Topic 3 Prerequisites for a Translator.doc

Topic 3 Prerequisites for a Translator Teaching aims：get students to know the difficulties in translation and the importance of broadening onesknowledge and practicingTeaching emphasis：Prerequisites for a translatorTeaching methods：Analysis and PracticeReferences：孙致礼，新编英汉翻译教程p13-14；陈宏薇，新编汉英翻译教程p11-19；彭长江，英汉汉英翻译教程；郭著章，英汉互译实用教程。1. the Translators Bilingual Competence As translation is a bilingual art, we have to know both languages, if we are going to do translation work with competence. In the case with the student in the English Department both Chinese and English must be mastered. 译者应具备深厚的语言功底（汉语功底要好，英语语言能力要强） Good English Proficiency扎实的英语基础，特别是要具有很强的阅读理解和鉴赏能力。 要掌握足够的英语词汇量。 要掌握系统的英语语法知识。 应该大量阅读英语原著，不断丰富自己的语言知识，提高自己的语感：语法意识（sense of grammar）、惯用法知识（sense of idiomatic ness）和连贯意识（sense of coherence）。Examples:（See E-C,p13、C-E,p12-15 、）例：They are entertaining women.译1：他们在款待女宾。译2：他们是女招待。 Good Chinese Proficiency1. 那地方是块肥肉。译1：That place is a fat piece of meat which every one wants to eat.译2：That place is an attractive piece of meat coveted by all.2. 你要有所弋获，则必须在学习中不断深入。译：If you want to gain anything, you must constantly deepen your studies.2. The broadening of the range and scope of our general knowledge Besides a good knowledge of the two languages, acquaintance with the subject matter covered in the book or article is also an indispensable factor in doing translation work well. Suppose you are going to translate a textbook on physics, you have to know something more about the science than the book deals with; otherwise you will run the risk of making mistakes in the subject matter imperceptibly. Just imagine how much harm your work will do the readers, who usually take for granted that the book is one hundred percent correct!广博的文化知识例1：The Security Council has been seized of the question since then.译：安理会自那时以来一直受理这个问题。.3. Political Consciousness例1：The enemy killed one of our comrades and we killed an enemy agent.译：敌人杀害了我们一位同志，我们宰了一个敌特。例2：The peasants and workers were hand in glove with one another in the struggle against the landlords and capitalists who worked hand in glove with each other.译：在反对狼狈为奸的地主和资本家的斗争中，工人和农民团结一致（或亲如手足）。4. Highly-developed sense of responsibility 一是严谨、端正的工作态度。翻译是坐冷板凳。（朱生豪、方平）二是敬业、乐业的主人公意识。5. Translation techniques 一个译者可以不去过问翻译理论，但他决不会没有自己的翻译策略。Sumup About a half century ago, the late respected and beloved premier Zhou Enlai, in an interview with students of Beijing Foreign Languages Institute (now Beijing Foreign Studies University), strengthened the “basic training” in the three essential aspects: the enhancement of our political consciousness, the betterment of our command of the relevant languages, and the broadening of the range and scope of our general knowledge.6. Practice (1) Hold on a moment. Let me put you in the picture first. 译1：先别急，我带你去看一下图片/ 我替你拍了一张照片。译2：别急，先听我给你解释一下/ 我先把情况给你说一说。 （） (2) I found that it is possible to walk your way to a better health, a trimmer body and a longer life -no matter what your age.译：我发现，不论你年龄多大，散步有可能使你祛病强身、矫形正体、延年益寿。(3) In Peking, my wife bought an off-the-rack pair of pants of acrylic fiber (acrilan晴纶)，handsomely cut and well made.译1：在北京我妻子买了一条漂亮地剪裁和做得很合适的晴纶裤子。译2：在北京，我妻子买了一条现成的(丙稀)晴纶裤子，剪裁漂亮，做工讲究。(4) 普陀山挨着东海，地形狭长，全岛面积12、5平方公里，与五台、峨嵋、九华并称我国佛教四大名山。China Pictorial 6/82期，译为：Rising on a long, narrow 12.5 square-kilometer island off the East China Sea, Putuo Mountain, along with Wutai, Emei, and Jiuhua are(is) considered Chinas four leading Buddhist mountains.英国人Sara Grimes在一本中国导游书中写： Putuo Island with Jiuhua, Emei and Wutai mountains is regarded as one of the four holiest Buddhist Mountains in China. (5) 入世后，我国经济要与国际市场接轨。译1：After Chinas accession to the WTO our economy will become/is integrated into the world/ global market.译2：Chinas WTO membership will bring its economy in line with the world market.译3：Chinas entry into the WTO will integrate its economy into the world market/ bring its economy in convergence with the global market.更多“接轨”， “与国际接轨” join tracks with the rest of the world connect our track to the international track accord with international norms( 惯例) be geared to international conventions be compatible with international practices7. Assignments1. Translation: The rapid shrinkage in natural resources is pressing for a lower birth rate. Its increasing economic strength has made it far less dependent on the American market. You can see stars well only if you live away from the lights of a town. 创始于1998年的中国北京高新技术产业国际周，从今年第五届起，将更名为“中国北京国际科技博览会暨中国北京高新技术产业国际周”，简称“科博会”。2. bilingual reading: “What is a Great Book? ”3. Some sentences in “Water Bridge” 4. Preview “The Process of Translation” Answers:1. 自然资源的迅速减少迫切要求降低出生率。2. 其日益增长的经济实力已大大减少了对美国市场的依赖性。3. 只要住在离开城市灯光的地方，你就能看清楚星星。只有住在你才能。你只有住在离开城市灯光的地方，才能看清星星。4. The