选修八Unit2 cloning Period 4 Grammarppt课件 （33张） 高中英语 人教版.ppt

Unit2Grammar RevisetheAppositive 1 Tom ourmonitor isahandsomeboy 2 Imyselfwilldotheexperiment 3 Sheistheoldestamongthemsix 4 Hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded 名词 代词 数词 下面句子中红色部分在句中作什么成分 从句 同位语TheAppositive 同位语是句子成分的一种 它位于名词 代词后面 说明它们的性质和情况 它可以由名词 代词 名词性短语或从句充当 同位语TheAppositive 同位语的表现形式有以下几种 1 名词 2 代词 3 数词 4 从句 5 由suchas thatis引导Somesubjects suchasmathsandphysics areverydifficulttolearn 某些学科 例如数学和物理 是很难学的 6 由of引导ThecityofBeijinghasbeengreatlychangedsince2000 自从2000年以来 北京市发生了很大的变化 7 由or引导Thefreezingtemperature orfreezingpoint isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure 结冰温度即冰点 是水在常压下结冰时的温度 Thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback Whatkindofclausesarethey TheyareAppositiveClauses 在前一单元我们讲解了名词性从句 其中我们已经接触到了同位语从句 接下来我们就详细讲解同位语从句 1 同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句 同位语从句是名词性从句的一种 它在句中起同位语的作用 同位语从句TheAppositiveClause 它一般放在fact news idea truth hope problem information belief thought doubt promise question等名词的后面 对前面的名词作进一步的解释 说明前面名词的具体含义 引导同位语从句的词有连词that 连接副词how when where whether等 ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon 同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开 2 同位语从句的表现形式 由that引导Thefactthatyouhaven tenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable Thehopethathemaycomehereisnotgoneyet ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue Thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall Theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists 由whether引导Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed 由when引导Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo 3 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆 我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们 同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词 定语从句所修饰 限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的 WeexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitChinaagain Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere 同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系 定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语等 同位语从句 定语从句 Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue 同位语从句 news和从句没有逻辑关系 Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue 定语从句 news是told的逻辑宾语 Theorderwhenweshouldgobackhasn treachedus 同位语从句 order和从句没有逻辑关系 ThedaywhenNewChinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten 定语从句 day是founded的逻辑状语 同位语从句主要由连接词that引导 有时也可用when where who whether等引导 定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导 Thenheraisedthequestionwheretheyweretogetthemachineneeded Doyouknowtheplacewherehewasborn 引导同位语从句的连词不可省略 引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略 Thenewsthathehasbeenelectedmonitorofourclassistrue Thenews that hetoldmeisexciting 同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子 谓语动词用be的不同形式 Heheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwon Thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon 此句可以变为一个表语从句 我们可以在名词和从句之间加be 使之构成一个新句子 如果合乎逻辑 句子通顺 则是同位语从句 定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的 Thebeliefthattheearthisflatisstillheldinsomecountries Thebeliefisthattheearthisflat 同位语从句的简易判断方法 用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空 1 Ican tdecide bookIshouldbuy 2 Chinaisnolonger itusedtobe 3 Iamveryinterestedin heimprovedhisEnglishinsuchashorttime 4 weneedismoremoney 5 Thetruth theearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntous which what how What that Thereason hehastogois hismotherisillinbed A why whyB why becauseC why thatD that because2 Theyreceivedorders theworkbedonerightaway A whichB thatC D when Exercise 3 Youcantaketheseat isfree A whenB thatC whereD inwhich4 Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar awayvillage A untilB thatC whenD where 5 He sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation hewaslikelytolosecontrolovertheplane A whereB whichC whatD why6 That stheonlything hecandonowA whichB allC thatD what 练习 TwofifthsofallgirlsinAmericaareonadiet Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot ThefactthattwofifthsofallgirlsinAmericaareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot 把下面两个句子连成一个含同位语从句的复合句 2 TheQueenofEnglandwasonafour dayvisitinChina Weheardthenewslastnight WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonafour dayvisitinChina 3 Timetravelispossible Wehavenoscientificprooffortheidea Wehavenoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible 4 Teenagersshouldn tspendtoomuchtimeontheInternet ManyChineseparentsholdtheview ManyChineseparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn tspendtoomuchtimeontheInternet 5 Studentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople 1 Thenewsthat 我们队赢了 istrue 2 Ihadnoideathat 你在这里 3 Thebeliefthat 条条大路通罗马 issharedbymanypeople ourteamhaswonthe match youwerehere allroadsleadtoRome Translation 1 Wedon tthinkyoutwohavemetbefore 翻译句子 并说明这个名词性从句的作用 我们想你们两位以前没有见过面 宾语从句 2 ItiscertainthatJohnwilldowellinhisexam 约翰肯定会考好 主语从句 3 Whethertheyarecomingornotdoesn tmattertoomuch 4 Thefactthattheywontheprizemadeushappy 他们获奖的事实令我们高兴 同位语从句 他们来不来无关紧要 主语从句 5 Nowiswhenweneedhimmost 现在