高考英语高频词汇必背及训练10.doc

2015高考高频词汇必背及训练系列101.effect n效果，作用；影响have an effect on对有影响(have a/anadj.effect on.)have some/little/no effect on对有些/一点/没有影响in effect实际上，事实上；有效take effect见效，开始起作用；(法律或规章)生效，开始实行come into effect实行，实施，生效be of no effect无效cause and effect因果注意：虽然表达“对有影响”用have an effect on，但表示“有很大/小影响”用have much/little effect on，而不用many/few。the medicine had a good effect on me.那种药对我有良好的功效。the advertising campaign didnt have much effect on sales.这些广告攻势对销售额没起到多大作用。the medicine quickly took effect.这种药很快就见效了。affect/effect/influence辨析(1)affect仅作动词，可以用于以下三种情况：对某人或某物产生不良的影响，通常以被影响的人或物作为宾语。作“影响”讲时，是及物动词，相当于短语have an effect on。hot weather affects his health.炎热的天气影响着他的健康。作“使改动，使变化”之意讲时，属中性词，没有好坏之分。he wasnt affected by the news.他听了这消息后无动于衷。感动。his speech affected the audience deeply.他的演讲深深地打动了观众。(2)effect通常指使某人或某物得以改进和变化，强调造成一种特殊的后果。作名词时指affect的结果。 this medicine has no effect on his headache.这种药对他的头疼不起作用。(3)influence指通过劝说、行为或事例等对另一方的行为、性格、观点产生潜移默化的或持久的影响，尤其在感情和态度上的影响。有动词和名词两种词性。what we read influences our thinking.我们阅读的书籍会对我们的思想产生影响。完成句子(1)we should learn to distinguish between_(因果)(2)the new law_(生效)from tomorrow.(3)_(实际上)，the two systems are the same.单项填空(4)recently tourism has a great_on the wildlife in my hometown，which causes complaints.aeffort beffect caffect dreflect2.disappoint vt.使失望the film disappointed him.影片使他失望。(1)有些及物动词的现在分词和过去分词均可用作形容词，现在分词意为“令人的”，一般用来指物；过去分词意为“某人感到的”，一般用来指人。但指人的“表情”“ 嗓音”等时用过去分词。此类形容词有： the disappointing news made us disappointed.这个令人失望的消息使我们很失望。i was moved by the moving scene.我被这令人感动的一幕打动了。(2)im disappointed that i failed the exam.我失望的是我考试没及格。用disappoint的适当形式填空(1)from his fathers_look，we know the_boy made his father_.(2)the long speech given by that old professor seemed_and endless.（3）the film is ，i have to say，not a bit interesting.why? its_than the films i have ever seen.afar more interesting bmuch less interestingcno more interesting dany less interesting3.perform(1)vt.& vi.演出，表演the play was first performed in 1987.这部剧于1987年首次上演。(2)vt.做，履行，执行the surgeon has performed the operation.外科医生已做完了手术。(3)vi.工作，运转(好/不好)the engine seems to be performing well.发动机似乎运转正常。perform an experiment/operation做实验/施行手术perform a play上演一部剧本perform a role in(play a role in.)在中起作用perform well/badly(poorly)/satisfactorily表现得好/坏/令人满意performance n表演，演奏performer n表演者put on performance表演(1)weve never seen a shakespeares play_so wonderfully.aperform bis performing cperforming dperformed(2)tonight the blind boy will perform_the piano at the party.great！he succeeded at last！hes performed_a wonder.a/；/ bon；on con；/ d/；on4.impress vt.使(人)印象深刻；印上，压出印记impress sth on sbimpress sb with sth使某人牢记/铭记某事impress sth on sth把印在上be impressed by/at/with.被感动；对印象深刻be impressed on ones mind/memory被印在脑海里，留下深刻的印象impression n印象impressive adj.使人印象深刻的，令人感动的leave/makethe book didnt impress me at all.这本书没有给我留下一点印象。he impressed me with the importance of the work.他让我明白了工作的重要性。the teachers were impressed by your performance in the exam.所有的老师被你们的考试成绩所感动。(1)he_a design on cloth.what a beautiful design!apressed bimpressed cput dplaced(2)the speech by the mayor of shanghai before the final voting for expo 2010 was strongly impressed_my memory.ato bover cby don(3)when you stay in a strangers home，you should do everything properly so that you can make a good_on the host.aexpression bimpression csuggestion dbine vt.(使)联合，(使)结合combine sth with/and sth把与联合combine with与混合，与化合combine business with pleasure劳逸结合we should combine business with pleasure.我们应该劳逸结合。完成句子你应该努力把锻炼与健康饮食结合起来。you should try to_exercise_healthy diets.6.represent vt.代表；象征；描绘what does this mark represent？这个符号代表什么？representative n代表者，代理人，众议员represent sb/sth as sb/sth把描述成represent sb as/to be.宣称某人为represent sth to sb向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事be well/badly represented很好/很差地展示be representative of.是的代表he represented himself as(to be)a friend of mine.他自称是我的一个朋友。are your opinions representative of those of the other students?你们的意见代表其他的学生吗？(1)zhang yining and her fellow teammates，_chinas women pingpong team，took park in the 2008 olympics games.a.represent brepresented crepresenting dbeing represented(2)his only aim is_our country at the olympics in 2016.arepresented bto be representedcrepresenting dto represent7.treasure n财宝，财富treasure作“财宝”讲一般是不可数名词；作“珍贵的东西”讲一般是可数名词。也可用作及物动词，意为“珍惜”。there is much treasure in this tomb.这个墓里有许多财宝。we should treasure our friendship.我们应该珍惜我们的友谊。完成句子(1)we should_(爱惜)manpower and material resources.汉译英(2)我珍惜你的友谊。_(3)he_the watch his mother gave him.alongs btreasures cadmires dappreciates(4)i shall_this gift because it was given by the teacher i loved.aenjoy btreasure cadmire dappreciate8.quit v停止，辞职he quit his job last month.他上个月辞职了。quit laughing！别笑了！quitquit/quittedquit/quittedquittingquit后跟动词的ing形式。quit/stop辨析两者都可以表示“停止”。其区别在于：stop：指动作、运行、进展等被停下来，含突然、断然的意味。quit：指最终彻底停止某事，有时暗示遭到失败或面临挫折。用stop与quit填空(1)the police were called to_a fight outside the theatre.(2)in order to keep you healthy，youd better_drinking and smoking.(3)they_work at 5 pm and then went home.aquit bdid cstarted dbegan9.appearance外貌，外观dont judge people by their appearances.不要以貌取人。appearance n出现，显露，露面；外观/外貌/外表appear vi.出现make appearance登台，出现make a good/poor appearance 显得一表人材/显得很不雅观at first appearance乍看起来in appearance外貌上，看起来keep up appearances装点门面；装阔气，维持体面shes made a number of appearances on television.她已在电视上几次露面。his sudden appearance surprised her.他的突然出现使她很惊讶。(1)there is no point in keeping up_when everyone knows were nearly bankrupt(破产)aengagements bgatherings cmeetings dappearances(2)the environmentalists said wild goats_on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.aescape babsence cattendance dappearance10.transform vt.转变，转换success and wealth transformed his character.成功和财富改变了他的性格。transform sb/sth into.把某人/物改变成transform sb/sth from.从中转变而来transform wind into energy.把风转化成能量。the comp