北京市房山区高考英语 阅读理解专题选练（3）.doc

北京市房山区2016届高考英语 阅读理解专题选练（3）阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。 体裁：议论文话题：历史故事时间：6分钟the movies just wouldnt be the same without the warm buttery taste of popcorn.amazingly，this delicious treat started its life as a corn kernel(玉米粒)and not from just any corn.popcorn is a type of sweet corn that was originally grown in mexico and spread to china，india and elsewhere.it is the only kind of corn that will pop.today，most of the worlds popcorn is grown in the united states.every popcorn kernel contains a tiny drop of water，surrounded by soft starch(淀粉)when the popcorn is heated，the water turns into steam.this puts pressure on the surrounding hard kernel，forcing it to explode.the soft starch increases about 40 times in size as the corn kernel turns itself inside out. in the 1500s popcorn was an important food source for the aztec indians of central and southern mexico.but it wasnt only food.it was also used in ceremonies or in headdresses and necklaces.by the time the europeans arrived in america，popcorn had spread through most of the american indians.some early american settlers ate popcorn with cream and sugar for breakfast.but it wasnt until the late 1800s that popcorn became popular.the demand for popcorn increased and farmers began farming popcorn.the first mobile popping machine was invented in 1885，and popcorn was sold by street sellers much like hot dogs are sold today.during the great depression of the 1930s，the popcorn business still thrived as people could still afford it.then in the 1950s television arrived and popcorn consumption decreased.people stayed home and stopped going to the theatre.but the link between movies and popcorn had already existed.soon people began making popcorn at home on the stove.later，microwave popcorn was introduced.today the movies have regained popularity and popcorn has once again become the favorite.【语篇导读】没有温热香甜的爆米花，电影似乎也会失去味道吧。那么，关于爆米花你又了解多少呢？1popcorn was first planted in _.achina bamericacindia dmexico解析细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知答案。答案d2why does the corn kernel pop when heated?abecause it is covered with soft starch.bbecause the pressure inside is too big.cbecause the starch becomes bigger in size.dbecause there is water inside the kernel.解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三两句可知，玉米粒内的水并不能直接导致它炸开，而是水蒸气产生的压力作用于四周坚硬的内核上，造成它爆炸。故答案选b。答案b3we can know from the passage that _.apopcorn began to be farmed in the late 1800sbpopcorn was only a kind of food in the 1500s chot dogs used to be sold by street sellersdpeople stopped going to the movies without popcorn解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三两句可知，是在19世纪末期，随着人们对爆米花需求的增长，农民们才开始种植这种玉米。答案a4the underlined word“thrived” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_ ”astarted to be popularbwas seriously affectedcsuffered a lot ddeveloped very well解析词义猜测题。根据上文的still以及下文的as people could still afford it可推断出，这里指即使是在经济大萧条时期，因为爆米花仍然是人们买得起的食品，所以爆米花产业仍然发展得很好。答案dpassage fifteen (the second wave of feminism) the statistics ive cited and the living examples are all too familiar to you. but what may not be so familiar will be the increasing number of women who are looking actively for advancement of for a new job in your offices. this woman may be equipped with professional skills and perhaps valuable experience, she will not be content to be executive assistant to mr. seldom seen of the assistant vice presidents girl friday, who is the only one who comes in on saturday. she is the symbol of what i call the second wave of feminism. she is the modern woman who is determined to be. her forerunner was the radical feminist who interpreted her trapped position as a female as oppression by the master class of men. men, she believed, had created a domestic, servile role for women in order that men could have the career and the opportunity to participate in making the great decisions of society. thus the radical feminist held that women through history had been oppressed and dehumanized, mainly because man chose to exploit his wife and the mother of his children. sometimes it was deliberate exploitation and sometimes it was the innocence of never looking beneath the pretensions of life. the radical feminists found strength in banding together. coming to recognize each other for the first time, they could explore their own identities, realize their own power, and view the male and his system as the common enemy. the first phases of feminism in the last five years often took on this militant, class-warfare tone. betty friedan, gloria steinem, germaine greer, and many others hammered home their ideas with a persistence that aroused and intrigued many of the brightest and most able women in the country. consciousness-raising groups allowed women to explore both their identities and their dreamsand the two were often found in direct conflict.what is the stereotyped role of american women? marriage. a son. two daughters. breakfast. ironing. lunch. bowling, maybe a garden club of for the very daring, non-credit courses in ceramics. perhaps an occasional cocktail party. dinner. football or baseball on tv. each day the same. never any growth in expectationsunless it is growth because the husband has succeeded. the inevitable question: “is that all there is to life?”the rapid growth of many feminist organizations attests to the fact that these radical feminists had touched some vital nerves. the magazine “ms.” was born in the year of the death of the magazine “life.” but too often the consciousness-raising sessions became ends in themselves. too often sexism reversed itself and man-hating was encouraged. many had been with the male chauvinist.it is not difficult, therefore, to detect a trend toward moderation. consciousness-raising increasingly is regarded as a means to independence and fulfillment, rather than a ceremony of fulfillment itself. genuine independence can be realized through competence, through finding a career, through the use of education. remember that for many decades the education of women was not supposed to be useful.1. what was the main idea of this passage?a. the second wave of feminist. . womens independent spirits.c. the unity of women. d. the action of union.2. what was the authors attitude toward the radical?a. he supported it wholeheartedly. . he opposed it strongly.c. he disapproved to some extent. d. he ignored it completely.3. what does the word “militant” mean?a. aggressive. . ambitions. c. progressive. d. independent.4, what was the radical feminists view point about the male?a. women were exploited by the male. women were independent of the male.c. womens lives were deprived by the male.d. the male were their common enemy.vocabulary1. trapped 被诱入圈套的，陷阱2. servile 屈从的，奴隶的，奴性的3. dehumanized 使失去人/个性的4. pretension 要求，权利，借口5. look beneath 看到下面6. band together 紧密团结在一起7. explore 探索，考察8. phase 阶段，方面，形式9. class-warfare 阶级斗争10. hammer home 硬性灌输 hammer home an idea into sb. 硬向某人灌输某种观念11. intrigue 使着迷，密谋，用诡计取得12. stereotype 固定不变的，陈规旧习的13. attest 证明，证实，表明14. chauvinist 沙文主义者，男子至上主义这15. moderation （政治，宗教上）稳健中庸，缓和16. fulfillment 臻于完善，发挥潜在能力17. sexism 性别歧视（常指其实妇女）18. be independent of 独立于之外，不受控制/支配难句译注1. she will not be content to be executive assistant to mr. seldom seen of the assistant vice presidents girl friday, who is the only one who comes in on saturday.这是作者杜撰的名字，含有讽刺内涵。mr. seldom seen 很少见到的先生。说明公司很难见到他。那么做他的助手就是她替他干一切活。星期五姑娘。星期五是鲁滨逊漂流记中的一个人物，是鲁滨逊的仆人。这位星期六休假日来上班的姑娘，当然得干主人的一切活。参考译文 她不会满意做“很少见”先生的助手，也不愿做助理副主席的星期五姑娘，那位姑娘是唯一的一个星期六来上班的人。2. men, she believed, had created a domestic, servile role for women in order that men could have the career and the opportunity to participate in making the great decisions of society.结构简析 she believed 形式上插入语，实际 men 句是它的宾语从句。in order that 义：为的是。目的状语。参考译文 她认为男人为妇女创制了一个持家操劳的奴隶角色，为的是男人可以获得事业和机遇参与决定重大的社会抉择。3. thus the radical feminist held that women through history had been oppressed and dehumanized, mainly because man chose to exploit his wife and the mother of his children. sometimes it was deliberate exploitation and sometimes it was the innocence of never looking beneath the pretensions of life.结构简析 两句句子。前一句的宾语为主从句，后为并列句。参考译文 于是，激进女权主义者认为综观历史，妇女一直是被压迫被奴役，被非人化，主要原因就是因为男人就是想剥削他的妻子，孩子们的母亲。有时是有意的剥削；有时是由于没有透过生活的假象看到问题的实质，是无知所致。4. betty friedan, gloria steinem, germaine greer, and many others hammered home their ideas with a persistence that aroused and intrigued many of the brightest and most able women in the country.参考译文 betty friedan， gloria steinem，germaine greer，以及其他许多激进女权主义者坚持不懈的强行灌输（推行）他们的思想，幻想并吸引了国内无数最聪容，最能干的妇女。写作方法与文章大意文章论述“争取女权运动的妇女”，也可以说是女权运动的第二次浪潮。作者从历史上的女权运动激进分子观点谈起：妇女为男人所奴役，剥削。因为男的想独揽决策社会的大权，到女子觉醒，认识自己和自己的力量，把男人视作她们共同的敌人。最后是目前向缓冲发展的趋势，也是作者观点。答案祥解1. a. 第二次女权运动的浪潮。在第一段，一般性描述之后（见难句译注1），作者画龙点睛的指明“她就是我所指的第二次女权运动浪潮的象征。她是决心要成为的现代妇女的代表。”以后的文章就是围绕女权运动而写的。见文章大意。b. 妇女的独立精神。这只是女权运动中部分内容。 c. 妇女团结。第三段一开始就提到“激进女权主义者发现了紧密团结在一起的力量。”也是女权运动的部分内容。d. 团结运动。2. c. 有点不赞成。这在最后两段表现的最为明显：“许多女权运动组织迅速发展证明这些激进争取女权的人触到了某些活跃的神经。（非常活跃）。 ms 杂志就在生活停刊那年诞生。可是唤起觉醒的会议常常成为这些活动的目的。性别歧视（歧视妇女）也常常颠倒过来并且提倡憎恨男人。许多人曾是男权至上主义者。”“因此，察觉向平和中的趋向发展并不难。提高觉悟的做法越来越被认为是独立与成就的方式，而不是庆贺成就本身的仪式。真正的独立是能够通过能力，通过寻找一份事业，通过应用教育加以实现。要记住，几十年来，妇女教育被认为是无用的。”如果是倒数第二段是作者对激进分子有点批评，不满的态度的表现，那么最后一段就是作者的观点：独立是靠塌实工作，提高妇女自身的能力来实现的。a. 他全心全意的拥护。 b. 他强烈反对。不完全如此。 d. 他完全忽视不顾。3. a. 好斗的。（斗争性强的）。第三段第三句：“在最近5年中女权运动首要方面常常具有这种好斗的阶级斗争调子。”b. 野心的。 c. 进步的。 d. 独立的。4. d. 男人是她们共同的敌人。第三段：“激进女权运动分子在紧密团结中找到了力量。第一次她们认识了自己，她们可以探索自我，意识到她们的力量，把男人及其制度视为她们共同的敌人。”a. 妇女为男人们所剥削。这在第三段中讲到，见难句译注3。这是妇女观点中具体内容之一。也是为什么说男人及制度是她们共同敌人的原因之一。 b. 妇女不受男人支配。 c. 男人剥夺了女人生活。【2013嘉定区】阅读理解blogs are here to stay. they have become a deep-rooted part of the literary, journalistic, and even social area.perhaps you would like to start a blog; perhaps you would like to improve your blog; perhaps you would like to take your blog to professional standardsas a means of earning incomes or increasing your visibility. whatever your goal is, this course will move you in the right direction.millions of people have blogs. only a part of them do it well enough to achieve real benefits, in terms of incomes, visibility, or sheer (纯粹的) entertainment. this course will show you how to join the band of better bloggers. you will learn how to find the right tone for your blog, set it up and maintain it, write posts that are effective and worth reading, and attract people from all over the world to your spot on the blogsphere. while its simple to start a blog, it takes vigilance and skill to do it really well, as is true of any kind of writing.among the topics covered: overviews of the blogsphere, the benefits of blogging, focusing on your blog concept, how to set up and maintain a blog, tips for effective blog writing and drawing visitors to your site.you will get hands-on practice creating your blog plus time for questions. whether you wish to blog for fun or business, you will gain a realistic understanding of how to become part of the blogsphere.course offered.how to blogin this four-week course, a blogging expert will guide you through th