最新高考复习专题——任务型阅读方法指导与精练详解20篇.doc

高考复习专题任务型阅读精练详解Passage 1任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的单词。Growing vegetables for funFarmers might think the idea of growing food for fun sounds strange. But there are some people who do it all the time.They grow some vegetables because their natural color or shape is pleasing to see. They grow others because scientists have developed new colors or different sizes for traditional vegetables.One example is the bell pepper(胡椒). Seed companies sell seeds for several different kinds of bell peppers. One pepper is a weak yellow color when it begins to grow. Then its color changes to white. As it grows, it changes color two more timesto orange, then red. Another unusual plant is known as the yard-long bean or snake bean. It grows up to one meter in length. It is an important part of the food supply in areas of Asia. American farmers like it because it is different, yet tastes very much like the green beans they traditionally grow. Each bean has from ten to twenty seeds. The outside or pod can be eaten. Some of the very long beans are green outside but have black and white or red seeds. Gourds (葫芦) are plants that people like to grow because of the many different shapes. They also have many uses. Some round gourds are dried, painted and made into containers. Others have long necks and big bodies. These are dried, cut and made into containers to pour drinking water.Another kind of gourd is used to make sponges(海绵). When it is fully grown, it is removed from the vine and permitted to dry for a few weeks. Then it is placed in water for a few hours. The outer shell is then removed. The gourd is placed in the sun to dry. When it is fully dry, it is cut into pieces for sponges. They have a rough surface. They can be used to clean away dead skin cells, which makes them a popular skin-product.Unusual VegetablesVegetablesColors and 1. _Characteristics2. _the bell pepperfirst weak yellow then white, orange and finally red.can change 3._ while growing and is 4._ to seenot mentionedthe yard-longbean or snakebeanas long as one 5._can be very nice to look at as an important 6._supply 7._roundcan be made into 8._to contain somethinglong necks and big bodiescan be made into containersto pour drinking 9._can be made for spongesas a popular product for 10._1. shapes 2. Uses 3. colors 4. pleasing 5. meter 6. food 7. gourd 8. containers 9. water 10 skin-care.1. 第一段第一句They grow some vegetables because their natural color or shape is pleasing to see.稍加变化及shapeshapes。2. 第五段的这句They also have many uses.再加上题中下格的提示，应该写出uses(用途)。3. As it grows, it changes color two more timesto orange, then red.生长过程中，它多次变化各种颜色(colors)，所以令人赏心悦目。4. 同上。从解析3可以判断出应填pleasing(令人赏心悦目的)。5. It grows up to one meter in length.等于as long as one meter。6. It is an important part of the food supply in areas of Asia.可以直接找出答案。7. 葫芦是文中提到第三种植物。8. Some round gourds are dried, painted and made into containers to pour drinking water.做成倒水的器皿是其中的一个用途。9. 同上。10. 文章最后提到They can be used to clean away dead skin cells, which makes them a popular skin-product.换言之，葫芦也是一种护肤品。skin-product改为products for skin-care。较难题。Passage 2任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的单词。 Attitude is an internal state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual. Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas; others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is, upon the choices of action made by the individual.The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes. Whether one listens to classical music or rock, whether one obeys the speed limit while driving, whether one encourages ones husband or wife to express his or her own ideasall are influenced by attitudes. These internal states are acquired throughout life from situations one is faced with in the home, in the streets, and in the school.Of course, the course of action chosen by an individual in any situation will be largely determined by the specific facts of that situation. An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight. A child who has a strong attitude of honesty may steal a penny when she thinks no one will notice. But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time, and which makes the individual act regularly in a variety of situations, is what is meant by an attitude.Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways. They can result from single incidents, as when an attitude toward individuals experiences of success and pleasure, as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to complete some of them. And frequently, they are learned by copying other peoples behavior, as when a child learns how to act toward foreigners by observing the actions of his parents. Regardless of these differences, there is something in common in the learning and modification of attitudes.Title: Nature of AttitudeAttitude and its influenceContexts1._ of attitudeIt is an internal state that influences the choices of personal action and come from different experience in ones life. Others believe that attitudes come from 2._.The effect of attitudes on human beings 3._Common activities in daily life are the 4._ of the internal state.5._ of a situation may influence an individuals actionA strong attitude may 6._ over a period of time, which helps to form a 7._. But due to some special occasion, people may be engaged in what they are not 8._ to do. How attitude 9._ into being.It can be learnt from experience and mostly by 10._.1. Concept 2. emotion 3. activities 4. reflection 5. Factors/Ingredients 6. last 7. habit 8. likely 9. comes 10. chance1. Contexts里的信息，可以写出正确答案。应该是态度的概念。2. others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. emotional states=emotion属于词性转换题。3. The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes. 这里的actions等于activities。4. These internal states are acquired throughout life from situations根据句型转换应该可以得到答案。5. 第三段第一句Of course, the course of action will be largely determined by the specific facts of that situation.只要转换句型不难写出答案。6. but the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time,该句中的remain unchanged可以转换为last。7. 态度长久不变，就会成为一种习惯。正所谓“习惯成自然”。8. which makes the individual act regularly in a variety of situations,不想做的事就是被迫做的事。9. come into being（形成）是固定用法。10. 阅读最后一段，尤其是as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles这句可以转化为 by chance。Passage 3任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的单词。 There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education. Some students do badly in traditional classrooms. The open classroom may allow them to enjoy learning. Some students will be happier in an open education school. They will not have to worry about grades or rules. But many students will not do well in an open classroom. For some students, there are too few rules. These students will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is so different from traditional education, these students may have a problem of getting used to making so many choices. For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. They worry about the rules even when there are no rules. Even a few rules will help this kind of students. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education. Teachers who want to have an open classroom may have many problems at their school.You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is a good idea, but only in theory. In actual fact, it may not work very well in a real class or school. The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. They want and need to have some rules. In some cases, they must be made to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.Title: Open EducationDefinitionOpen education is a way of teaching which allows students to learn what they are 3. _ in without many rules.AdvantagesOpen education enables students to realize they are learning for 4. _, not for others.In open classrooms, many students dont need to be 5. _of grades or rules.Some students find 6. _ happiness in open classrooms compared with traditional classrooms.1. _Many students cannot prove themselves as 7._ in open classrooms as in traditional classrooms.There are so many choices for students to 8. _ that they cant use open education properly.Some teachers are not in 9. _ of such way of teachingThe writers2._to open educationOpen education is just theoretical, but in a real class or school it is not so good.The 10. _ of students want some structure in their classes.1.disadvantages 2 attitudes 3. interested 4. themselves 5. afraid 6. more 7. good 8. make 9. favor/support 10. majority 1. 本文讲的就是开放教育的优劣两方面。上格是advantages, 自然下格就改写disadvanges。2. 最后一段作者表明自己的态度。3. This way of teaching allows the students to develop their own interests in many subjects.句型转换可以得知interested是合适的。4. 从这句Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education. 看出学生不是为别人而是为自己学习。5. They will not have to worry about grades or rules.= many students dont need to be afraid of grades or rules.6. Some students will be happier in an open education school.比较级中的词性变化。be happier=find more happiness7. 第二段中这些关键词组too few rules， do little in school， not make good use of 说明学生在开放式教育中没有传统式教育学得好。8. 在getting used to making so many choices.句中进行词形变化，即可获得答案。9. that some traditional teachers do not like it.意思就是：Some teachers are not in favor of such way of teaching.10. most students, but of course not all students, want some structure in their classes. Most students=the majority of studentsPassage 4任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的单词。Dont complain in the NBAThe NBA has a new rule this season. Its called “zero tolerance”. NBA referees are not letting players complain too long or too loudly about a referees call. A player who does can be given a technical foul (犯规). Two technical fouls, and the player is out of the game.The players dont like the new rule and want the NBA to change it. They think its only natural to get angry during a close, hard-fought game if a call goes against you.But I like the “zero tolerance” rule and wish other sports would follow the NBAs example. Wouldnt it be more enjoyable if football, soccer and tennis players stopped arguing the calls and just played the game?The biggest reason I like the new rule is that it sets a good example to younger players. When kids see stars such as Rasheed Wallace of the Detroit Pistons shouting at the referees and arguing every call, they think its part of the game. But shouting at referees and arguing calls should never be part of any kids games. Kids should be taught to forget about the referees calls and pay attention to improving their skills and play their best.All players need to learn that you control only one thing in a game, and thats your own performance. You cant control what the other players or trainers do. And you certainly cant control the calls the referees make.Finally, everyone from NBA all-stars to 8-year-olds should remember that being a basketball referee is a hard job. The referee has to make dozens of sudden calls. No hesitation. No second chances. Not even the best referee gets every call right.Maybe if the players, trainers and fans who shout at the referees had to wear a whistle and call a few games, there wouldnt be as many complaints about the “zero tolerance” rule.The new ruleThe players are not 1. _to complain twice about a referees call, 2._ they might be 3. _out of the court.The players opinionThey 4. _the new rule and wish it to be changed.They think its natural for them to get angry during a close game if there is a call 5. _ against them.The writers opinionHe likes the “zero-tolerance” rule and wishes it to be followed by other sports and it will be more enjoyable if players 6. _arguing the calls.The new rule does 7. _a good example to younger players.Shouting at referees and arguing calls shouldnt be part of any kids games and kids should pay attention to 8. _up their skills and play their best.All players can control nothing 9. _except their performance.Everyone should 10. _in mind that its difficult to be a basketball judge.1. allowed/permitted2.or/otherwise 3. driven/put4. dislike/hate5. going 6. stop/quit7. set 8. polishing 9. else 10. keep/bear1. NBA referees are not letting players complain too long or too loudly about a referees call. 该题使用了“同义不同法”表达。等于be allowed/permitted to do sth. 2. 对裁判抱怨两次以上，就会被罚下场，所以用“否则”合理。3. 同上。be out of the game=be driven/put out of the court4. The players dont like the new rule画线部分可以转为dislike或hate。5. 原句：if a call goes against you在there be句型中的主语后要用分词作后置定语，所以写出going为正确。6. Wouldnt it be more enjoyable if football, soccer and tennis players stopped arguing the calls and just played the game?此句为虚拟语气。而题中是“主将从现”的现在时态，因此stopped应改为stop。7. it sets a good example to younger players.如用助动词强调就必须是: “does set”。8. improve=polish up(提高、改进)9. 第五段说明球员只能学会控制自己的比赛，而无法控制其它-比如，别的球员、教练、尤其是裁判的执法。10. everyone from NBA all-stars to 8-year-olds should remember that being a basketball referee is a hard job.在该句中的remember意思为：bear/keep sth. in mind。本题考查了动词与动词词组的转换。Passage 5任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的单词。Happy birthday! Do birthday really make people happy? Of course they doBirthday celebrate the day when we were bornBesides, that extra candle on the cake suggest another year of growth and maturity（成熟）or so we hopeWe all like to imagine that we are getting wiser and not just olderMost of us enjoy seeing the wonder of growth in others, as wellFor instance, seeing our children develop and learn new things makes us feel proudFor Americans, like people in most cultures, growing up is a wonderful processBut growing old? That is a different storyGrowing old is not exactly for people in youth-oriented（以年轻人为中心）American cultureMost Americans like to look young, act young and feel youngAs the old saying goes, “Youre young as you feel” Older people joke about how many years young they are, rather than how many years oldPeople in some countries value the aged as a source of experience and wisdomBut Americans seem to favor those that are young, or at least “young at heart”Many older Americans find the “golden years” to be anything but goldenEconomically, “senior citizens” often struggle just to get byRetirement at the age of 65 brings a sharp decrease in personal incomeSocial security benefits usually cannot make up the differenceOlder people may suffer from poor nutrition, medical care, and housingSome even experience age discrimination（歧视）American sociologist Pat Moore once dressed up like an older person and wandered city streetsShe was often treated rudely-even cheated and robbedHowever, dressed as a young person, she received much more respectUnfortunately, the elderly population in America is increasing fast. Why? People are living longerFewer babies are being bornAnd middle-aged “baby boomers” are rapidly entering the group of the elderlyAmerica may soon be a place where wrinkles（皱纹）are “in”Marketing experts are ready to notice this growing group of consumerTitle: Different Opinions About 1._OldItemsDescriptions / DetailsGeneral ideaGrowing older, being mature and wiser2._attitudeAbout the 3._A wonderful process: children developing and 4._new things, enjoying another birthday partyAbout the oldBeing respected by the young5._ the aged as a source of experience and wisdomLiving happily in the 6._ yearsNegative attitudeNever being young againFeeling lonely in a youth-oriented culture7._ problem: personal income decreasing 8._Health problem: suffering from poor nutrition and other diseasesHousing problems: poor and simple9._ problems: being ill-treated - experiencing age discrimination, cheating and robberySolutionThe government 10._ social security benefitsThe young caring for and respecting the old1. Growing 2. Positive 3. young 4. learning 5. Valuing 6. golden 7. Economical 8. sharply 9. Social 10. improving1. 文章开始谈到喜气之事-成长和成熟，然而，话题一转，却讨论的是“变老”的事。about是介词，要用动名词growing。2. 无论老年还是青年，对变老、成熟和博学都有积极和消极态度。再根据下格判断用Positive，还要注意开头字母大写，做到不出差错。3. 下格是关于老年人的态度，那么上格应该是年轻人的态度。4. seeing our children develop and learn new things makes us feel