高中英语定语从句中关系词的成分2 课件.ppt

welcome 定语 指句子 宾语 主语 状语 非限 指人 指物 限制性和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句举例 a theteachertoldmethattomwastheonlypersonthaticoulddependon b chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory 非限制性定语从句举例a hismother wholoveshimverymuch isstrictwithhim b china whichwasfoundedin1949 isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful c lastsummerivisitedthepeople sgreathall inwhichmanyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear 注意区分下列句子的不同含义 herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege herbrother whoisnowasoldier alwaysencourageshertogotocollege 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学 意含 她还有其他哥哥 她哥哥是当兵的 他总是鼓励她上大学 意含 她只有一个哥哥 一 限制性定语从句中只能用that引导的情况 1 当先行词是everything anything nothing something除外 all none few little 等代词时或当先行词受every any all no little few much等代词修饰时 a thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld b allthatcanbedonehasbeendone c thereislittlethaticandoforyou d hestayedinthelibraryandlookedupanyinformationthattheyneeded 2 当先行词被序数词修饰时 如 thefirstplacethattheyvisitedinlondonwasthebigben 3 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 如 thisisthebestfilmthatihaveeverseen 4 当先行词被thevery theonly修饰时 如 a thisistheverydictionarythatiwanttobuy b afterthefireinhishouse theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowns 注意 当先行词指人时 偶尔也可用关系词who wanghuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting 5 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时 关系代词要用that或省略 heisnolongertheman that hewaswhenweknewhimatfirst 他现在不在是我们最初认识他时的那个人了 beijingisnolongerthecity that itusedtobe 北京再也不是是过去的北京了 6 当先行词前面有who which等疑问代词时 whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate whichisthet shirtthatfitsmemost 7 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时 如 a theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschoolb lookatthemanandhisdodthatarewalkingupthestreet 二 关系代词as和which引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句时 其用法有相同之处 也有不同之处 具体情况是 as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前 主句之后 甚至还可以分割主句 which引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后 另外 as常常有 正如 正像 的含义 如 a asisknowntoall chinaisadevelopingcountry b heisfromthesouth aswecanknowfromhisaccent c john asyouknow isafamouswriter d zhanghuahasbeentoparismorethantentimes whichidon tbelieve 注意 当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时 关系词往往只用which 如 a tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain whichmadehisteacherveryangry b thesetablesaremadeofmetal whichmadethemveryheavy 3 当先行词受such thesame修饰时 关系词常用as a i veneverheardsuchstoriesashetells b thisisthesamedictionaryasilostlastweek sheworethesamedressthatsheworeatmary swedding sheworethesamedressasheryoungersisterwore 注意 当先行词受thesame修饰时 偶尔也用that引导定语从句 但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别 如 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙 她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙 三 以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由inwhich或that引导 而且通常可以省略 如 a theway that inwhich heansweredthequestionswassurprising b idon tliketheway that inwhich youlaughather practicemakesperfect 1 thisisthebestbook i veeverread a thatb whichc whend who that 2 wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersons wesawthen that 3 thisisall theteachertoldusinclass that 4 i lldoeverything icantohelpyou that 5 thisistheonlything iwanttoseenow a itb asc thatd what 7 thisismuch icandoforyou that 6 idon tknowanything happenedtohim that that 9 yesterdayiboughtthesamepen youhave a thatb whichc asd whose as 8 isknowntoeverybody themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth a itb asc thatd what as 10 whathaveyoudonetome idon thavesuchafriend you