2015-2016学年广东省仲元中学高一下学期期末考试语文试题.doc
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广东仲元中学2015学年第二学期期中考试高一年级（文科）政治学科试卷命题人：1、 选择题：下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项最符合题意的。（共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1.2015年7月初，中国人大在其网站公布了网络安全法等三部法律草案，公开征求意见，截至7月8日晚间，三部法律草案已有不少公众发表意见，其中网络安全法草案已有1 000条。我国立法之所以公开向社会征求意见，其根本原因在于() a.我国的立法机关是由人民选举产生的 b.我国是人民民主专政的社会主义国家 c.在我国，公民是国家的主人 d.我国公民享有广泛、真实的政治权利2.某地居民因不满硬座票与无座票价格相同，依据合同法和消费者权益保护法状告某铁路公司。法院2015年3月开庭审理。你认为该地居民起诉的理由是基于() a.法律面前人人平等，公民享有同样的权利和义务 b.法律应体现全体公民的意志，维护公民的合法权益 c.公民有监督政府的权利，政府也应当坚持对人民负责的原则 d.任何单位和个人都应当坚持权利与义务统一的原则3.快递实名制于2015年11月1日正式实施，寄送快递，必须出示身份证并且进行相关登记。实名制有助于大幅减少丢件、危爆品、毒包裹等出现的几率。这一举措()扩大了对公民权利的保护范围有利于提高社会管理和服务水平体现了权利与义务统一的原则是坚持依法行政的必要保证 a. b. c. d.4.新一轮户籍制度改革，旨在推进基本公共服务均等化，不断扩大教育、就业、医疗的覆盖度。为推进符合条件的农业转移人口落户城镇，山东省潍坊市放宽进城落户条件，落户门槛从“有住房”降为“有房住”，自2015年7月1日起，符合条件的租房者也可以落户成为潍坊市民，让许多农民工圆了市民梦、创业梦和安居梦。表明该项改革()有利于进一步扩大公民政治权利拓宽了广大农民的政治参与渠道体现了国家对公民平等权利的尊重有利于提高社会管理和服务水平 a. b. c. d.5.十二届全国人大一次会议从174名候选人中选举161人为十二届全国人大常委会委员，差额比例为8%，与十一届相比又提高了一个百分点。扩大差额选举比例能够()促使被选举人之间形成相应的竞争 保证当选者结构的合理性让每个选民都有机会选择当家人 为选举者行使选举权利提供更多的选择余地 a. b. c. d.6.受有关部门委托，中国人民大学调查中心就春节法定节假日安排以网上调查等方式公开征求意见，超过七成的网友支持从除夕开始放假。经国务院批准，2015年春节假期从除夕开始。这说明()网民通过社情民意反映制度参与民主监督民意是正确决策的重要信息资源公民的表达权是参与管理国家和社会的标志政府增强决策透明度和公众参与度，提高决策水平 a. b. c. d.7.为提升村委会的组织管理能力，浙江省加强村干部绩效考核，让村干部依次述职述廉，并进行民主测评和个别谈话，确定等次，以此作为表彰奖励、绩效、任用的依据。这一举措()有利于村民依法直接行使民主权利进一步强化了村民自治的基础有利于增强基层民主管理的透明度 有利于加强我国基层政权建设 a. b. c. d.8.北京市某社区不少住户大院里杂物到处乱放，极易引发火灾。为此，社区采取公开讨论的办法，提出“你周围的消防隐患有哪些”等问题让居民思考回答，大家感受到消防安全的重要，主动清理了自家院子。下列选项对这一做法及其意义的概括正确的是() a.协商民主推进和谐社会的建设 b.民主监督维护公民的切身利益 c.民主管理参与公共事务的管理 d.民主决策激发公民主人翁精神9.由百余名院士专家着手制定的“中国制造2025”，将为中国制造业未来10年设计顶层规划和路线图，通过努力实现中国制造向中国创造、中国速度向中国质量、中国产品向中国名牌三大转变。这一举措()使民主决策集中民智、反映民意能增强院士专家管理身边公共事务的意识为民主决策提供有力的智力支持拓宽和丰富了我国参与民主决策的新途径 a. b. c. d.10.近期，公务员“涨薪”成为社会话题。有人认为：长期形成的惯性思维方式以及惰性的官僚主义，使公务员工作效率极其低下，“门难进、脸难看、话难听、事难办”，让市场主体和普通公民不堪重负。公务员应该适当增加工资，但要得到社会的理解和认可，就应当()坚持为人民服务的工作方法，增强服务意识提高工作效率，改进工作作风，克服官僚主义必须恪尽职守，履行自己的法定职责 自觉接受人大监督，对人大负责 a. b. c. d.11.针对持续冷清的房地产市场形势，2015年3月30日央行将购买二套房的首付比例由不低于50%调整为不低于40%，同日财政部也放宽了转卖二套房营业税免征期限。这些措施()是政府坚持科学决策的表现是政府坚持科学执政的表现主要履行了宏观调控的职能主要履行了加强社会建设的职能 a. b. c. d.12.党的十八届四中全会提出，法律的权威源自人民的内心拥护和真诚信仰。人民权益要靠法律保障，法律权威要靠人民维护。必须弘扬社会主义法治精神，建设社会主义法治文化。这要求各级政府要()履行好组织社会主义文化建设的职能求真务实地行使好手中的司法权在执法过程中维护好人民的根本利益为人民群众行使好和执掌好国家政权 a. b. c. d.13.国务院公布养老“并轨”改革决定，破解养老“双轨”难题，可以逐步化解同类人员待遇差距拉大的矛盾，更好地体现制度公平和规则公平，得民心，遂民愿。破解养老难题，体现了政府()为人民服务的宗旨 履行社会建设的职能科学、民主、依法决策 以人为本的执政理念 a. b. c. d.14.财政部、国家发改委发布通知称，自2015年11月1日起，在全国统一取消和暂停征收37项行政事业性收费，以及自2016年1月1日起，取消人力资源社会保障等部门所属公共就业和人才服务机构收取的人才集体户口管理服务费从而简化行政办事程序，这有利于()更好地提高政府的执政能力简政放权，推动政府成为服务型政府增加国家财政收入 提高行政管理水平和行政效率 a. b. c. d.15.漫画重组启示我国政府机关工作人员要() a.做到合理行政，高效便民，增强政府权威b.切实履行经济建设职能，维护群众利益 c.牢固树立为人民服务、对人民负责的思想d.用制度管权、管事、管人，提高行政效率16.我国政府的权力是人民赋予的，政府及其工作人员行使行政权力必须依据宪法和法律规定，坚持依法行政。政府依法行政()是贯彻依法治国方略的基本要求是制约和监督权力的关键体现了对人民负责的原则 是密切党群关系的现实选择 a. b. c. d.17.李克强在2015年政府工作报告中指出：大道至简，有权不可任性。各级政府都要建立简政放权、转变职能的有力推进机制，给企业松绑，为创业提供便利，营造公平竞争环境。所有行政审批事项都要简化程序，明确时限，用政府权力的“减法”，换取市场活力的“乘法”。这就要求政府()必须严格依法行政，确保权为民所用充分发挥宏观调控的决定作用继续简政放权，全部取消非行政许可审批，建立规范行政审批的管理制度加强廉政建设和反腐败工作 a. b. c. d.18.为确保政府权力得到正确行使，现代国家需要通过建立健全官员“不敢腐”的惩戒机制、“不能腐”的防范机制和“不易腐”的保障机制，把政府权力“关进制度的笼子里”。这是因为()我国国家权力属于人民政府权力是一把双刃剑政府权力需要监督制约权力的滥用会滋生腐败 a. b. c. d.19.2015年8月16日下午，李克强在“天津爆炸事故救援指挥部”开会时强调：要彻查事故原因，依法严格追责、严厉问责、严肃查处。要减少各类安全事故，不仅仅是事故发生后对权力的追责和问责，关键是() a.坚持立党为公，执政为民 b.健全权力运行的制约和监督体系 c.建立社会与公民监督体系 d.公安机关立警为民，秉公办案20.2015年6月5日，国务院全面大督查再出发，成立11个督查组，分赴中央部门和地方，对国务院重大政策措施落实情况开展重点督查。督查组所到之处，直面问题，绝不回避。这体现了()政府求真务实的工作作风国家权力机关行使监督权，加强对各部门的监督加强了行政机关体系的内部监督，更好为民服务把权力关进制度的笼子，防止权力滥用 a. b. c. d.21人民日报官方微博发文批评那些“只知道热烈鼓掌、点头称是”的人大代表，呼吁“会场讨论，何惧观点交锋？人大代表应当铭记：你沉默，就是人民失语；你认真，民主才能运转起来”！这段博文强调人大代表() a由人民选举产生，要密切联系群众 b要依法行使提案权、监督权 c要依法行使质询权 d肩负人民期望，要如实反映人民要求222015年8月21日，某镇召开镇人大代表向选民述职评议大会，该镇人大代表向选民作了述职汇报。代表们就选民提出的问题，进行了详细的解答，并表示将梳理好群众意见，当好群众的代言人。该镇这一做法()保障广大选民对人大代表行使监督权和质询权体现了人大代表应该对人民负责，受人民监督有利于人大代表密切联系群众，提高履职能力方便监督人大代表，确立人民当家作主的地位 a b c d23从“打虎”到“猎狐”再到撒下“天网”，中央对于腐败问题的态度旗帜鲜明，这也告诫广大党员干部要() a改进自身的领导方式和执政方式 b铭记党的宗旨，自觉遵守党纪国法 c加强自律，代表人民行使好权力 d树立公仆意识，切实履行政府职能242015年是“十二五”规划收官之年，下半年到2016年三月份我国将制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划。围绕“十三五”规划的出台，不同部门有着不同的职责。下列能体现这一过程传导路径的是()国务院及各部委发挥行政职能作用 政协发挥参政议政、民主监督的作用共产党制定路线、方针、政策，指明方向全国人大通过规划，行使最高权力a b c d25每年3月召开的全国人民代表大会期间，都要审议中央政府工作报告、最高人民法院和最高人民检察院的工作报告以及财政部门的相关报告。这表明()全国人大与其他中央国家机关是监督与被监督的关系 国务院是最高国家行政机关全国人大是我国最高国家权力机关全国人大与其他中央国家机关是互相监督的关系 a b c d26某人大代表说，准备提案，前期调研必不可少。调研不能是会前“一阵风”，而是一个日积月累的长期过程，必须要花些时间精力深入一线、走进基层、了解民情。倾听民意，代表责无旁贷。可见，当好人大代表()需要广泛听取和反映人民群众的意见要发挥先锋模范作用，做到执政为民要审慎行使自己的提案权，反映民意要参与行使政府权力，接受人民监督 a b c d27为落实党的十八届四中全会精神，十二届全国人大常委会于2015年8月5日向全社会公布了最新调整的立法规划，包括房地产税法在内的34项立法任务亮相其中。下列关于中国共产党和全国人大关系的表述中正确的是()全国人大接受党的领导 相互监督、合作共事党的意志通过法定程序上升为国家意志都是国家体系的有机组成部分 a b c d28全国人大及其常委会具有监督权，人民政协也具有民主监督的职能，而人大监督和政协监督的最大不同点在于() a人大监督是集体监督 b政协监督是舆论监督 c人大监督是依法监督 d政协监督不具有法律效力29某市委书记到基层调研时发现：有的干部下基层征求意见时热热闹闹，解决问题时冷冷清清，甚至把群众当成自己作秀的道具、群众意见反而更大。针对这一现状，该市建立和完善了服务承诺制、首问负责制和责任追究制等硬性的制度约束。这表明党()完善执政方式，提高依法行政水平 创新执政理念，完善监督制约机制加强作风建设，提高治理国家的能力坚持民主执政的基本执政方式 a b c d30每年4月22日是世界阅读日，对于阅读的思考成为社会热议的话题。为推动阅读，我国已将全民阅读立法列入国家立法工作计划。假如你是一名政协委员，在推动阅读立法工作上应该()积极提交支持阅读立法的提案，建言献策，参政议政就全民阅读工作情况对政府相关部门进行质询和监督积极进行社会调研，广泛听取和反映群众意见和建议积极行使提案权，审议相关议案，支持阅读立法工作 a b c d2、 非选择题：（共40分）31.中共中央关于国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议提出：坚持绿色发展，必须坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，坚持可持续发展，形成人与自然和谐发展现代化建设新格局，推进美丽中国建设，为全球生态安全作出新贡献。加大环境治理力度，以提高环境质量为核心，实行最严格的环境保护制度，深入实施大气、水、土壤污染防治行动计划，实行省以下环保机构监测监察执法垂直管理制度。全面节约和高效利用水资源，树立节约资源循环利用的资源观，建立健全用能权、用水权、排污权、碳排放权初始分配制度，推动形成勤俭节约的社会风尚。运用公民政治参与的知识，结合材料分析公民应如何融入到绿色发展的过程中。(12分)32在推进知识产权事业方面，人大发挥了重要作用：全国人大听取各方意见，在调研和民意的基础上陆续制定和修订了商标法、专利法等相关法律；2014年45月期间，全国人大常委会对专利法实施情况进行了执法检查；11月1日全国人大教科文卫委员会听取国家知识产权局关于落实全国人大常委会检查专利法实施情况的报告及审议意见情况的汇报；1112月期间，北京、广州、上海三地的市人大常委会根据全国人大常委会的决定相继批准设立知识产权法院。从政治生活的角度分析，材料中全国人大及其常委会推进知识产权保护的做法所包含的道理。(8分)33材料一围绕“十三五”规划的出台，不同部门有着不同的职责，提出制定“十三五”规划建议。中共十八大报告制定“十三五”规划的大纲，中共中央就关于制定该规划的建议听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联领导人和无党派人士的意见和建议；本次还格外注重听取和吸收民意，国家发改委首次开通了“建言十三五”微信公众号，发布规划编制的动态，并邀请公众参与规划编制，建言献策；中共十八届五中全会提出“十三五”规划的建议，进行总体谋篇布局，根据此建议，国务院组织编写“十三五”规划纲要草案文本；2016年3月第十二届全国人民代表大会第四次会议审议并通过“十三五”规划纲要，随后正式公布。材料二法治新常态，是经济社会发展新常态的必然要求。党的十八届四中全会决定指出：“党的领导与社会主义法治是一致的。社会主义法治必须坚持党的领导，党的领导必须依靠社会主义法治。”习近平同志对决定所作的说明在谈到党的领导和依法治国的关系时强调：“对这一点要理直气壮讲、大张旗鼓讲。要向干部群众讲清楚我国社会主义法治的本质特征，做到正本清源、以正视听。”(1) 结合材料一，分析“十三五”规划的出台蕴含的政治生活道理。(12分)(2) 结合材料二，运用政治生活知识，说明怎样理解“党的领导与社会主义法治是一致的”。(8分)广东仲元中学2015学年第二学期期中考试高一年级（文科）政治学科答案3、 选择题：下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项最符合题意的。（共30小题，每小题2分，共60分）1答案b解析注意题干的关键词“根本原因”，b项符合题意。2答案d3答案c4答案d解析说法错误，不能说扩大公民的政治权利。不符合题意。5答案c解析是等额选举的优点，是直接选举的优点。6答案d解析社情民意反映制度是公民参与民主决策的渠道，而不是民主监督，不选。选举权和被选举权是参与管理国家和社会的标志，错误。7答案b解析村民选举当家人，是村民自治的基础，错误。村委会不是政权机关，错误。8答案c9答案a解析制造业发展规划并非身边公共事务，专家咨询制度并非新的途径。10答案c解析政府的工作方法是从群众中来到群众中去，说法错误；题干是得到社会的认可，不符合题意。11答案b解析科学执政的主体是党，不是政府，不选；材料体现的是政府的经济职能，不是社会建设的职能，排除。12答案a解析建设社会主义法制文化要求政府履行文化建设的职能，政府在执法过程中要维护人民的根本利益，符合题意。政府是行政机关，不是司法机关，不选。政党执掌国家政权，不选。13答案c解析国务院公布养老“并轨”改革决定，破解养老“双轨”难题，可以更好地体现制度公平和规则公平，得民心，遂民愿。这体现了政府在履行社会建设的职能，坚持为人民服务的宗旨，正确；与材料主旨内容不符。14答案c15答案c16答案a解析制约和监督权力的关键是健全制约和监督体系，不选；说的是党群关系，与题目无关。17答案c解析充分发挥宏观调控的决定作用，观点错误，市场起决定作用，排除。全部取消说法错误。18答案c解析是阐述我国的监督原因，而不是现代国家的制度监督原因；是结论而不是原因。19答案b20答案b21答案d22答案b解析监督权和质询权是人大代表的权利，说法错误；人民当家作主的地位是由宪法规定的，观点错误。23答案b24答案d25答案b解析全国人大与其他中央国家机关是监督与被监督的关系，而不是互相监督的关系，不选；不符合题意。26答案c解析共产党员要发挥先锋模范作用，做到执政为民，不选；人大代表参与行使行使政府权力说法错误，表述不准确。27答案d28答案d解析人大作为国家权力机关，其监督具有法律效力；政协是爱国统一战线组织，不属于国家机构，其监督属于民主监督，不具有法律效力，d正确。a、c不是两者的区别；b观点错误。29答案c解析中依法行政的说法错误；观点错误，依法执政是党的基本执政方式。30答案b解析是人大代表的权利。4、 非选择题：（共40分）31.运用公民政治参与的知识，结合材料分析公民应如何融入到绿色发展的过程中。(12分)31答案公民可以通过社情民意反映制度、重大事项社会公示制度等形式，参与民主决策，推动绿色发展决策的科学化和民主化。(3分)自觉进行民主监督，对绿色发展过程中法律法规的贯彻及相关国家机关工作进行监督，齐抓共管，形成环境保护的合力。(3分)坚持权利与义务统一、个人利益与国家利益相结合的原则，公民在享受绿色福利的同时，应树立资源循环使用的资源观，践行绿色消费，推动勤俭节约的社会风尚。(3分)公民应遵循法律法规规定，有序参与到绿色发展的过程中。(3分)(答题要点：权利与义务、民主决策、民主监督、国家利益与个人利益相结合、有序参与、公民观念、公民行为、社会风尚等)32从政治生活的角度分析，材料中全国人大及其常委会推进知识产权保护的做法所包含的道理。(8分)32答案全国人大制定和修订了商标法、专利法等相关法律说明全国人大行使立法权。(2分)全国人大常委会对专利法实施情况进行执法检查，全国人大听取相关实施情况报告及审议情况汇报，对法律的实行情况进行了监督说明全国人大及其常委会行使监督权。(2分)北京、上海、广州三地的三市人大常委会批准设立知识产权法院，说明人大常委会行使了决定权。(2分)全国人大听取各方意见，听取国家知识产权局的报告与汇报，北京、上海、广州三地根据全国人大常委会决定设立知识产权法院说明民主集中制原则是人民代表大会制度的组织和活动原则。(2分)33 (2) 结合材料一，分析“十三五”规划的出台蕴含的政治生活道理。(12分)(2) 结合材料二，运用政治生活知识，说明怎样理解“党的领导与社会主义法治是一致的”。(8分)33答案(1)中国共产党是我国的执政党，是中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心，坚持依法执政、民主执政。“十三五”规划由全国人大通过，使党的主张通过法定程序上升为国家意志。(3分)国务院是我国的最高行政机关，是最高国家权力机关的执行机关。根据党的建议编写规划纲要体现了坚持党的领导。(3分)全国人大是我国的最高国家权力机关，拥有最高决定权，全国人大审议通过“十三五”规划纲要，坚持民主集中制原则。(3分)我国实行共产党领导的多党合作与政治协商制度。听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联领导人和无党派人士的意见和建议体现了政治协商。(3分)我国是人民民主专政的社会主义国家，人民是国家的主人，发布规划编制的动态，注重听取和吸收民意，充分保障了人民的知情权、参与权、表达权和监督权，有利于规划反映民意、集中民智。(3分) （只要答出四点即可得12分）(2)党的领导必须依靠社会主义法治，我国宪法赋予了中国共产党执政地位，党的基本执政方式是依法执政。(如答“党以宪法和法律为准绳”或者“党的主张通过法定程序上升为国家意志是依法执政的重要体现”亦可)(4分)坚持党的领导是社会主义法治的本质特征(根本要求和保证)；我国的宪法和法律是由党领导人民制定的，体现了党的主张与人民意志的统一；只有在党的领导下依法治国，国家和社会生活法治化才能有序推进。(如答“依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略”亦可)(4分) 2015学年下学期仲元中学期中考试高一年级物理试卷命题人: 考生注意：本卷共四大题，满分100分。第四大题解答要求写出必要的文字说明、计算式和主要的演算步骤。只写出最后答案，未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分。一单选题（本题共6小题，每小题5分，共30分，每小题的四个选项中只有一个正确）1. 物理学的发展丰富了人类对物质世界的认识，推动了科学技术的创新和革命，促进了物质生产的繁荣与人类文明的进步，下列表述中正确的是 ( )a丹麦天文学家第谷发现了行星运动三定律 b牛顿发现了万有引力定律测出了引力常量c在研究行星运动规律时，开普勒的第三行星运动定律中的k值与地球质量有关 d1798年英国物理学家卡文迪许通过扭秤实验测量出了万有引力常量2 关于曲线运动，以下说法中正确的是（ ）a. 曲线运动一定是变速运动 b. 曲线运动的物体所受合力有可能沿运动轨迹切线方向c. 曲线运动的物体所受合外力不可能是恒力 d. 曲线运动的两个分运动不可能都是直线运动3农民在精选谷种时，常用一种叫“风车”的农具进行分选在同一风力作用下，谷种和瘪谷(空壳)都从洞口水平飞出，结果谷种和瘪谷落地点不同，自然分开，如图所示若不计空气阻力，对这一现象，下列分析正确的是()a谷种飞出洞口时的速度比瘪谷飞出洞口时的速度大些b谷种和瘪谷飞出洞口后都做匀变速曲线运动c谷种和瘪谷从飞出洞口到落地的时间不相同dm处是谷种，n处是瘪谷4. 如图所示，一辆汽车沿水平地面匀速行驶，通过跨过定滑轮的轻绳将一物体a竖直向上提起，在此过程中，物体a的运动情况是()a加速上升 b减速上升 c匀速上升 d变加速度的减速上升5铁路在弯道处的内外轨道高度是不同的，已知内外轨道平面与水平面倾角为，如图所示，弯道处的圆弧半径为r，若质量为m的火车转弯时速度小于，则（）a内轨对内侧车轮轮缘有挤压b外轨对外侧车轮轮缘有挤压c这时铁轨对火车的支持力等于d这时铁轨对火车的支持力大于6如图所示，光滑的水平面上，小球m在拉力f作用下做匀速圆周运动，若小球到达p点时f突然发生变化，则下列关于小球运动的说法正确的是()af突然变大，小球将沿轨迹pb做离心运动bf突然变小，小球将沿轨迹pa做离心运动cf突然变大，小球将沿轨迹pc做近心运动df突然变小，小球将沿轨迹pc逐渐靠近圆心二多选题（本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分）7.如图所示为一皮带传动装置，右轮半径为r，a点在它的边缘上；左轮半径为2r，b点在它的边缘上若在传动过程中皮带不打滑，则a点与b点的向心加速度和速度大小之比（ ） a. aa:ab=4:1 b. va:vb=1:1 c. aa:ab=2:1 d. va:vb=1:28. 如图所示，长为l的轻杆，一端固定着一个小球，另一端可绕光滑的水平轴转动，使小球在竖直平面内运动，设小球在最高点的速度为v，则( )oa. v的最小值为 bv若增大，向心力也增大c当v由逐渐增大时，杆对球的弹力也增大d当v由逐渐减小时，杆对球的弹力也减小9一物体运动规律是x3t2 m，y4t2 m，则下列说法中正确的是()a物体在x轴和y轴方向上都是初速度为零的匀加速直线运动b物体的合运动是初速度为零、加速度为5m/s2的匀加速直线运动c物体的合运动是初速度为零、加速度为10m/s2的匀加速直线运动d物体的合运动是加速度为5m/s2的曲线运动三、填空题（12分每空2分）10一条河宽400m，水流的速度为2.5m/s，船相对静水的速度5m/s，要想渡河的时间最短，渡河的最短时间是s；此时船沿河岸下游方向漂移了m11.如图所示为向心力演示仪。此装置由一个传送带连接两个轮盘，当一个轮盘转动时即带动另一个轮盘转动。把质量相等的甲、乙两个小球分别放在左右两侧轮盘上的滑槽内的相同位置（ 距离轴心距离相等），传送带连接左右轮盘的尺寸如图(右侧轮盘半径小于左侧轮盘)。当摇动底座上的手柄让轮盘转动起来后，两小球相对滑槽及轮盘静止，此时轴上的标记线显示受到向心力较大的是_球（填甲或乙）。此实验体现的物理思想方法是：（ ）a.等效替代 b.理想化方法c.控制变量 d.以上方法都有体现12.某物理兴趣小组在探究平抛运动的规律实验时,将小球做平抛运动,用频闪照相机对准方格背景照相,拍摄到了如下图所示的照片,已知每个小方格边长9.8cm,当地的重力加速度为.若以拍摄的第一点为坐标原点,水平向右和竖直向下为正方向,则没有被拍摄到的小球位置坐标为 ；小球平抛的初速度大小为 。 四、计算题：（本题包括3小题，12+12+16=40分。解答应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分）13.（12分）某人为了测定一个凹形路面的半径，在乘汽车通过凹形路面的最低点时，他注意到车上速度计的示数为72km/h，车内悬挂1kg砝码的弹簧秤示数为12n，（g=10m/）问： （1）该汽车通过凹形路面的最低点时的加速度多大？（2）凹行路面的半径为多少？14.（12分）如图所示，半径为r，内径很小的光滑半圆管竖直放置。两个质量均为m的小球a、b以不同的速度进入管内，a通过最高点a时，对管壁上部的压力为3mg，b通过最高点a时，对管壁下部的压力为0.75mg。（1）分别画出a、b在a点的受力图。（2）分别计算a、b在a点的速度大小。（3）求a、b两球落地点间的距离。15.（16分）某飞机场利用如图所示的传送带将地面上的货物运送到飞机上，传送带与地面的夹角30，传送带两端a、b的长度l10 m，传送带以v5 m/s的恒定速度匀速向上运动在传送带底端a轻轻放一质量m5 kg的货物，货物与传送带间的动摩擦因数，(g取10 m/s2)（1）求货物从a运动到b的所有的加速度大小和方向。（2）计算货物从a端运送到b端所需的时间。2015学年下学期仲元中学期中考试高一年级物理参考答案123456789dabaacbcbcac10. 80 ， 200 11. 乙 ，（ c ）12.（ 、） 13.（12分）解：（1）由题意知，汽车的速度v=72km/h=20m/s汽车通过凹形路面的最低点时，砝码所受的拉力f和砝码的重力mg的合力为砝码提供竖直向上的向心力由牛顿第二定律得：fmg=ma可得加速度因为汽车和砝码的加速度相同，故汽车在最低点的加速度为2m/s2（2）汽车做圆周运动的向心加速度为2m/s2，根据向心加速度的表达式得凹形路面的半径r=答：（1）该汽车通过凹形路面的最低点时的加速度为2m/s2；（2）凹行路面的半径为200m14.（12分）（1）略（2）以a球为对象：即,所以：,以b球为对象，设其到达最高点时的速度为vb，根据向心力公式有：,即, 所以：（3）a、b两球脱离轨道的最高点后均做平抛运动，由h=gt2 得t=由x=v0t得a、b两球的水平位移分别为：,故a、b两球落地点间的距离15.（16分）（1） 解析 开始一段时间，由牛顿第二定律得mgcos30mgsin30ma 解得a12.5 m/s2 ，方向沿斜面向上。货物匀加速运动的时间 t12 s货物匀加速运动的位移x1a t2.522 m5 m 因为x1 l，随后货物做匀速运动，a20 m/s2 ，（2）匀速运动位移x2lx15 m匀速运动时间t21 s 运动的总时间tt1t23 s 广东仲元中学2016学年第二学期期中考试高一年级英语学科第三模块试卷命题人： 第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分15分）第一节：听力理解(共10题，每小题1分，满分10分)每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，从题中所给的a、b、c项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第1段对话，回答第13题。1. why does the man take up a part-time job? a. because he doesnt have enough money for his tuition. b. because he wants to support his kid brother in his study. c. because he has to support his family.2. what can be concluded from this conversation? a. the man is a university student. b. the man will be a university student. c. the man will be a teacher.3. whats true about the man? a. he pays little attention to his study. b. he wants to earn a lot of money. c. he is hard working and warm-hearted.听第2段对话，回答第46题。4. what is the man? a. a farmer. b. an engineer. c. a pilot.5. what did the object do? a. it stayed still all the time. b. it moved round from time to time. c. it flew away quickly.6. how did the man describe the object? a. it was bigger than a normal plane. b. it was smaller than a normal plane. c. it was as big as a normal plane.听第3段独白，回答第79题。7. what is the main idea of the speech? a. to judge anything from facts. b. people may fool you by putting up a good appearance. c. dont judge a persons intelligence by his appearance.8. what do you know about the young man mentioned in the passage? a. he is stupid. b. he is a talented writer. c. he has many faults.9. what does the speaker want to say by giving the example of the student? a. the teacher is fooled by the intelligent student. b. the student is good at putting up a good appearance. c. the teacher doesnt know how intelligent the student really is.听第4段对话，回答第10题。10. how much did the man have to pay for the bank service charge?a. five dollars. b. fortyone dollars c. fiftynine dollars.第二节 听取信息（共5题，每小题1分，满分5分)听下面一段对话。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入空格中。录音读两遍。family shopping in a shoe storefather: 11._. with them, he will go on a hiking trip.bela: high-heeled shoes for 12._ occasions.david: 13. _ casual shoes for daily use.tome: sports shoes for playing outside and for his 14._ at school.mother: 15. _.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。aa guide to the librarys facilities(设备)to use or reserve the facilities of the library, follow the procedures given at the circulation desk.group study rooms (2f)students and teaching staff can use these rooms for group study. students are advised to use unlocked rooms (3 rooms for 2 people, 2 rooms for 4 people) available for free. when you use locked rooms (2 rooms for 4 people, 1 room for 10 people), you need to go through reservation procedures at the circulation desk. these rooms are available for group discussion.individual reading rooms (1-3f)there are 4 single rooms available for use by teaching staff and visiting scholars. each room is equipped with a computer together 1 printer and 6 scanners. reservation of these rooms is available for a period up to seven days on end.meeting rooms and seminar rooms (1-3f)only teaching staff and graduate students can apply to use these rooms and reserve them one day in advance. the total number of seats is 40. they are available for workshops and small seminars.computer rooms (4f)these rooms are available for classes or seminars and so on. the total number of seats is 88. only teaching staff can apply to use the computer rooms and reserve them one day in advance.16. how many locked rooms can students and teaching staff use?a. one b. three c. four d. ten17. if teachers want to print, they can go to _.a. a seminar room b. a computer roomc. a group study room d. an individual reading room18. who can apply to use the computer rooms?a. teachers b. visiting scholarsc. graduate students d. teachers and studentsbuniversity the best days of my life! i made lots of friends in my student dorm, went to great parties, joined the debating society. and, well, i did some work too but i must admit that my lecturers were very patient with my tardiness (拖沓).it is easy to look back at our university days in good ways but the truth is that when we first arrived on campus, most of us were out of our comfort zone. in fact, a survey of students at imperial college london has showed that 3 out of 4 students experience high levels of stress, or a mental health condition, during their time at college. the survey, conducted by over a thousand students, also found that 70% of those that experience stress do so at least once a week, and 9% of them feel stressed constantly.kristy, a student at exeter university, didnt enjoy her first days in college. she says: “when i first got to university i dont think id realized that id forgotten how to make friends. id been with the same school friends for seven years, and so i was trying to balance social success with academic success while learning how to look after myself at quite at a young age.dr. ruth caleb of the counseling service at brunei university in london has some tips that should make life easier for students before they set off for university. she says: “certain things that i think it would be very helpful for students to have put in place are an ability to do the practical things of life to do the washing, to do the cleaning and son on being able to cook. budgeting(预算) is extremely important in university life.” and caleb adds: “you should learn how to spend time on your own comfortably.”i graduated and learnt how to take care of myself the hard way. i hope that new students these days remember to acquire some life skills before they make the big jump.19. how does the writer feel about his university life?a. challenging but wonderful. b. busy and tiring.c. dull and stressful. d. boring but successful.20. which is true about students who first enter university?a. most of them suffer from frequent stress.b. most of them find it hard to manage their life.c. they fail to balance social and academic life.d. they feel as comfortable as they expect.21. dr. ruth caleb thinks budgeting is of great importance because it_.a. helps students put everything in placeb. helps students live independentlyc. makes students university life easierd. does good to students social relationships22. which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in the last paragraph?a. become very successful. b. make great progress.c. get used to university life d. go to university.cin seventh grade, i decided to try out for my school musical. i only made it through the first part before the drama teacher stopped me. it goes without saying that my christmas carol didnt get me any role.am i embarrassed? no. not just because it was ten years ago, but also because its such a great story to share. why? i think the main reason is that admitting to mistakes makes you easier to relate to. interestingly enough, science proves this theory.researchers have conducted numerous studies and have concluded that when someone makes a mistake or acts in a clumsy(笨拙的) way, they are found to be more likeable. in other words, if youre competent(有能力的) at something and then you mess up, it shows your human side. this allows others to connect and relate to you, which in turn makes them like you more.growing up, i was the type of student who had to get straight as and the type of athlete who always had to perform at the top of the game. the problem was that my standards were so high that i was never happy. it was only when i learned to let go and forgive myself for my mistakes that i truly felt relaxed.when one of your close friends or family members makes a mistake, are you quick to forgive and forget? sadly, many of us often express more sympathy(同情) for others than ourselves. with each mistake comes a lesson, and if you can learn to let go and forgive yourself, you will be better equipped to handle lifes challenges going forward.more importantly, if youre frequently worried about looking silly, youll never be able to get improvement at work. even if you make a fool of yourself, it isnt the end of the world. think about it: whats the worst that can happen? in many cases, the reward often outweighs the risk.23. what does the underlined part “this theory” probably refer to?a. a mistake makes you more likeable. b. an embarrassed person tends to act clumsily.c. competent people always mess up in life. d. its not embarrassing to share mistakes.24. which of the following statements is true according to the passage?a. the author is proud of her work. b. the author was once a perfectionist.c. the author always made some mistakes.d. the author felt ashamed of her high standards.25. what message can be got in the last two paragraphs?a. making a fool of yourself when necessary.b. being sensitive when it comes to forgiveness.c. viewing mistakes as learning opportunities.d. not being afraid to face your mistakes. 26. what does the author want to tell us in the passage?a. its okay to make mistakes. b. everyone may make mistakes.c. its time to forgive yourself. d. how to forgive our mistakes.dharry potter and the deathly hallows, part 2 has set new nationwide and global box-office records for ticket sales in its opening weekend. the final part of the harry potter series is creating the perfect storm of record-breaking box-office sales. before this movie, the dark knight held the opening weekend record. the dark knight actually sold a few more tickets. but with 3d and imax ticketing as well as the passion of fans who have waited for a long time to see the ending of j.k. rowlings brilliant story, the final harry potter movie was going to be hugely successful, no mater what. and as if film-makers were magically able to save the best for last, critics(评论家) completely agree that the deathly hallows, part 2 is the best film of the entire series and there has been little negative(负面的) to say about the performances of the films stars. when they were 10 or 11 years old, daniel radcliffe, emma watson and rupert grint have grown up on the big screen. they grew in their character as the story was told through the years. as the story draws to a close, the final harry potter film is set to break the $1 billion mark in worldwide sales. and even though the film series is finally over, j.k. rowlings harry potter will live on in different forms of merchandising (附带产品), including major theme parks, action figures and almost certainly, various versions of the story. 27. according to the author, we know harry potter and the deathly hallows, part 2_.a. was expected to be very successful in making money b. was poorly received by most of the movie critics in the us c. is not as good as the first several harry potter movies d. is not as good as movie-goers expected. 28. what is implied about the performances of the films stars? a. the performances are disappointing.b. the stars have done a very good job. c. the stars havent made a breakthrough d. the stars did much better before. 29. in which part of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage? a. entertainment b. education c. lifestyle d. kids 30. what would be the best title for this passage? a. the harry poter movies come to an end at last. b. the last harry poter movie sets new box-office records.c. the last harry poter movie comes in 3d and imax d. the last harry poter movie makes movie-goers sad.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。most teens look forward to learning how to drive. 31 . fortunately, there are things that you can do to help your teen become more comfortable behind the wheel. below are some tips for helping your teen become a more confident driver.l 32 before your teen gets behind the wheel of a car, he or she should be familiar with the rules of the road. you should have your teen review the drivers handbook and the vehicles instruction. if your teen understands the basic rules and how the car works, then he or she will feel a little better about getting on the road.l model good drivingactions speak louder than words. many people will tell you that they learned how to drive by watching one of their close family members drive. 33 .l practicepractice makes perfect. the more your teen practices, the more confident he or she will become. your teen should start off by driving in a place that is free of barriers. 34 . after your teen has gotten comfortable about this, he or she can start practicing on the road.l drive in a variety of conditionsin order for your teen to become a good driver, he or she has to practice driving in a variety of conditions. 35 .l get car insurancemany teens are worried about how much money their parents would have to pay if an accident occurred. you should explain to your teen that car insurance can help one save a lot of money.a. teach your teen the rules of the roadb. everyone should be considerate of others on the roadc. you should show good driving techniques with examplesd. let your teen finish school before he or she gets on the roade. an empty parking lot is a good place for a new driver to practicef. this includes things such as heavy traffic, bad weather and freewaysg. however, some of them are nervous about actually getting out on the road第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。the dolphin (海豚) swam in her tiny tank. it was early evening and the park was 36. _. she was alone again.earlier that day, she had performed her 37. _ for the visitors; and though their cheers pleased her, they did not 38. _ the sadness of forced separation (分离) she experienced daily, 39. _ her family.later that afternoon, her keepers had done their usual set of 40. _ on her to make sure she would be ready for the next days show. this time, she had given in quietly to their attentions. this 41. _ them, as it always did; they were so happy when she 42. _ them. but, when she didnt, they thought there was a 43. _; and she would be punished.she dived down and stared through the glass window into the observatory (观察) room. during the day, 44. _ crowded into this viewing room to watch her from an underwater angle (角度). the glass was 45. _ with the hand prints of the children who had pressed 46. _ to get a good 47. _.her daily life seldom 48. _. trainers would teach her 49. _ tricks, to be added to her show. sometimes, humans would bring their ill or 50. _ children to swim with her. and, over time, she would heal (治愈) them. but shed always 51. _ the process (过程) so as not to expose her amazing ability to the humans.she swam up to the 52. _; then stared 53. _ at the stars above.she was far from her family; and she was 54. _.in the dark she sangbut none of her kind 55. _ her.36.a repairedb.gonec.closedd.built37.a.tricksb.storiesc.songsd.duties38.a.causeb.stopc.ignored.tell39.a.along withb.out of c.except ford.away from40.a.thoughts b.performancesc.testsd.plans41.a.pleasedb.shockedc.discouragedd.puzzled42.a.helpedb.obeyedc.refusedd.guided43.a.taskb.chancec.rewardd.problem44.a.keepersb.visitorsc.reportersd.testers45.a.damaged b.blockedc.decoratedd.covered46.a.seriouslyb.lightlyc.closed.far47.a.viewb.sightc.sceneryd.scene48.a.occurredb.variedc.remainedd.survived49.a.newb.truec.stranged.regular50.a.skillfulb.cleverc.disabledd.shy51.a.take downb.slow downc.turn downd.put down52.a.parkb.poolc.surfaced.shore53.a.sadlyb.lazilyc.kindlyd.happily54.a.freeb.presentc.independentd.lonely55.a.knewb.heardc.acceptedd.found第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。several years ago i was at a train station waiting in line to buy a ticket. as i stood there i saw a young man asking people for money so that he could buy his breakfast. most of the travelers simply 56._ (ignore) the young man or gave 57. _ (he) a dirty look, yet a well-dressed middle-age man reacted differently. when 58._ (draw) near by the young man, the gentleman looked 59._ him and quietly asked, “how much will you need?” i couldnt hear 60._ the young man said but watched as the gentleman pulled several 61._ (note) from his wallet and 62._ (calm) placed them in the young mans hands.i dont know whether the young man actually used the money for his breakfast or for 63._ purpose. what i do know is that i saw two different reactions to the same situation. i saw people who 64._ (be) either afraid or annoyed. and then i saw the gentleman who was not afraid and treated the homeless young man as though he were a brother. i decided then and there that, even though we have to be 65. _ (care) in this world, i would rather be like the gentleman.第四部分 单词填空（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分）据句意及所给单词首字母完成下列句子.66.although we are good friends, i dont share her r_(宗教的) beliefs.67.i opened the packet just to satisfy my c_(好奇心).68.visitors are not p_ (允许)to touch anything without permission.69. because of the earths g_ (重力), apples fall to the ground.70.he found something f_(漂浮) on the lake, which frightened him.71.bill gates is one of the w_(最富有的) persons in the world and devotes himself to helping
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