中西文化差异与大学英语教学.doc

外 国 语 学 院学年论文题 目： Culture Differences between East and West & College English Teaching中文并列题目：中西方文化差异与大学英语教学 专业： 英语师范 班级： 英语（08-2）班 学生： 陈月宁 指导教师（职称） 余教授 完成时间： 2011 年 3 月 28 日至 2011 年 4 月 1 日指导教师评语：成绩：_ 签名:_ _年_月_日学年论文成绩评定表 Abstract To some extent, language and culture are inseparable. Thus it is very important and necessary to permeate culture differences in college English teaching. This paper analyses the reasons about culture differences between east and west and the reflections of culture differences in college English study and mainly states the necessity and importance to permeate culture difference in college English teaching and introduce some methods to permeate culture differences in college English teaching.Key words: culture differences; college English teaching; importance; method摘 要 在某种程度上，语言与文化是密不可分的。因此在大学英语教学中渗透文化差异是非常重要和必要的。本文分析了文化差异存在的原因及其在大学英语教学中的体现，主要阐述了在大学英语教学中渗透文化差异的重要性与必要性，最后还介绍了如何进行文化差异渗透的方法。关键词：文化差异； 大学英语教学； 重要性； 方法8Culture Differences between East and West & College English TeachingLanguage expresses cultural reality. All kinds of languages reflect its relative cultures. English and Chinese are two kinds of absolutely different language systems, which reflect two kinds of absolutely different cultures. The different languages between east and west deter that they must exist communicative barrelculture differences. However, almost all students in our country learn foreign languages just in our own country. They live in single cultural background, which must be existed the limitation between language and culture. Thus, it is very important to permeate culture differences in college English teaching.First of all, we should know what cause culture differences. Culture, in a broad sense, means integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behavior that is both a result of and integral to the human capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generation. As different cultures have different values, believes, the way of thinking, ethic principles, conventions and so on, culture differences exist naturally. Especially different values play a very important role in different cultures. Every culture has its own value system. This value system can help people to distinguish beauty and ugliness, good and evil. It is philosophy about how to conduct oneself in society. It also is peoples ethic standard and convention. Every culture judges value system in different standards. But we cant say that one value standard is advanced, while the other is backward. In China, people praise modest and gentle highly but they dont like people often desire to excel over others. While, in western, people praise individualism very much and humanism rooted in their hearts deeply. Western people also think highly of thinking things out of oneself, judging independently, achieving individual profit by oneself and thinking individual profit supremely. We can meet culture differences in college English teaching commonly. The culture differences between eastern and western express in many aspects. But as the foreign language teaching aim is to cultivate students ability about using language, college English teaching should place particular emphasize on communication culture differences. The culture differences mainly express in the following aspects. Firstly, culture differences express in conception of time. Western peoples conception of time links closely with conception of money, thus, they cherish time very much. In western, when you want to pay a visit to some one, you must tell him in advance and you shouldnt take action before he or she agree. On the contrast, Chinese people treat time at will. Secondly, culture differences express in privacy. Chinese think lightly of privacy, while western people think highly of it. Western people arent willing to tell others so much about himself and dont like others to interfere. It is not appropriate to ask questions on personal information like age, family background, salary, or questions on personal activities when we converse with English speaking people unless they indicate clearly that they do not mind or they talk about them first themselves. For example, in Chinese eyes, it is polite to enquire others age and income when each other meet for the first time. But western people think that you violated their privacy. Thirdly, culture differences express in the social relationships. On the one hand western people think highly of equality. No matter you are rich or poor, every body will respect you and no one is admitted to violate your rights. Meanwhile, every one would respect others completely. In America, people are not honor for their celebrated background or ashamed of their poverty. They know that exactly as long as they try their best, they are bond to succeed. As a popular saying goes in America: if working hard, even a cowboy can be president. On the other hand, American family structure is simpler than Chinese. They live in nuclear family, which only consists of parents and immaturities. When they get married the children must remove from their parents house and become independently on economy. That can not only provide the maximum freedom to the young but also form their independent ability. But they become not as intimate as before at the same time. However, Chinese family structure is complicated. In china, the traditional happy family is four generation in one house. In this family, people depend on each other, help each other and they form deep relationship. But that do harm to the youngs independent ability. In addition, culture differences express in greeting, gratitude and compliments, colors and numbers, culturalrelated idioms, proverbs and metaphors and so on. As so many culture differences between eastern and western, it is very important to permeate those in college English teaching. First of all, permeating culture differences can help students form the western way of thinking. Chinese formed intrinsic eastern cultural way of thinking which was influenced by the traditional culture. They find it difficult to understand some western cultural phenomenon they meet. Teaching English background knowledge can help students understand the life style of western people and gradually help students to form the ability of surveying western culture in western cultural way of thinking. Then, it can help people understand English culture background and cultural connotation exactly. After understanding the western people treat every one equally and respect each other, we will not feel it hard to understand why western people like complimenting others and why people also are glad to receive. Meanwhile, students can benefit in understanding English exactly. Last but not least, it can relieve the influence from Chinese culture when students learning English. People always call the unauthentic English as Chinese English. Actually, this is one of expressions that English influence by the Chinese thinking model. In cross-cultural communication, students get used to organize language in Chinese thinking model and then transform into English. That is the typical phenomenon when students learn English. If they were educated the English cultural background knowledge in English learning, students can reduce this interference and learn it well.Although to permeate culture differences in college English teaching is very important, we should not follow some principle blindly. Firstly, culture differences permeation should follow practical principle. The culture differences we permeate should connect closely with the content students learn and the main aspects in our daily lifes communication. Permeating culture differences in college English teaching can make students think the connection between language and culture is not abstract and hollow. Moreover, it can arouse students interests in learning language and culture.Secondly, culture differences permeation should follow the phrased principle. Culture differences permeation should follow step by step. College English teaching should not only based on students language level, the ability of receiving and understanding but also should step by step from simple to complicate.Thirdly, culture differences permeation should follow the adaptability principle. In other words, teachers should select the permeated content carefully during the English teaching. Teachers should explain in detail on the common content and let students practice them repeatedly. But to the non-mainstream culture should not make much attention on it. Finally, teachers should pay attention to the method about permeating culture differences in college English teaching. If the method is right, teaching will get twofold results with half the effort. First of all, teachers should teach culture differences by learning idioms. Idioms form through long time using and are peoples collective wisdom. Just like Historical Stories of Chinese Idioms, those idioms express strong sense of religious, racial and regional characteristics. If you want to master English really, its very necessary to know some English idioms. During teaching, in order to help students understand the whole passage well and arouse their interests in learning English, teachers should combine the specific situation make students understand some idioms. Then, teachers can explain and note in detail based on the phrases which have different cultural meanings and the texts refer to cultural background. Teachers can make students understand western countries and culture differences completely though introducing the different geographies, customs, religions, diet habits and histories in eastern and western countries. Finally, teachers should encourage students to take park in the activities about culture. Through practice in person, students can gain more perceptual knowledge and understand culture differences much better. The activities include seeing English movies; reading a large amount of books, papers and magazines; opening English corner; listening to the English broadcast and so on. Through the above activities, students can richen their culture knowledge