高考英语 阅读理解中的深层理解技巧.ppt

高考英语阅读理解中的深层理解技巧 高考阅读理解中的深层理解技巧 readingcomprehensionskillsdeeplayercomprehension 深层理解题 1 题目 title 2 文章中心 mainidea 3 写作目的 purpose 4 作者态度 attitude 5 内容的深层推理 inference 一 题目 题目的特点 1 独特新颖 2 涵盖性强 3 短小精炼 whatisthebesttitleforthispassage thebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticleis 题目判断方法是寻找主题句或主题段落 从开头 中间或结尾概括 没有主题句的要从全文大意来概括 常用的表达句式 解题技巧 1 主题句出现在开头 模式 总分分 演绎法 即开门见山 新闻报道 说明文 议论文常用此方式 passage1 thebesttitleforthistextwouldbe a petshelpattractcustomers b yourfavoriteofficepets c petsjointheworkforce d busylifeforpets passage2 petownersarebeingencouragedtotaketheiranimalstowork amovescientistssaycanbegoodforproductivity workplacemorale andthewell beingofanimals whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext a across countrytripb aspecialborderpassc anunguardedborderd anexpensivechurchvisit montreal reuters crossingtheus canadaborder 边界 togotochurchonasundaycostauscitizen 10000forbreakingwashington sstrictnewsecurity 安全 rules c d 主题句出现在结尾 模式 分分总 归纳法 即先摆事实 后作结论 passage3 whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext alice citiescitiesofthefuture b spacetravelwithh g wellsc enjoylivingundergroundd buildingdown notup supportersofundergrounddevelopmentsaythatbuildingdownratherthanbuildingupisagoodwaytousetheearth sspace thesurface theysay canbeusedforfarms parks gardens andwilderness h g wells moonpeople wouldagree wouldyou d 导引摆事实结论 3 主题句出现在中间 模式 分总分 即通过导引部分引出主题再进行论述 passage4 whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage lungcanceristheno 1cancerkillerb smokingisabadhabitdr derekraghavanadvisespeopletostopsmokingwhydidpeterjenningsdieoflungcancer lungcanceristheworstcancerkillerinamericaaccordingtotheamericancancersociety about160 440americansdieeachyearfromlungcancer accountingfor28percentofallcancerdeaths morethan87percentoflungcancersaresmokingrelated accordingtothelungcancerorganization a 4 无主题句 题目要从整体文章中概括 要特别留意文章的事实和线索 passage5 whichofthefollowingwouldbethetitleforthetext a childhooddreamb amother slovec agraduationpartyd aspecialbirthday facts my12thbirthdaymygraduationdancefeellovedlikethegardeniamother sdeathclue love b 二 文章中心 1 直接文章中心 直接从文章的信息点提到或概括出来的中心主旨 常用的句式有 themainideaofthepassageisthepassageismainlyaboutwhat sthemainsubjectofthepassage 解题技巧 概括文章的中心方法基本上跟题目判断方法一致 特别注意 文章中的but however asaresult therefore等词 它们通常是引出中心主旨的方向词 而forexample first ortobeginwith等是引出细节的信息词 在它们之前往往提到文章的中心主旨 passage6 youmightthinkthat globalwarming meansnothingmorethanariseintheworld stemperature but risingsealevelscausedbyithaveresultedinthefirstevacuation 撤离 ofanislandnation thecitizensoftuvaluwillhavetoleavetheirhomeland thetextismainlyabout rapidchangesinearth stemperatureb badeffectsofglobalwarmingc movingofacountrytoanewplaced reasonsforlowlandflooding b 2 隐含文章中心 从文章表面的信息去推断文章隐藏的中心主旨 常用的句式 fromthetextwecanlearnthatfromthepassage wecanconcludethatfromthepassage wecaninferthatthetextimplies suggests that passage7 fromthepassage wecaninferthat babbagefailedtobeafamousscientistatcambridge babbagealwayshadnewideasbutgavethemupeasily babbagealwaysneededsupportfromthegovernmentofficials babbagewasthefirstdesignerofthemoderncomputer d 三 写作目的 1 文章目的 跟文章中心归纳一致 常用表达的句式 whatisthepurposeofthisarticle thepurposeofthispassageis 2 作者的写作目的 是作者写这篇文章的言外之意 常用的表达句式 what stheauthor spurposeofwritingthisarticle theauthorwritesthispassageinordertothepurposeofthespeakeris thepurposeofthespeakeris tosatisfythecustomers varioustastestokeeptheauthorsinthecinemabookstorec toofferthetouristschancestomeetthefilmstarsd toturnthereadersintofilmproduces a passage8 四 作者态度 倾向 作者态度 倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同 反对还是犹豫不决 对记叙文或描写的人 物或事件等是赞颂 同情 冷漠还是厌恶 憎恨等 常用的表达句式 theauthor sattitudetowardsthisarticleis passage9 whyisn tyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews allireadaboutismurder bribery 行贿 anddeath frankly iamsickofallthisbadnews thisauthor sattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto a complainb apologizec amused inform a 五 具体内容的深层推理 深层推理是指不直接说出 而是从片语信息中推导出深层的内涵 常用的表达句式 whatcanweinferfromthe second third last paragraphorone swords thesecondparagraphimplies suggests that passage10 ifpeoplesaytoyou thegreenhouseeffect 温室效应 isagoodthingbecausewewouldgointoaniceageotherwise ourdatasayno anewiceageisnothangingoverorheads saidericwolfffromthebritishantarcticsurvey nowwehaveeightexamplesofhowtheclimategoesinandoutoficeages andyoucanlearnwhattherulesarethatgoint