高考英语艺考生课程 词汇 第二讲 English around the world教学案.doc

艺考生课程词汇 第二讲 english around the world适用学科英语适用年级高三适用区域全国课时时长（分钟）60知识点名词辨析；动词辨析；副词辨析；形容词辨析；动词短语辨析；完成句子；句子翻译；教学目标知识：1.快速复习掌握本单元词汇。 2.快速扩词汇量 方法：1.老师和学生一起翻译短文并从中找出自己不认识的词汇。 2.学生将不认识的词汇整理到笔记本上，并默写出所整理的词汇的汉语意思。 能力：1.能根据老师所翻译的文章快速记住生词的汉语意思。 2.能通过不断上涨的词汇量快速提高阅读能力。 教学重点1. 能根据老师所翻译的文章快速记住生词的汉语意思。2. 能通过不断上涨的词汇量快速提高阅读能力。 教学难点重点单词、短语的灵活运用教学过程一、课堂导入通过话题讨论：do you know the difference between british english and american english?自然的进入课堂教学内容。二、预习复习1）the important words in m1 unit one :1、upset adj.vt.(upset, upset) _2、ignore vt. _3、calm vt. & vi.adj. _4、concern vt. n. _5、loose adj. _6、power n. _7、dusty adj. _8、settle vi. vt. _9、suffer vt. & vi. _10、recover vi. & vt. _【答案】1.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的使不安；使心烦2.不理睬；忽视3.（使）平静；镇静的；4.（使）担忧；涉及；关系到 5松的；松开的 6能力；力量；权力7积满灰尘的8安家；定居；停留 使定居；安排；解决9遭受；忍受；经历10痊愈；恢复；重新获得2）the important phrases in this passage: 1.add up_2.calm down_3. be concerned about_ 4. go through_5. set down_ 6. a series of_7. on purpose_8. in order to _9. suffer from _10.be tired of _【答案】1 .合计2. 使平静下来 3 .关心；挂念 4. 经历；经受 5. 记下；放下；登记6. 一连串的；一系列；一套 7. 故意 8. 为了 9 .遭受；患病 10. 对某事厌烦 三、知识讲解翻译下面由本单元词汇所编成的故事 要求学生在翻译过程中不会的词汇用横线标出 （一）the passage different countries have different kinds of englishes不同的国家有不同的英语voyages of people from england play an important part in spreading the english language. at present, english is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries, such as america, singapore, malaysia and some african countries. all based on british english, the english spoken in these countries can be well understood by native english speakers. but actually, these englishes have been gradually changing in accents, spellings, expressions and the usage of vocabulary.because of this fact, you can make use of the differences to tell which country the foreigners of your block are from. for example, if a boss fluently commands his driver, “come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs”, instead of requesting, “please come to my flat by lift and take some petrol for my lorries and taxis”, you can recognize his american identity, while the latter suggests that he is british.英国人的航海在英语的传播中扮演了重要的角色。目前，英语在许多国家被作为官方语言或通用语言频繁地使用，例如美国、新加波、马来西亚和一些非洲的国家。这些国家的英语都以英式英语为基础，能很好地为以英语为本族语的人所理解。但是实际上，这些英语在口音、拼写、表达和词汇的使用方面都在逐渐变化。因为这一情况的存在，你就可以利用这些英语之间的区别说出你们街区的外国人是哪个国家来的了。例如，如果有个老板流利地命令他的司机：“come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs（直接搭电梯到我公寓上来拿卡车和出租车的汽油）”，而不是要求说，“please come to my flat by lift and take some petrol for my lorries and taxis（请直接搭电梯到我公寓上来拿卡车和出租车的汽油）”，你就可以轻易地辨认出他的美国人身份，而后者却暗示着那是一位英国人。（请注意：听力录音里第二段两个“电梯”的单词跟原文不一致，原文是对的，录音弄错了，elevator才是美式说法而lift是英式说法。)（二）重点知识总结与解析：1）the important word in this passage: 1、native adj. n. _2、apartment n. _3、actually adv. _4、base vt. _5、gradually adv. _6、vocabulary n. _7、latter adj. _8、fluent adj. _9、frequent adj. _10、command n.& vt. _11、request n. & vt. _12、expression n. _13、recognize vt. _14、accent n. _15、straight adv. adj. _【答案】1.本国的;本地的n. 本地人；本国人 2. 公寓住宅；单元住宅3. 实际上；事实上 4. 以为根据n. 基部；基地；基础5. 逐渐地；逐步地 6. 词汇；词汇量；词表7.较后的;后半的;（两者中）后者的 8.流利的；流畅的9.频繁的；常见的 10.命令；指令；掌握11. 请求；要求 12.词语；表示；表达13. 辨认出；承认；公认 14. 口音；腔调；重音15. 直接； 笔直的；2）the important phrases in this passage: 1、because of _2、come up _3、at present _4、make use of _5、such as _6、play a part (in) _【答案】1、 因为；由于2、走近；上来；提出3、 现在；目前4、 利用；使用5、例如6、 扮演一个角色；参与（三）知识点讲解：重点词汇知识点1 base vt.以为根据n基部；基地；基础教材原句it was based more on german than the english we speak at present.(p10)比起现在我们说的(英语)它更大程度上是以德语为基础的。必会base.on. 根据；以为基础(sth.) be based on. 以为基础on the basis of 根据，在的基础上，基于basic adj.基本的；基础的basically adv.基本上【例句体会】 after all, the doctorpatient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential.毕竟，医患之间的关系是建立在相互信任的基础上，所以诚实尤其重要。one should always base his opinion on facts.人们应该总是把观点建立在事实的基础上。【归纳拓展】在作状语表示“基于为背景(考虑)”时，常用的结构为：“based on.”；在作定语时表示“基于的事物”时，也常用过去分词作后置定语，如：theory based on facts 基于事实的理论。the novel _ facts.这部小说是以事实为背景写的。答案：based on_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.abasedbbasingcbasedto base答案：a知识点2 request n. & vt. 请求；要求教材原句in english you use a command or a request when you want someone to do something.(p12)在英语中，当你想让别人做事时，你可以使用命令或请求方式。必会request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事request that sb. (should) do sth. 请求it is requested that.据要求延伸make (a) request for.请求，要求at sbs requestat the request of sb.应某人之要求request sth. of sb.要求某人某物【例句体会】 the map receives up to 50 requests for murals each week.每周map都收到多达50条画壁画的要求。you are requested not to smoke in the restaurant. 请不要在餐馆里吸烟。he only did what was requested of him.他只是照章办事。【归纳拓展】request后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语应是should动词原形，或直接用动词原形，有些同学常常忽略这一点。dont respond to any emails _personal information, no matter how official they look.asearching baskingcrequesting dquestioning答案：c知识点3 recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认教材原句although many americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each others dialects.(p13)虽然美国人经常搬迁，但他们仍然能识别并理解彼此的方言必会recognize sb. (sbs voice)认出某人，(听出某人的声音) be recognized to be/as. 被认作/被认为是it is recognized that.人们公认【例句体会】 若想全面掌握recognize一词，必须知道其三个方面的用法，即：认出(听出)、认为(认作)、承认(认可)，请同学们在例句中认真体会。the moment i picked up the phone, i recognized his voice. 我一拿起电话就听出了他的声音。the guangzhou asian games is widely recognized as a great success. 普便认为广州亚运会取得了巨大成功。it is recognized that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. 人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。【归纳拓展】单项填空my family are all musicians, so i was _ when i went into our local music store.arecognized binterviewed cfound dinvited答案：a重点词组知识点1 because of 因为，由于教材原句later in the next century, people from england made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, english began to be spoken in many other countries. (p9)在下一个世纪晚期，来自英国的人们长途跋涉去征服世界的其他地方，也是由于这一点，英语在许多国家得到使用。必会due to 由于(作表语或状语，一般不放于句首) owing to 由于(作表语或状语) as a result of 因为；由于(作状语) thanks to 多亏；由于(作表语或状语) because 因为，由于(用于引导状语从句和表语从句)he had to retire because of ill health.他因为健康状况不佳，所以不得不退休。he walked slowly because of his bad leg.他走得慢是因为他腿有毛病。易错提醒because of是短语介词，后面可接名词，代词或名词性从句。because what he did (由于他所做的事)，这种说法是错误的，应该是because of what he did，千万注意。he was late not only _ his illness but also _ _ he missed the train.abecause; forbbecause of; becausecfor; because ofdbecause of; because of答案：dthe manager refused to have his daughter in his department _ showing favor to her.ain need ofbbecause ofcfor fear ofdregardless of答案：b知识点2 come up 走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮)升起教材原句id like to come up to your apartment. (p10)我愿意来你的公寓。the seeds havent come up yet.(种子)芽还没有长出土来。the question hasnt come up yet.这个问题尚未被提出来。方法规律当说到某人提出某个问题时，应用come up with, 即：(某人)come up with a question (plan, an idea.)必会come up with 想出，提出；找到；产生come about 发生come across 穿过(路、桥)；偶遇；偶然发现come on (风、雨等)到来；(演员)出场；赶快；得了吧come out 出版；出来，出现；结果是come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到how did it _ _ that you were late for half an hour？你迟到半小时，这是怎么回事？when he _ _，he found himself surrounded by a lot of people. 答案：come about come to当他苏醒时，发现被许多人围着。the record which _ at the end of last year was a great success throughout the country.acame aboutbcame throughccame outdcame around答案：c知识点3 make use of 利用；使用教材原句so by the 1600s shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. (p10)到17世纪，莎士比亚使用了比以往更多的词汇。必会make full/the best/good use of 充分利用make the most of, take advantage of be of great use 很有用it be no use doing sth. 做没用延伸come into use 开始被使用bring/put.to use 把投入使用we should make good use of every minute to learn well. 我们应充分利用分分秒秒把学习搞好。she put her knowledge of german to good use. 她充分运用自己的德语知识。i think youll find this book of great use (to you). 我想你会觉得这书(对你)很有用。方法规律“make use of sth.”有两种变为被动语态的形式，一个是让use作主语，一个是让sth.作主语。如果把例句变为两个被动句，应该是这样的：every minute should be made good use of to learn well.good use should be made of every minute to learn well._ trying to persuade him to have a holiday because he is a workaholic.他是一个工作狂，试图说服他度假根本无用。答案：it is no use the manager of the company told us that very little _ was made of the waste material in the past.acostbvalue cusedmatter答案：c重点句型知识点1 more.than.与其说倒不如说教材原句it was based more on german than the english we speak at present. (p10)当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而不是我们今天所说的英语。方法规律more.than.意为“与其倒不如”，此结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more和than后接形容词、副词的原级，名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。she was more sad than angry when her son lied.当她的儿子撒谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。易错提醒有些同学把上述结构误认为是形容词比较级，这是大错特错的。故不可以把上面例句中的more sad than angry改为sadder than angry, 特此提醒。必会(1)more than数词或从句超过more than形容词 非常more than名词 不只是；不仅是(2)no more than (five) 只不过；仅仅not more than(five) 不超过；至多 rather than 而不是other than 除了；不同于im more than happy to take you there in my car.我非常乐意用我的车带你去那里。songs that are spoken rather than sung are called rap. 用来说而不是唱的歌曲叫说唱乐。知识点2 even if 引导的让步状语从句教材原句native english speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of english.(p10)以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。句式分析此句是一个主从复合句，even if是连词，引导让步状语从句。方法规律同学们一定要学会分析even if(though)、though和as though之间的区别：even if/though “即使，尽管”引导让步状语从句。主从句皆表示将来的情况，该从句往往表述可能性不大或假设的事情。although (though) 虽然引导让步状语从句，但从句内容不表可能性，而是客观事实。as if/as though “好像，似乎”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句。当从句的内容与事实相反时，从句用虚拟语气；当从句的内容发生的可能性很大时，用陈述语气。even if/though you graduate from college, you should still continue to learn.即使你大学毕业了也要继续学习。although you have graduated from college, you should still continue to learn. 虽然你已经大学毕业了，但你仍需继续学习。易错提醒观察以上两句，注意even though和although的区别，前者更多地表示一种可能性或假设，而后者则强调客观事实，这是一个易错点。四、例题精析【例题1】a number of questions _ at the meeting yesterday, but none was answered. a. cared about b. came up c. dug out d. set up【答案】b。考查短语词义。【解析】come up被提出，符合句意。care about关心； dig out掘出； set up 建立。 【例题2】he came to the front of the building and _the line of the people. a. joined b.joined in c.took part in d.attended【答案】a。考查同义词的辨析。【解析】join 指“加入组织机构”或后接人；join in通常后拉活动类名称； take part in指“参加大型群众性活动”； attend则指“参加会议、典礼等”。 【例题3】jack wasnt saying anything ,but the teacher smiled at him _he had done something very clever. a.as if b.in case c.while d.though【答案】a。考查连词的用法。【解析】as if 意为尽管，引导让步状语从句。五、课堂运用【基础】 根据单词变形1 office n n adj.【答案】officer official 2 fluent adj. adv. n【答案】fluently fluency 3 usage n n. & v adj. adj. （反义词） 【答案】use useful useless 4 command n. & vt. n 【答案】commander 5 express v n adj. 【答案】expression expressive 【巩固】根据句意及汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。1. though he has studied english for only two years, he can speak it _（流利地）.【答案】fluently 【解析】副词的用法。2. our baby is just starting to speak; he has a _ (词汇)of about ten words.【答案】vocabulary 【解析】名词的用法。3. try to learn by heart these english words and _ (短语) .【答案】 expressions 【解析】名词的用法。4. many ancient _(文化) are only known through archaeology.【答案】cultures 【解析】名词的用法。5. the _ （航行）from america to france used to take two months.【答案】 voyage 【解析】名词的用法。6. he looked calm, but _ （事实上）he was very nervous.【答案】actually 【解析】副词的用法。7. an _(官员) of the local government promised to deal with the matter.【答案】 officer【解析】名词的用法。8. an _ （电梯）is a machine for raising and lowering something.【答案】 elevator 【解析】名词的用法。9. so far, the police are still uncertain about the murderers _.(身份)【答案】 identity 【解析】名词的用法。10. as can be easily seen, not everybody is satisfied with the _(现在的) situation.【答案】present 【解析】形容词的用法。【提高】英汉互译一）英译汉1. after that, what happened to the amber room remains a mystery. 答案： 从那以后，琥珀屋的去处就成了一个谜。2. by studying old photos of the former amber room, they have made the new one look like the old one. 答案： 通过研究琥珀屋的旧照片，他们使新的琥珀屋看上去像以前的琥珀屋。3. one day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an amazing object among the many different vases and jewels. 答案： 一天，他正在一家二手家具店里查看，这时他在不同的花瓶和首饰中看见了一个神奇的东西4. in a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. 答案： 在审判过程中，法官必须断定哪些目击者的话可信，哪些不可信。5. it was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the countrys best artists about ten years to make. 答案： 还是一件装饰着黄金和珠宝的宝物，这个国家最优秀的艺术家花费了近十年的时间才完成它。二）汉译英1. 人们高度评价了这个花瓶. 【答案和解析】 people thought highly of the vase.2. 她所做的值得表扬。【答案和解析】 what she did was worth praising.3. 毫无疑问，tom 能赢得这场比赛。【答案和解析】 there is no doubt that tom can win the game.4. 这块地预定做花园。【答案和解析】 this piece of land is designed for a garden.5. 他经常拆卸他的自行车。【答案和解析】 he often takes his bicycle apart.课程小结本节课主要围绕必修一unit two词汇进行多方位记忆，将精心挑选出的表达情感类的词汇、短语进行汇编串联，够成趣味文章。需要重点掌握的是除了本单元的词汇 还有文章中出现的其他词汇的汉语意思。尽可能多的扩大词汇量，尽可能快的记住每个生词的意思，近年高考对词汇的考查越来越重视，因此，同学在通过词汇量的增大，快速提高了阅读能力，使整个高考题的卷面分数全面提高课后作业【基础】 一）根据文章内容，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项。1. what play an important part in spreading the english language.? a.jewels b.voyages c.bike d. horse【答案】b【解析】根据文章的第一句可知是英国人的航海，所以本题选择b. 2. what is the meaning of apartment in the second paragraph？a. building b. house c. flat d.pool【答案】c【解析】根据文章的第二段的描述要求到公寓，所以本题选择c. 3. according to the passage, why english spread to australia and america? _a. because there were seven millions people or so speaking english.b. because they made voyages to conquer other parts of the word. c. because english plays an important role in communication.d.be