形容词副词专练.doc

启东中学高三英语语法十：形容词、副词一、考点梳理考点1：形容词修饰名词时位置：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房 a short young Japanese businessman a new green silk cap some beautiful red flowers the first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge修饰anything, everything等不定代词时，放在这些词后面时位置：I have something interesting to tell you.考点2：the+形容词表示一类人或物：the rich the poor the new the old the sick the elderly/old(sick 与 ill: be sick / the sick man be ill / ill=bad luck)考点3：复合形容词 kind-hearted , tired-looking, fast-moving, hard-won, newly-made, peace-loving, mouth-watering, hand-made, four-storeyed, three-legged,考点4：形容词作状语，表示伴随情况、原因、结果等： He went to bed, cold and hungry. He got home late, drunk. 过去分词转化来的形容词: excited / exciting; frightened/frightening; surprised/surprising; moved / moving; touched/touching等过去分词短语：be devoted to, be absorbed in, be lost in, be buried in, be employed in, be occupied in, be addicted to, be involved in, be exposed to等在非谓语中作状语或主语宾语用法；_( absorb) in reading, he didnt notice me come into the room._(absorb) himself in reading, he didnt notice me come into the room._(expose) to various cultures is what he has been looking forward._(expose) himself to various cultures is what he has been looking forward to.考点5：有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以ly结尾，含义不同： near 邻近 nearly将近 ； loud大声 loudly大声地（强调喧闹）； deep深 deeply深深地 ；high高 highly高度地，非常； wide宽 widely广泛地 ；most极，非常 mostly主要地，大多数地；late迟 lately最近； hard努力地，使劲地 hardly几乎不； free免费 freely自由地； close接近 closely仔细地，密切地；考点6：比较级(1)A +谓语 +倍数（twice/three times/one third）+比较级 +than B A+谓语 +倍数（twice/three times/one third）as+原级+as B A+谓语 +倍数（twice/three times/one third）the +n of B A+谓语+倍数（twice/three times/one third）what从句(2)同级比较：A+谓语+as+原级+as B A谓语not +as (so)+原级+as B =A +谓语+less+原级+than BHe doesnt sing as /so well as you.=He sings less well than you.注意：as.as.这一比较结构，在有上文的语境中，后面的一个as以及后面的成分可以承前省略。如：My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is twice _ expensive.AasBso CtooDveryas形容词(a/an)名词as”表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.as long as , as far as , as well as等用法；(3)修饰比较级的副词：much, even, still, far, a great deal ,a bit, a little, by far, a lot等 (any+比较级用于疑问较多：Is she any better?) by far: He is by far the tallest in his class (修饰最高级) He is by far the taller of the two brothers. / He is taller by far than his brother.(修饰比较级在比较级前加the或置于比较级后)(4) 否定词比较级最高级。There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?No. It couldnt have been worse.(5) more than用法：超过；很，非常；不仅仅 more.than.用法: He is more nervous than cold. / He is more (of) a singer than a poet. More than a student has failed the exam. not more than不比.多 no more than=as little/few as no less than=as many/much as(6)the +比较级.,the+比较级 The higher you stand, the farther youll see.(7) the +比较级+of the two She is the younger of the two.(8)比较级+比较级 better and better more and more interesting(9)be superior to , be inferior to, be junior to, be senior to, be prior to等结构表示比较； He is superior to Jack in playing badminton.(10)比较从句中为避免重复用代词one, the one, that, ones, the ones, those替代前面出现的名词 A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood. The book on the table is more interesting than the one / that on the desk.考点7：最高级(1) the largest park与a largest park区别：(2) 表示最高程度的形容词excellent, perfect, extreme, favourite等没有最高级(3) 作状语的副词的最高级前可省略定冠词 Of all the boys he came (the) earliest.考点8：需注意的一些形容词副词用法：(1)a-开头形容词常作表语：afraid, asleep, awake, alone, alive, alike (注意：alive作后置定语；alone还可作副词“光，就”；alike还可作副词“同样地”)(2)某些-ly结尾的词时形容词：friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, likely, deadly, silly, timely, orderly,elderly(3)elder与older区别：elder brother/sister respect elders farther与further区别：further education Im too tired. I cant go any farther/ further. badly, bad与ill比较级最高级都是worse, worst(4)be well off , be badly off （be better off, be worse off）(5)yet:（否定中）还未 Are you ready? Not yet. We have yet to decide what action to take=We havent decided what action to take .我们尚未决定采取何种行动但是，然而（连词或副词）：Its small car, yet its surprisingly spacious. He has a good job , and yet he never seems to have any money.(6)still:还是，仍然 Do you still works in this bookstore?但，不过，然而 The weather was cold and wet. Still, we had a great time.更（修饰比较级）The next day was still hotter.adj.静止的，不动的 He sat there still. Still water runs deep.静水流深(7)有些副词还可以作连词，作副词时常放在句末。如：though，(ever)since，in case等He is old. He works hard，though.Though he is old，he works hard.He left home ten days ago, and he hasnt been heard of ever since.(8)有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语,如：obviously，naturally，surprisingly等Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.Happily for her，her stepmother was kind to her.(9)the last+n.表示的意思：He is the last person I want to see.他是我最不想见的人。(10)so.that与suchthat.(思考：何时可替换？什么情况只能用suchthat? 什么情况下只能用so.that?)Mr. White got _ little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together.Ive had _ many falls that Im black and blue all over.There are _ little children that they cant clean the house by themselves._ little birds have eaten _ much grain.(11)possible, probable, likelyIt is possible/probable/likely that 从句It is possible for sb.to do sth.Sb./Sth.is likely to do sth.(12)almost 几乎，差不多与nearly将近 not nearly, almost not / nothing / nobody; Im not nearly ready. I almost never see her. They almost eat anything. Almost no one believed him(13) far from far from a fool / satisfactory / perfect free from (pollution, worries, anxieties)与free of (charge) not necessarily未必 not nearly远非;绝不是 Its not nearly as hot as last year.天气绝没有去年那么热。 There isnt nearly enough time to get there now.现在根本没有足够的时间赶到那儿。 nowhere near=not anywhere near远非；绝不是 The job doesnt pay anywhere near enough for me.这份工作付给我的报酬远远不够。 close to几乎 He won the car race, but came close to being killed. not really不，不很 -Did you enjoy the book? -Not really. absolutely完全地，绝对地（修饰形容词、动词、介词短语等）；当然是（用于答语） Its absolutely impossible to complete the work in such a short time. -Do you think so? -Absolutely . exactly确切地，准确地；正是，就是；用于答语表示完全赞同 You must tell us exactly what you would like done. He knew exactly how things would go. It happened exactly as you described it. -We need a drink. -Exactly! Lets have one. not exactly并不真地，不完全 Were not exactly driving fast. slightly稍微 modest谦虚的；不太大的，不过分的；羞怯的，谨慎的 Considering how he won the award, he should be modest about it. Young girls must be modest in speech, dress and behavior. He lives in a modest little house. He made only a modest donation. thus因而He didnt study and thus failed the test. He opened the door, thus letting more natural light in. therefore因此，所以He injured his leg and therefore couldnt play in the game. nevertheless / however然而 meanwhile=in the meanwhile与此同时，在这段时间 Jack ran for a doctor; meanwhile we stayed with the patient. otherwise 否则，要不然(1) Hurry up, otherwise/or youll be late. (2) I was busy last night, otherwise I would have come to your party. (3) He gave away his old books to his cousins which he would otherwise have sold. 除此以外 There was some music playing upstairs. Otherwise, the house was silent.在其它方面，另（differently） I wanted to see him, but he was otherwise engaged(忙着别的事情).consequently=in consequence=as a consequencein all, above all, at all, not at all, after all , all in all用法common, ordinary, usual, average, regular, normal用法hardly, seldom, scarcely, rarely, barely用法instantly, immediately, directly+从句用法special / specially special: 特殊的，特别的；专用的 n.特别节目，特刊，专车；特价（菜） Tonight is a special occasion, and well have something very special for dinner. This is my special chair. No one else may sit in it. a 2-hour television special specially 与for/ to do连用：He came here specially to see you. make a chocolate specially for youparticular特别的，特殊的；某一特定的；讲究的，挑剔的 be particular about 对讲究的、挑剔的 in particular特别是，特别（地） I have nothing particular to do this evening. Why did you choose that particular book? What do you mean? Oh, nothing in particular.particularly特别地；特别是，尤其是 He is particularly suitable for the job.He made a long and careful examination , particularly of the eyes.especially特别地；Im especially busy today. 尤其 (和状语、同位语连用) I like the country, especially in spring. / I like it very much, especially the last part.narrow窄的；勉强的，仔细的 narrow escape险些没逃出 narrowly勉强地，差点儿;仔细地 He narrowly escaped death. Look at someone narrowlyalone=by oneself / 光，就 lonely孤独的，偏僻的simply, merely, onlyhistoric/historical; electric/ electrical; economic/ economicaleven / still / much less let alone 更不用说 not to mention更不用说，还不算，此外还有 He cant walk, much less run. There were three of us here, not to mention the child.present, concerned作定语时的前置后置；living与alivethe remaining time=the time left; a lighted candle=a burning candle; (14) so hot a day, too hot a day, such a big meal, quite a big meal, as clever a child as you, how clever a boy, what a clever boy, a rather tall man=rather a tall man; a fairly tall man与a rather tall man ( rather a tall man)意思的区别；(15)cant (can never)too + adj./adv. (adj./adv. enough) You cant drive too carefully .=You cant drive carefully enough.二、巩固练习：1.When you study the local map，youll find this town is_.Atwice the size of that one Btwice as a large town as thatCtwice as larger as that one Dtwice as larger a town as that2. Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks，but it cost _ his.Aas much twice asBtwice as much asCmuch as twice as Das twice much as3.Do you think that the 11th Chinese National Games were a success?Yes，_！It couldnt be _.Arelatively；better Bapproximately；worseCabsolutely；better Dfortunately；worse4. Of the two cameras，I would prefer _one，which is very easy for me to carry.Aa smallerBthe smallest Ca smallDthe smaller5. Jim went to answer the phone._，Harry started to prepare lunch.AHoweverBNevertheless CBesidesDMeanwhile6. We only had $100 and that was _to buy a new computer.Anowhere near enoughBnear enough nowhereCenough near nowhereDnear nowhere enough7. When it was his turn to deliver his speech，_，he walked towards the microphone.Anervously and embarrassingly Bnervous and embarrassedlyCnervously and embarrassing Dnervous and embarrassed8.I have been convinced that the print media are usually more _and more reliable than television.AaccurateBridiculous CurgentDshallow9. Do you think shopping online will _take the place of shopping in stores?AespeciallyBfrequently CmerelyDfinally10.In this lecture，I can only give you a purely _view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.AprivateBpersonal CuniqueDdifferent11.Mr Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been_.ApopularBmore popular Cmost popularDthe most popular12. Computers and mobile phones，though they are indeed making our life _and more_，have reduced the need for facetoface communications.Aeasily；efficientBeasier；efficientCeasy；efficientlyDeasily；efficiently13.Volunteering is becoming _popular in China.Yeah，people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.AnaturallyBsuccessfully Csplendidly Dincreasingly14. Studies show that people are more _to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.AlikelyBpossible CprobableDsure15. I have seldom seen my mother _pleased with my progress as she is now.AsoBvery CtooDrather16. Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have _schedules to make it easier to care for their children.Aheavy Bsmooth Cflexible Dcomplex17. Thinking that her daughter was doing homework，the mother left the room，_.Aquickly and gentleBquick and gentleCquickly and gentlyDquick and gently18. My grandfather is as _as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.AenthusiasticBenergetic CtalkativeDsensitive19. Even students with _intelligence can be excellent students after bettering their study habits.AaverageBunusual CsplendidDpopular20. Young people go to college with the expectation that _educated people get a higher pay.AgoodBbetter CbestDthe best21. The increase of the number of the students makes the limited computers not _to each student.AavailableBaffordable ChelpfulDacceptable22. Though many extra planes and trains are used to carry passengers，traffic tools are still _needed during the “May Day” holidays.AeagerlyBbadly CequallyDslightly23. On snowy days，you have to drive very _to avoid traffic accidents.AcautiouslyBneatly CsmoothlyDproperly24. He was robbed last night，but _he didnt have much on him then.AfortunatelyBeventually CcertainlyDsurprisingly25. Sorry. Somebody borrowed the book last week，but Ill let you know once it is_.ApossibleBprobable CavailableDpunctual26. This new kind of chemicals will help keep the air，soil and water _from pollution.AfreeBempty ClooseDshort27. Jack is really a brave guy.So he is. And we cant admire his courage_.Atoo muchBa lot Cvery muchDa little28. Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games.Yes. No one could perform_，I think.AwellBbetter CbestDthe best29. My mom once worked in a very small village school，which is _only on foot.AacceptableBadequate CaccessibleDappropriate30.Do you like the place of interest?On the contrary，its the _place that I want to visit.AworstBlast CbestDlatest31.-What is the model plane like?-Well, the wings of the plane are_ of its body.A. more than the length twice B. twice more than the lengthC. more than twice the length D. more twice than the length32.- You dont go to that supermarket quite often, do you? - No, I only go there _ because its too far away from my house.A. eventually B. constantly C. occasionally D. frequently 33.In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russia are _ . A. special B. optionalC. regionalD. original 34.To be successful, you must be smart, confident, and, _ honest. A. therefore B. above allC. howeverD. after all 35.This magazine is very _ with young people, who like its content and style. A. popular B. familiarC. similarD. particular36. How was your recent visit to Qingdao? It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the_ days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 37.The spokesman said that this was a（n）_negotiation （谈判） because it solved a lot of problems between the two sidesAattractive Bdefensive Cprotective Dproductive38.Although the painting is very _ pleasant, it is thought to be copied with a modern printing machineAvisually Bhighly Cphysically Dmentally39. Youd better go there by train. The train ticket is _ the airplane ticket.A. as cheap three times as B. as three times cheap asC. three times cheaper than D. cheaper three times than40. These natural parks are very important for preserving many animals, which would_ run the risk of becoming extinct.A. otherwise B. therefore C. nevertheless D. however41.Havent you seen the speed limit sign? Please drive _ .Sorry, but I have to.A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more a bit42.The man moved forward and _ looked over the edge, shrinking his shoulders. A. accurately B. cautiously C. brilliantly D. disappointedly43. -Tom isnt so strong as he_, is he? -Yes. He is_ his two brothers.A. thinks; no stronger than B. expects; as strong asC. appears; stronger than D. looks; the strongest44. The paper studies some _ cases in which something somehow wrong leads to the miscommunication, so that English teachers may improve their teaching.A. distant B. typical C. distinguished D. misleading45.Having been told _ where he lived, I had no difficulty in finding Peters address.A. exactly B. approximately C. appropriately D. relatively46. I wonder why Jack always gets good marks when he does only _ the others.A. half as much as B. as much as half C. half as many as D. as many as half 47. How much is too much for a schoolbag?Experts say students should carry_ more than 10 or 15 percent of their body weight. A. no B. not C. anyD. far48.