绝不可能，绝对不会；not a little非常；not at all别客气，没什么。15there wont be anywhere to park.oh，_.lets try the subway.(2017南开区三模，3)athats a real bargainbthats a good pointcthats really somethingdthats all sett