2016版石油大学学位英语复习指导.doc

Test 1 Part I Reading Comprehension Passage oneWhen the TV viewer turns on(打开) his set, what sort of programs does he have to choose from(从选择)? You might think there would be more programs devoted to(把用于) entertainment than to anything else, but thats not the case(情况并非如此). In most countries, fewer than 20% of broadcasting hours are devoted to entertainment. U.S. figures are high34.8%，and the fun loving Canadians are even higher with 44%. Except(除了) Canada and Italy, all countries give more broadcasting time to education than to either information (news, documentaries and so on) or(或者或者) entertainment programs. Of course, few educational broadcasts take place(发生) during peak viewing times(黄金时间). In Japan though, more than 60% of broadcasting time is taken up(占据) with education of one kind of another- just another example of the businesslike Japanese philosophy. In the U.K., the figure is 56.4%. The Italians have fewer educational programs than anyone else. They dont go in for(喜欢) entertainment either. Only about ten percent of viewing time is devoted to dramas and serials, quiz shows(智力竞赛节目), music, sports, etc. You will find more news information programs on Italian TV than anything else. Thats understandable in a country experiencing social and political changes. Italians rely on(依靠) TV to tell them whats going on and events are happening almost too fast to follow. The percentage of time the U.S. devoted to news and documentary programs is much smaller. After education, most TV time is given to entertainment. Many of these programs are shown around the world.1. Based on this passage, the percentage of TV broadcasting hours devoted to education is greatest in _. A. Japan B. Italy C. Canada D. the United States2. More news information programs are broadcast on Italian TV than anywhere else because the Italians _. A. are interested in what is happening in the world B. like to undergo social and political changes C. prefer to learn news information on TV rather than in newspapers D. expect TV to tell them the latest news about what is going on in their country3. So far as the broadcasting hours devoted to entertainment are concerned, _. A. the Japanese figure is the highest in the world B. the U. S. figure is smaller than the U.K. figure C. the U.K. figure is second to the Japanese figure D. the Canadian figure is higher than that of any other country4. From this passage, we learn that most TV stations in the world devoted more broadcasting hours to _. A. educational programs B. entertainment programs C. news information programs D. dramas, serials, music, sports and so on5. In the United States, _. A. TV programs are shown for world audience to watch B. most of TV broadcasting hours are given to entertainment C. educational programs are shown during peak viewing times D. TV broadcasting hours devoted to education are more than those devoted to entertainmentADDADPassage TwoMan has invented ways to keep warm, but how do animals defend themselves? They cannot reason in the sense that man can, but nature has taken care of(照顾) the animal kingdom by providing animals with(装备) special instincts （本能）. One of these instincts is known as hibernation （冬眠）. Sleeping like a dormouse （榛睡鼠） is not only a common saying but is a reality. When winter comes, the dormouse and other hibernating animals have reached a well-nourished(营养良好的) state. They eat very well in warmer days laying down(放下，制定) fat in the tissues of their bodies and during hibernation this keeps them alive(活着). Safe in their nests, or burrows （地洞）, they sleep soundly until the warmth of spring arrives. Bats, tortoises, snakes, frogs, even insects like butterflies, hibernate more or less(多多少少) completely. Some, like the squirrels （松鼠）, sleep during coldest weather but are roused （弄醒） by a warm spell （暖流）. During hibernation, the temperature of an animals body drops drastically(大幅度地). Breathing and heart-beats almost cease(停止). Another instinctive(本能的，直觉的) method of avoiding intense cold is to escape by means of(借助于) migration. Wild swans, seagulls, swallows and cuckoos are a few of the very many kinds of birds which fly thousands of miles, twice a year, to avoid cold. Many animals, especially those of the Arctic regions, have summer and winter quarters. The Arctic deer of North America, as well as(和) the reindeer （驯鹿） of Europe, move southward towards the forests when winter approaches(临近). They return to the northern area when the warmth of spring begins to be sensed. There are animals which do not attempt to(试图做某事) leave at the first sign(迹象) of winter cold. Their instinctive means of defense is to dig out a deep burrow, made it soft and warm by padding （填塞） out with straw, leaves, moss and fur. In it they have a secret place containing(包含) food which they hope will last(持续) the winter through! Animals which fall into this class(种类) include the Arctic fox, the rabbit and the ermine（貂）and the little field-mouse. 【题目解析】6 How does the dormouse defend itself against cold in winter? A It moves about to keep warm.B It grows thicker fur. C It sleeps continuously. D It goes to warmer areas. 【解析】细节题。关键词dormouse，回归原文第二段“Sleeping like a dormouse （榛睡鼠） is not only a common saying but is a reality. Safe in their nests, or burrows （地洞）, they sleep soundly until the warmth of spring arrives.”一直睡到温暖的春天到来。 【答案】C7 What keeps animals alive during hibernation? A The fat stored in their bodiesB Their thick fur. C Their warm burrows. D Their deep sleep. 【解析】细节题。关键词hibernation和alive，回归到第二段“They eat very well in warmer days laying down(放下，制定) fat in the tissues of their bodies and during hibernation this keeps them alive(活着).”他们在暖和的日子吃得很好，在体内组织储存脂肪，这使得它们在冬眠中保持生命。【答案】A8 During hibernation, animals breathe _. A normally. B at a much slower rate. C at a faster rate. D irregularly. 【解析】细节题。关键词breathe，回归到第三段“Breathing and heart-beats almost cease(停止)”呼吸和心跳几乎停止。【答案】B9 According to the passage, what is migration （paragraph 4）? A Moving from one place to another with the season. B Living in burrows in winter. C Traveling in the winter months. D Leaving ones own country for another. 【解析】词汇题。关键词migration，回归到第四段，“Wild swans, seagulls, swallows and cuckoos are a few of the very many kinds of birds which fly thousands of miles, twice a year, to avoid cold.”野天鹅、海鸥，燕子和布谷鸟是众多鸟类中少数几种每年两次飞行数千英里，躲避严寒的鸟类。【答案】A10 How do ermines survive in winter? A They leave their cozy burrows and migrate to warmer lands. B They sleep soundly inside their burrow in winter. C They dig out burrows and store them with enough food. D They stay in their burrows and live on the food stored there. 【解析】细节题。关键词ermines，回归到最后一段，“Their instinctive means of defense is to dig out a deep burrow, . In it they have a secret place containing(包含) food which they hope will last(持续) the winter through! Animals which fall into this class(种类) include the Arctic fox, the rabbit and the ermine（貂）and the little field-mouse.”【答案】D【知识点总结】take care of照顾provide. with.配备某物lay down放下，制定keep sb. alive使活着more or less多多少少by means of借助于as well as和attempt to do sth. 试图做某事Passage ThreeThere is a definite(确定的) possibility that the climate of the world may be changing. Some scientists imagine that this could even mean the beginning of another ice age. The effects of such a change in climate on(对的影响) the human population of the world would be startling（惊人的）.Recent research suggests that(最新的研究表明) the general warming tend(趋势) of the past hundred years or so may be coming to an end(结束). During the past ten years, meteorologists tell us the average temperature of the earth has dropped about one degree Fahrenheit(华氏摄氏度). This does not seem like much, but it could have effects on(对有影响) wind and rain patterns which influence(影响) the overall weather picture. If these patterns change a lot, it could mean that certain regions of the world may continue to have long droughts while(然而：表示转折) others will possibly suffer from(遭受) widespread flooding.What regulates（调节）the climate is not exactly known. Meteorologists believe that clouds may be an important factor in regulating the amount of solar（太阳的）heat held by the earth, which in turn(反之) determines he temperature of the planet. Another possibility is that mans industrial and agricultural methods may be affecting(影响) the natural weather patterns. However, the weather is not understood well enough for scientists to say for certain(确定地) what is happening to the climate and what side effects(副作用，不良反应) this will actually have on the words population.【题目解析】11. According to the text, the climate of the world seems to _.A. be getting colderB. be getting warmerC. remain the same in the past ten yearsD. have good effects on the worlds population【解析】细节推理题。关键词climate，回归到第一段，“There is a definite(确定的) possibility that the climate of the world may be changing. Some scientists imagine that this could even mean the beginning of another ice age.”有些科学家认为这甚至意味着用一个冰川世纪的开始。言外之意，“气候变冷”。【答案】A12. According to what you have read, which of the following is TRUE?A. Mans activities have no effect on the climate.B. Another ice age will come soon.C. People dont care about the changing climate.D. Scientists are not yet sure about the reason for the changing climate.【解析】判断推理题。A项关于人类的活动对于气候的影响，可见第三段第三句“Another possibility is that mans industrial and agricultural methods may be affecting(影响) the natural weather patterns.”人类的工业和农业方法对自然天气是有影响的；B项文章并未表示冰川世纪很快到来；C项人们不在乎气候的变化，与全文内容违背；D项科学家还不确定气候变化的原因，根据最后一段第一句“What regulates（调节）the climate is not exactly known.”。什么调节天气还不清楚。【答案】D13. A meteorologist is a person who _.A. reads weather forecasts on radio or television B. thinks there will be another ice ageC. studies and knows about the weather D. believes there will be widespread flooding【解析】词汇题。回归到第二段“meteorologists tell us the average temperature of the earth has dropped about one degree Fahrenheit(华氏摄氏度).”和第三段“Meteorologists believe that clouds may be an important factor . .Another possibility is that. .”可见meteorologists是研究天气的专家。【答案】C14. Which of the following may be factors that affect the natural weather patterns?A. Clouds B. The amount of heat the earth receives C. Mans industrial and agricultural methodsD. All of the above【解析】细节推理题。根据最后一段， “Meteorologists believe that clouds may be an important factor in regulating the amount of solar（太阳的）heat held by the earth, which in turn(反之) determines he temperature of the planet. Another possibility is that mans industrial and agricultural methods .”【答案】D15. A best title for the text would be _.A. Droughts and Floods B. Meteorologists C. Changing Climate D. Solar Heat【解析】主旨题。根据每段第一句和全文内容，可知C项为正确答案。【答案】C【知识点总结】recent research suggests that最新的研究表明come to an end结束have effects on对有影响while然而：表示转折suffer from遭受in turn反之for certain确定地side effects副作用，不良反应Passage Four Many artists late in the last century were in search of a means to express their individuality (个性). Modern dance was one of the ways some of these people sought to free their creative spirit. At the beginning there was no exacting technique, no foundation from which to build. In later years trial error and genius founded the techniques and the principles of the movement. Eventually, innovators (改革者) even drew from what they considered the dressed ballet, but first they had to discard (丢弃) all that was academic so that the new could be discovered. The beginnings of modern dance were happening before Isadora Duncan, but she was the first person to bring the new dance to general audiences and see it accepted and acclaimed (称赞).Her search for a natural movement form sent her to nature. She believed movement should be as natural as the swaying of the trees and the rolling waves of the sea, and should be in harmony with the movements of the Earth. Her great contributions are in three areas.First, she began the expansion of the kinds of movement that could be used in dance. Before Duncan danced, ballet was the only type of dance performed in concert. In the ballet the feet and legs were emphasized, with virtuosity shown by complex, codified positions and movements. Duncan performed dance by using her body in the freest possible way. He dance stemmed from her soul and spirit. She was one of the pioneers who broke tradition so others might be able to develop the art.Her second contribution lies in dance costume. She discarded corset, ballet shoes, and stiff (拘谨的)costumes. These were replaced with flowing Grecian tunes, bare feet, and unbound hair. She believed in the natural body being allowed to move freely, and her dress displayed this idea.Her third contribution was in the use of music. In her performances she used the symphonies of great masters including Beethoven and Wagner, which was not the usual custom.She was as exciting and abnormal in her personal life as in her dance.16Which of the following would be the best title for the passage ?AThe Evolution of Dance in the Twentieth Century BArtists of the Last Century CNatural Movement in Dance DA Pioneer in Modern Dance 17According to the passage, what did nature represent to Isadora Duncan ?ASomething to conquer. BA model for movement. CA place to find peace. DA symbol of disorder.18. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an area of dance that Isadora Duncan worked to change?A. The music B. The stage sets C. Costumes D. Movements19Compared to those of the ballet, Isadora Duncans costumes were less _.Acostly Bcolorful Cgraceful Drestrictive20What does the paragraph following the passage most probably discuss?AIsadora Duncans further contribution to modern dance. BThe music customarily used in ballet.COther aspects of Isadora Duncans life DAudience acceptance of the new form of dance.DBBDCPart II Vocabulary and Structure 21. Though he studied hard, he _ to pass the examination. A. failed B. fails C. was failedD. is failed22. Although I like the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _ through the window. A)vision B)look C)picture D)view 23Could you give me a hand_ from the car, please? A)to carry the shopping in B)for carrying the shopping in C)and carrying the shopping in D)and to carry the shopping in24He couldnt_ the thought of 1eaving his hometown foreverA)bear B)carry C)offer D)support25We are fully aware_the dangers lying ahead. We welcome the challenge. A)with B)before C)at D)of 26In the past, women were_the right to vote. A)deprived B)denied C)reject D)returned27Water _ a very important ro1e in our daily life. A)plays B)play C)played D)is played28His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any_ of it. A)meaning B)message C)sense D)explanation29Dont disturb me. I _ letters all morning and have written five A)write C)have written B)was writing D)have been written30There are a 1arge number of reference books_ to you；you can make use of them at any time you like. A)desirable B)favorable C)noticeable D)available31The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A)to add B)having added C)adding D)added32. _, We keep records on all the experiments so that we may have enough data. A)As a whole B)As a rule C)On the average D)By all means33We will think about _ before we make a decision. A)farther B)further C)the farther D)the furthest34I didnt_ to make a taxi but I had to as I was 1ate A)assume B)suppose C)mean D)hope 35. “Did the examiner ask you many questions?” “Yes, and_.” A)they had difficulty being answered B)they were difficult to answer C)to answer them were difficulty D)answering them being difficulty36The_ of the new episode of Harry Potter movie is so great that many people want to see it. A)attack B)attraction C)attempt D)attention37. “Do you want to give a talk on that subject?” “_” A)I not prefer to B)I dont prefer to C)I prefer not D)I prefer not do38I have not the least_ of hurting your feelings. A)purpose B)concept C)mind D)intention39It is well worth_ to learn how to drive a car. A)making the effort B)making effort C)to make the effort D)to make an effort40When Mary paid the bill, she was given a_ for her money A)cheque B)ticket C)receipt D)label41While sitting at the foot of a c1iff, _ . A)he was hit by a stone B)a stone fell on him C)he fell off the cliff D)a stone falling on him42The statesman was asked to_ on the current events A)recommend B)command C)demand D)comment43Jack _ you more help, even though he was busy. A)shonld have given B)should give C)should have give D)should given44It is wrong for someone in such a high_ in the government to behave so badly in public. A)position B)situation C)profession D)rank45Yon dont have to be in such a hurry, I would rather you